Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lecture
Arredondo et al (1994)
“although the lecture method is
used extensively in education,
academician often are not trained
in giving effective lectures.”
Traditional Lecture Vs.
Interactive Computer
Learning
Examine the
characteristics of a
lecture,
Offer suggestions
for planning and
delivering more
effective lectures,
and
Recommend ways
to evaluate
lectures.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LECTURE
METHOD
Have a poor
reputation
The lecture format
for large classes is
outdated and
ineffective
A one-way process
unaccompanied by
discussion,
questioning or
immediate practice
It is the instructor’s
point of view, and
the student’s need
for interaction with
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LECTURE
METHOD
Two-way No interaction
Communication One-way
Educator-student Communication
questions Few questions
Shared Dependability for
Responsibility information
Small group, No Student Activities
problem-solving No supporting media
activities Extensive note
Variety of supporting taking
media
Limited Note-taking
When to Lecture?
Lecture is appropriate
when:
Disseminating
information quickly to
a large audience
Presenting new
information before
using other media or
activities (e.g., a brief
lecture before playing
a videotape)
Providing an overview
of a topic
Arousing interest in a
topic
When not to Lecture?
Lecture is not
appropriate when:
Presenting complex,
detailed or abstract
information
Dealing with
information concerning
feelings and attitudes
Training in
psychomotor (hands-
on) skills
Teaching high-level
cognitive skills (e.g.,
synthesis and
evaluation)
Planning Interactive Lectures
Effective lectures do
not just happen—
they are planned.
The educator must:
q Establish the
purpose of the
lecture
q Consider the
logistics of the
lecture
q Plan a variety of
approaches (e.g.,
use of questioning,
media, small group
activities)
Purpose of the Lecture
Transferring
information from the
instructor to the
student.
Purpose should
describe in general
terms what the
students will learn
during the lecture. It
usually is not written
in measurable terms
An objective is a
precise and
measurable
statement
describing what the
student will learn by
Lecture Logistics
The instructor
should next consider
its length
The number of
participants
attending a lecture
has a significant
impact
The size and shape
of the lecture room
size and shape of
the lecture room
also influence the
design and delivery
Questioning Techniques
Introduction
Body
Summary.
Introduction
Core of the
information to be
transferred to the
students
The instructor use
brain-storming,
discussions,
problem-solving
activities, case
studies and games
to make the lecture
more interactive.
Lecture Summary
Serve as a script or
set of cues to
follow during the
lecture
Key words, phrases
and other
reminders
e.g., Audiovisual
cues, questions,
examples, notes
for activities
Uses of Lecture Notes
Standard sheets of
paper (full-page or
two-column)
Note cards
Overhead
transparencies
Flipchart pages
Slides
Computer-based
projections
Pages from a report,
text or manual
Presentation
Techniques
Use the lecture notes Exhibit enthusiasm about
prepared during the the topic
planning stage. Project the voice
Open the lecture with a Avoid the use of slang or
good introduction. repetitive words
Communicate on a Use a variety of
personal level.. audiovisual media
Maintain eye contact Provide positive feedback
with the students. Display a positive use of
humor
Smooth Transitions
A brief overview of
the next topic
A review of the
agenda between
topics
A change of media
An interim summary
before a new topic
An activity (case
study or problem-
solving activity)
Close the lecture
with a brief but
powerful summary.
Tips to Reduce Presentation
Anxiety
Thank you