Professional Documents
Culture Documents
How To
Cool…
“All the
flower,
children
were as
alike”
What actually burning.....
first aid
carpet
- Remove child from
smoke
- Ensure that child’s
airway is patent.
- Remove jewelry if any
- If it happen by
chemicals brush it off
reaming
- Cover burn area with
a clean dry sheeting
- do not apply cold for
large injury
HOW DEEP IT MAY BURNS...?
1st degree burn
Skin
Dry, no blisters. Minimal or no edema.
Erythematous. Blanches, bleeds
Pain
Very Painful
Depth
Epidermal layers only
Healing time
2-5 days with no scaring
2nd degree
Skin
Moist blebs, blisters. Underlying tissue is mottled
pink and white, with fair capillary refill. Bleeds
Pain
Very Painful
Depth
Epidermis, papillary, and reticular layers of
dermis. May include domes of subcutaneous
layers.
Healing time
Superficial: 5-21 days with no grafting. Deep
partial: 21-35 days with no infection. If infected,
converts to full-thickness burn.
3rd degree
Skin
Dry, leathery eschar. Mixed white, waxy, khaki,
mahogany, soot-stained. No blanching or bleeding
Pain
insensate
Depth
Down to and may include fat, subcutaneous
tissue, fascia, muscle, and bone.
Healing time
Large areas require grafting, but small areas may
heal from the edges after wks.
Children are
not little
adults
rule OF Palm or nine…?
The Rule of Palm’s
assumes that the palm size
of the patient represents
approximately 1% of the
TBSA. TBSA is then
estimated by
approximating the number
of “palms” it would take to
completely cover the burn.
Start
Parkland formula
Parkland formula is an
appropriate starting
guideline for fluid
resuscitation-4 mL lactated
Ringer/kg/% BSA burned-.
Half of the fluid is given
over the 1st 8 hr,
calculated from the time of
onset of injury. The
remaining ½ is given at an
What to apply for burnt skin…..?
If it burnt below
10% of BSA
0.5% silver nitrate
solution
Silver sulfadiazine
If above
30%...........?
Cover the wound
Grafting
Sodium supplement
Protein and electrolyte
supplement
Control infections
Covering of wound should be
made by sterile material
Isolate the child to prevent
cross infections
Use penicillin as prophylactic.
Periodic replacement of
central venous catheter.
Strict aseptic dressings
Topical anti microbial
Inhalation injury…..!
These may occur from
2. Direct heat
3. Acute asphyxia
4. Carbon monoxide
poisoning
5. Toxic fumes, including
cyanides from plastics.
HOW TO TREAT THIS……..?
Maintain patent
airway
Put naso-trachial tube
Oxygen therapy
Corticosteroids
Chest physiotherapy
What to do for pain….?
Adequate analgesics
Psychological support
Itching
Amputations
Osteoporosis
Sleep disorders
Depressions
Phobia
Renal failure
C.V disorders
So stop it before it happens….
Install and use smoke detectors
Control hot water to be reached to children