Team 19

AGENDA

Backdrop The Movement Open source Philosophy Motivation Legal aspect The future

BACKDROP

Traces back to very beginning of hacker culture Richard Stallman Resigned from MIT Free software movement GNU - GNU's not UNIX

Commercialization started from ERL lab at Stanford univeristy GNU/LINUX, Infancy period f Linux

GNU

LINUX kernel

LINUX OS

ADOPTION
Killer app for Linux Apache Cost effective and more efficient Specialization and distribution of Linux The Cathedral and the Bazaar, Eric S. Raymond Netscape, Mozilla Database Vendors joined

Windows? Thanks but no thanks!!

Contd
Formally Open source

1999 - Red hat became First Linux company to go public VA Linux systems Providing large scale computer servers and workstations

VA system's debut - shares sore to 697% Fastest growing server operating system in 2000 2nd in server market, 27% share, MS 41% 2001 shared source campaign by Microsoft

The Philosophy

Free speech not free beer!

9 rights given to users

Open Source Communities

Release early and often is a well-known mantra of open source development. Flow of information from any member to the centre The Free Software Foundation (FSF) The Linux Foundation The Mozilla Foundation The Oregon State University Open Source Lab

Open Standards

Smooth operation between different products or services from different parties or vendors.
Internet Networking and Applications/Services Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

FOSS with Propriety softwares

Open standards facilitate this flow of information

Free and Open source software (FOSS)

Propriety software

There is less chance of being Locked in Easy inter-operate and communicate with one another Offers better protection of the data files

Standard setting organizations

Bureau of Indian Standards

ANSI Other various national bodies

ISO

Motivation
Why do individuals take to open source?
Taxonomy of Individual Programmers' Motivation Motivation Area Micro Level Monetary Rewards Economic Low Opportunity Costs Gaining a Reputation among peers Gaining future career benefits Fun to Program (Love to code) Social Altruism (Gift Economy) Sense of belonging to the community Fight against Proprietary software Learning

Technological

Contribution and Feedback from the community

Working with a bleeding edge technology Scratching a personal itch

Motivation
Why do companies take to open source (Open source firms)?
Motivation Area Taxonomy of Firms' Motivation Macro Level Being independent of the price and license policies of large software companies Assuming the new model of software as a consumer-driven service (making money on contemporary services) Obtaining indirect revenues by selling related products Affording innovation ( by exploiting the R&D activity of the Open Source community) Hiring good IT specialists Conforming to the values of the OS Community Sharing code and knowledge with the community Thinking that software should not be a proprietary good Exploiting feedback and contribution from the OS community for testing and improving software Technological Exploiting feedback and contribution from the OS community for development costs and to improve the software Cutting hardware costs Promoting standardization Addressing security issues

Economic

Social

Legal aspects

The Need Protection against 3rd Party Patenting Licensing Mechanism - GPL - BSD

Proprietary

Fixing Responsibility

THE FUTURE!