Environmental Health of the Philippines

Cinco, DJ Daymiel, Floribeth De Guzman, Ray Dones, Donnah Gacutan, Mark

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The Philippines is prone to natural disasters, particularly typhoons, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis, lying as it does astride the typhoon belt, in the active volcanic region known as the Pacific Ring of Fire,.

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The Philippines also suffers major humancaused environmental degradation aggravated by a high annual population growth rate, including loss of agricultural lands, deforestation, soil erosion, air and water pollution, improper disposal of solid and toxic wastes, loss of coral reefs, mismanagement and abuse of coastal resources, and overfishing.

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According to Greenpeace SouthEast Asia, the Philippines major historical river, the Pasig River is now biologically dead due to negligence and industrialization.

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Currently, the Philippines' Department of Environment and Natural Resources has been busy tracking down illegal loggers and been spearheading projects to preserve the quality of many remaining rivers that are not yet polluted.

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 Primary responsibility for environmental protection rests with the National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC), under whose jurisdiction the National Environmental Protection Council (NEPC) serves to:
develop national environmental policies and the

Environmental Policies

Environmental Center of the Philippines implements such policies at the regional and local levels.

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The NPCC has established standards:

limiting automobile emissions but has lagged in regulating industrial air and water pollution.

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ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS OF THE PHILIPPINES ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND POLICIES Bio 425/426/427 (Environmental Issues and Policies)

P.D. 984 Pollution Control Law

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P.D. 1151 Philippine Environmental Policy

- defines the general policies on he pursuit of a better quality of life for the present and future generations and mandates the undertaking the environmental impact assessments for all projects, which may significantly affect the environment.

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P.D. 1152 Philippine Environmental Policy

- defines the policy objectives and the strategies for the various aspects of environmental management, such as air and water quality management, natural source development, land management, and waste management.

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P.D. 1586
defines the framework for the implementation
of the environmental impact assessment as the mechanism to reconcile the impacts of development projects on society and the physical environment.

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P.D. 389 (P.D. 705) The Forestry Reform Code

- codifies, updates and raises forestry laws in the country. It emphasizes the sustainable utilization of forest resources.

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P.D. 330 & P.D. 953

laws

on penalizing illegal cutting of trees

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 P.D. 953 & 1153 laws on tree planting

P.D. 331- laws requiring all public forests be developed on a sustained yield basis. P.D. 704 preservation of optimum productivity of fishery resources through conservation and protection

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 P.D. 1015 banning the operation of commercial fishing within a distance of 7 kilometers from the shoreline. P.D. 1058 increasing the penalties for illegal forms of fishing.

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 P.D. 1219 providing for the protection of coral ecosystems.

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P.D. 1067 Water Code of the Philippines

- adopts adequate measures to conserve and regulate the use of water in commercial, industrial and residential areas. - It also provides other policy guidelines in water quality and management of water resources

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P.D. 463 amended the Mining Act of 1936

- requires all mining leaseholders to comply with Pollution Control Laws and regulations and provide for penalties for noncompliance.

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P.D. 1198
reinforces this provision for restoration of mined-out areas to this original condition to the extent possible.

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P.D. 1251
imposes fines on tailings and mine wastes and the fund generated is used to pay for the damages to land, agricultural crops, forests products, aquatic resources and infrastructures caused by pollution for mining operations.

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 P.D. 984 The Pollution Control Law

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P.D. 1181 (supplements the provision of P.D. 984)

providing for the abatement, control and prevention of vehicular pollution & establishing the maximum allowance emissions of specific air pollutants from all types of vehicle.

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P.D. 600 ( amended by P.D. 979) Water Pollution Control - prohibits the discharge of oil, noxious
liquid substances, and other harmful substances into the countrys inland and territorial waters.

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P.D. 825
prohibits the improper disposal of garbage

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P.D. 856 Sanitation Code

- places the responsibility in the local government units for he solid waste management in his area of production.

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P.D. 1144
Control of Pesticides

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R.A. 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 - provides for a comprehensive air pollution control policy

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 R.A 3720 Food Additives R.A. 6425 Drugs R.A 280 Cosmetics

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R.A. 7160 Local Government Code of 1991

-provides that local government should share with the

national government the responsibility in the management and maintenance of ecological balance within their territorial jurisdiction subject to national policies and other pertinent provisions of the code.

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R.A. 6969 Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act
- authorizes the DENR to establish a program to regulate, restrict or prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, destruction, use and disposal of chemical substances, and mixture that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the environment.

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R.A. 8550 The Fisheries Code of the Philippines

- defines the policies of the state in the
protection, conservation and effective management of fisheries stock as well as identifying allowable fishing methods in Philippine coastal waters.

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R.A. 9003 The Solid Waste Management Act of 2001 an act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes.

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R.A. 9275- also known as the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 an act providing a comprehensive water
quality management and for other purposes.

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R.A. 9729 also known as the Climate Change Act of 2009

- an act mainstreaming climate change into
government policy formulations, establishing the framework strategy and program on climate change, creating for this purpose the climate change commission, and for other purposes.

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