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Final Design Presentation April 23, 2008 Kerri M. May Megerle L. Scherholz Christopher M. Watts
Overview
Introduction Process Background Design Process
Determination of Volume Pressure Drop Multiple Reactions Heat Effects
Introduction
Design of fixed-bed reactor Production of acrolein by partial oxidation
CH2 = CH - CH3 + O2 CH2 = CH CHO + H2O
Original design: ideal/isobaric/isothermal Final design: pressure drop, multiple reactions and heat effects Optimized using selectivity and gain
Process Background
Literature Operating Conditions (1,2)
Temperature (C) Pressure (atm) Percent Conversion Inlet Percent of Propylene (mol %) 2 Inlet Percent of Air (mol %) 98
250-450
1-3.4
85
Coolant Temperature
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
673K (390C)
227 J/W-m2-K (3)
Acrolein Water
Total
0 0
0.4804259982
0.0079407 0.0079407
0.480426
Gain
Assumptions:
Steady State Single-site oxygen adsorption Rate of oxidation of acrolein to carbon oxides is negligible compared to other rates
350C
0.5281 0.41 2.190.14 2.70.18 0.2730.21
375C
0.999281.33 3.860.37 2.940.31 0.4520.55
390C
1.460970.15 5.380.35 2.700.27 0.6280.71
ka
1073.975 (kmol-m3)1/2/kgcat-s
87.197232
k12
k13co2 k13co k14
631.754 (m3/kgcat-s)
0.00026 (m3/kgcat-s) 43401302 (m3/kgcat-s) 24.78652 (m3/kgcat-s)
77.074937
0 154.2247 71.1104734
Design Process
Reactor 1 Volume Volume (m3) Num. Tubes (1 Dia.) Reactor Dia. (m) Reactor Len. (m) Cat. Weight (kg-cat) 21696.1 N/A 13.6946 147.298 3.07 x 107 Reactor 2 Pressure Drop 4174.6 683600 21 12.05 5.91 x 106 Reactor 3 Mult. Reactions 22.51 17920 3.4 2.4792 31850 Reactor 4 Heat Effects 19.19 16880 3.3 2.24 27150
N/A
0.382188797 0.088895179 0.009342022 350 1 N/A 0.007953 85.13
3
0.3821888 0.08889518 0.000934202 350 3 0.37 0.0079428 85.02
5
0.4491963 0.0979275 0.0117625 390 3 7.97 0.0079426 84.99
5
0.439638 0.095847 0.011512 390 3 7.82 0.0079369 85.01
Optimization
Acrolein Selectivity
Greater at increased temperatures Improved when coolant and inlet temperatures are equal Higher pressure, higher selectivity
Optimization Continued
Gain
Greater at increased inlet temperature Independent of coolant and inlet temperature relationship
Optimization Conclusion:
Focus on selectivity opposed to gain
Final Design
Operating Conditions
Temperature- 390C Pressure- 3 atm
Reactor Configurations
Volume- 19.08 m3 Diameter- 3.4 m Length- 2.01 m Number of Tubes- 17920 (1 Dia.)
Conclusions
Reactor volume decreased with complexity increase Selectivity crucial to optimization Final model discussed would operate viably Changed reactor dimensions to optimize final design
Questions?
Works Cited
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Maganlal, Rashmikant, et al. Vapor phase oxidation of propylene to acrolein. 6437193 United States, August 20, 2002. Chemical Database Property Constants. DIPPR Database [Online]. Available from Rowan Hall 3rd Floor Computer Lab. (Accessed on 1/24/2008). LaMarca, Concetta, PhD. Chemical Reaction Engineering Design Project. February 2008. Chemical Engineering Department, Rowan University, Glassboro. Transient Kinetics from the TAP Reactor System: Application to the Oxidation of Propylene to Acrolein. Creten, Glenn, Lafyatis, David S., and Froment, Gilbert F. Belgium: Journal of Catalysis, 1994, Vol. 154. Chemical Database Property Constants. DIPPR Database [Online]. Available from Rowan Hall 3rd Floor Computer Lab. (Accessed on 1/24/2008). The reaction network for the oxidation of propylene over a bismuth molybdate catalyst. Tan, H. S., Downie, J. and Bacon, D. W. Kingston : The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1989, Vol. 67 Physical Properties Data Compilations Relevant to Energy Storage. II. Molten Salts: Data on Single and Multi-Component Salt Systems. G.J. Janz, C.B. Allen, N.P. Bansal, R.M. Murphy, and R.P.T. Tomkins Molten Salts Data Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NSRDS-NBS61-II, April 1979 The kinetics of the oxidation of propylene over a bismuth molybdate catalyst. Tan, H. S., Downie, J. and Bacon, D. W. Kingston : The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1988, Vol. 66
8.