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Industrial Psychology

Business &Industry ?

Business

Industry

A business can be defined as an organization that provides goods and services to others who want or need them

What is an Industry ?

Industry refers to the production of economic goods (either material or a service) within an economy or firms producing same type of product or using the same raw materials

An organized action of producing goods and services for sale or combination of firms using same raw materials to produce a product or enterprises in the same field
Industry

Psychology

Study of individual, their personality and group behavior.

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Nature of an Industry ?

4 Key Economic Areas


1 Primary Sector- mining & farming 2 Secondary Sector- refining, construction & manufacturing 3 Tertiary Sector - Services 4 Quaternary Sector Research and Knowledge 5 Quinary Sector - Non Profit Organizations

Nature of an Industry ?

3 Sectors

1 Private Sector 2 Public Sector 3 Cooperative Sector

Industries identified by product/Service:


Chemical industry Automotive industry Electronic industry Hospitality industry Food industry Fish industry Software industry Paper industry Retail Industry Entertainment industry.

OTHER CLASSIFICATION

Labour-intensive industry Capital-intensive industry Small industry Medium Industry Heavy industry

Scope of Industry

Employment Goods and Services Capital Generation Growth of the Economy Foreign Exchange Contribution to GDP
Application of advancement in Technology.

Fatigue

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Definition

Fatigue is temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work

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Causes of Physical Fatigue

Not getting Enough Sleep Working for Long Hours Chronic Diseases & other health Problems Poor Physical Conditions Lack of Exercises Obesity Stress due to Environment Side Effects of Medicines

Causes of Emotional Fatigue

Depression or Anxiety Hiding Emotions from Others A Major Life Change Work Place Stress

How it can be prevented ?


Adequate sleep or rest, particularly if working longer hours or doing more physical work. If overweight, begin a weight loss program after a physical exam by doctor. Walk or exercise regularly 3 or 4 times a week for at least 30 min Take vitamin and mineral supplements as recommended by health care provider.

Individual Differences

Physique

Skills

Individuals

Temperaments

Job Knowledge

Job-Knowledge

Job-

One or more duties which require the services of one employee to perform

Duty-A significant segment of work performed in a job ,usually


comprising several Tasks

Tasks- identifiable work activity which comprises a logical &


necessary steps in performance of a duty

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Job-Knowledge Job Description- Organised, factual Statement of duties


of a specific Job

Job Specification-Statement of Minimum acceptable


Human Qualities necessary to perform a job

Job Analysis- Process of studying and collecting Information


relating to the operations and responsibilities of a specific Job

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Matching

JOB

JOB Holder

ORG

Matching

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Training Gaps
Gap ( Training)

Existing level Of competence

Desired level of competence

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Physiological Differences

Visual, Height Weight Strength of Grip Hearing Movement of Fingers Movement of Legs Movement of Hands Voice Appearance

What is an Intelligence ?

Capacity for Learning ,Understanding, aptitude in Grasping, reasoning , abstract thought

Intelligence

Mental Ability Aptitude Knowledge Numerical Ability Power of Reasoning Language Scores in Tests

Interests

Introvert Extrovert Painting Acting Public Speaking Home and Family Politics Social

Personality

Personality may be defined as the sum total of behavior or sum total of all the qualities or characteristics that an individual has inherited and acquired by experience. P= F (HE) Where F is function H is hereditary characteristics E is Environmental learning's

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Big Five Personality Traits

Openness Conscientiousness Agreeableness Extroversion Neuroticism

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Openness
Big Five personality traits

Curious vs Cautious. Transparency Appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas,

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Conscientiousness
Big Five personality traits
Efficient/ Organized vs. Easy-going / careless.

A tendency to show self-discipline,


act dutifully, and aim for achievement Planned rather than spontaneous behaviour.

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Big Five personality traits

Agreeableness
Friendly / Compassionate vs.
Competitive / Outspoken). A tendency to be Cooperative rather than suspicious

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Big Five personality traits

Neuroticism
Sensitive / nervous vs. Secure / confident).

A tendency to experience unpleasant emotions, such as anger, anxiety, depression

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Big Five personality traits

Extroversion
Outgoing / Energetic vs. Shy / Reserved.
Positive emotions, and

The tendency to seek stimulation in the company of others.

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Extroverts & Introverts


Extroverts
Alert to their environment Mix with people Ups and down in mood Express emotions Impulsive in action Likes action Likes change Adapts readily

Introverts
Absent minded Avoid social Contacts Apparently even tempered Not Expressive Thinks before acting Likes reflection Dislikes change Not Easily Adaptable

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What is Learning ?

Learning is acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviours, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information.

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Learning

Cognitive learning Domain

Affective Learning Domain

Psychomotor learning Domain

Cognitive Learning

Psychomotor Learning

Affective Learning

What is an Perception ?

Perception is the process by which a human being interpret and organize sensation to produce a meaningful experience of the world. Sensation usually refers to the immediate, relatively unprocessed result of stimulation of sensory receptors in the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, or skin

Perception

Thinking differs Explanations differ Ability Differs Inspections differs Interpretation differs Understanding Differs Style Differs Speed Differs Vision Differs

Perception

Perception

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What is Attitude

A predisposition or a tendency to respond positively or negatively towards a certain idea, object, person, or situation

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Attitudes

Beliefs Stereotypes Prejudices Favorable or Unfavorable Disliking Satisfaction level Reactions

Motivation

Needs Analysis Motives curiosity Motive of power Prestige motive Learning Motive Social Motives Frustration Level Hygiene Level Achievement Recognition Growth/Advancement Interest in the job Conditions Salaries and Allowances Status Company policies

Motivation

Maslow

Drucker

Likert

Taylor

Argyris

Herzberg

McClelland

McGregor

Mayo

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