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Viral

Carcinogenesis
Solehah Jeffrey
0610108
Viruses
infective Viruses
cancer
Cancers
infectious??
Outline
1. Overview
2. HTLV-1 -Human T cell Leukemia
Virus Type 1
3. HPV-Human Papillomavirus
4. EBV- Epstein-Barr virus
5. KSHV/HHV-8 –Kaposi sarcoma
Herpesvirus/ Human Herpes Virus-8
6. HBV – Hepatitis B Virus
Overview

 Viruses are
responsible
for 12.83% of human
 cancers.
Additional factors
needed

Peyton Rous
ONCOGENIC VIRUSES
 RNA oncogenic
0.03 (Leukemia) viruses
 1. HTLV-1
+5.3 - Leukemia
(Cervical (0.03%)
cancer)
 +1.0 (Burkitt’s Lymphoma, Hodgkin
 DNA oncogenic viruses
Lymphoma,
1.
Nasopharyngeal
HPV- Cervical cancer ca., (5.3%)
and B-
2. EBV-
cell Burkitt’s Lymphoma,
Lymphoma ) Hodgkin
Lymphoma, Nasopharyngeal ca., and B-
 +1.5 (Kaposi Sarcoma)
cell Lymphoma (1.0%)
 3.
+5.0
KSHV (Liver cancer)
– Kaposi Sarcoma(1.5%)
 4.=12.83%
HBV – Liver cancer
(total (5.0%)
percentage of
cancer caused by
HTLV-1 (Human T cell
Leukemia Virus Type 1)
 Transmission
 Blood
products
 Breastfeedin
g
 Strong tropism for
 Sexual
T-cells
 HTLV-I is endemic in
contact
 The Caribbean
 Adult cell  Japan
leukemia/
 South America
lymphoma
develops in only  parts of Africa
HTLV-1 (Human T cell
Leukemia Virus Type 1)
Region called
pX

TAX
protein

IL-2 GM-
CSF

IL-2
receptor
HPV (Human
Papillomavirus)
 Over 60 genetically
distinct types
 HPV 16 : 64% of cervical
cancer
 HPV 18: 8% of cervical
cancer  Risk factor:
 5Th most
 HPV 16 + HPV 18 = 72%
 Benign  Smoking
frequent
warts
of cervical : Type 1,
cancer
cancer in
 Immune
2,4, 7
 Genital warts with low malignantwomen
suppression
potential :
HPV 6 and 11  X-ray radiation
HPV (Human
Papillomavirus)
 HPV
 E6  E7

 binds to Rb
protein
 inactivates
p53 tumor
suppressor  release of
genes E2F
 Degrade BAX transcriptio
n factor
 induce cellular DNA
synthesis

EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)
 90% of adults
infected
 Establish a lifelong
latency
 African form of
Burkitt lymphoma
(Malaria)
 B-cell lymphomas
(Immune deficiency)
 Nasopharyngeal
carcinoma (Salted
fish)
 Hodgkin lymphoma
EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)
 EBV  LMP-1

 prevents
apoptosis by
activating BCL-2
 B-cell
immortalization
 B-cell
proliferation
KSHV(Kaposi sarcoma
Herpesvirus)
or HHV-8 (Human Herpes
Virus-8)
 Cancer of  Kaposi
lymphatic sarcoma
endothelium tumor
 Spindle
cells
 Highly
 Kept under vascular-
immunological abnormal
control and only dense and
presents a problem irregular
during blood
immunosuppression. vessels
 Risk factors:  Leak RBC
KSHV(Kaposi
sarcomaHerpesvirus)
or HHV-8 (Human Herpes
Virus-8)
HBV (Hepatitis B virus)
 400 million
infected worldwide

 Far east, south


east Asia, and
Africa
 Risk factors
 smoking
 superinfection
with Hepatitis D
virus

HBV (Hepatitis B virus)
HBV

Produce a viral
protein called HBx

Directs inactivation
of p53

Inhibition of
apoptosis
Cell immortalization
Conclusion

Thank
You !!
References
Kumar, Cotran, Robbins (2003): Basic
pathology
Cooper, M. G. (1995): Oncogenes
McCance, D. J. (1998): Human Tumor
Viruses
Haaheim, L.R., Pattison, J.R.,
Whitley,R.J. (2002): A practical
guide to clinical virology
Wyke, J: Viruses and cancer
Howley. P.M (2001): Viral
carcinogenesis
Fline, S.J (2000): Principles of virology
Neal, A.J. & Hoskin, P.J. (1997): Clinical
oncology
Gross, L (1983): Oncogenic viruses
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humant_papill
omavirus
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/hpv.html
www.rdoc.org.uk
http://www.cdc.gov
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_intraepithelial_neoplasia
http://adv.webmd.com/event.ng

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