DISASTER MANEGEMENT

G9

DISASTER
Any such occurrence or incident which effects human life badly and seriously is termed as Disaster. or In other a disaster is a very serious accident which is mostly associated with loss of life, grievous (severe) injuries and heavy loss or damage to property.

ACCIDENT
Any occurrence which may cause delays to trains or loss to the Railway, is termed as Accident.

WE WISH THAT ACCIDENTS SHOULD NOT TAKE PLACE

BUT WE SHOULD BE IN PREPAREDNES TO MEET THE SITUATION IF AN UNFORTUNATE ACCIDENT OCCURS

 INDIAN RAILWAYS ALSO HANDLES THE RESCUE OPERATIONS IN CASE OF AN ACCIDENT WHERE AS IN OTHER COUNTRIES RESCUE & RELEIF WORK IS HANDLED BY CIVIL AUTHORITIES RAILWAYS JOB IS TO CLEAN & RESTORE THE TRACK FOR TRAFFIC

DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN IR MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS CONSTITUTED A HIGH LEVEL COMMITTEE VIDE BOARDS ORDER NO:ERB-I/2002/23/44 Dt.16.09.2002
TO REVIEW THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN IR TO GIVE RECOMMENDATIONS

TO STRENGTHEN THE SYSTEM

MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE

MEMBER MECHANICAL / RB CONVENER MEMBER TRAFFIC/ RB - MEMBER FINANCIAL COMMISSIONER/ RB - MEMBER DIRECTOR GENERAL / RAILWAY HEALTH SERVIC - MEMBER DIRECTOR GENERAL /RAILWAY RAILWAY PROTECTION FORCE - MEMBER

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR/SAFETY/RB IS THE SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE

TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE COMMITTEE

TO REVIEW THE EXISTING DESASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVER IR RELATED TO TRAIN ACCIDENTS & NATURAL CALAMITIES AND TO SUGGEST IMPROVEMENTS TO IDENTIFY ADDITIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL & MANAGERIAL INPUTS TO QUICKEN THE PACE OF RELIEF & RESCUE OPERATIONS

TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE COMMITTEE TO INSTITUTE A STANDING ARRANGEMENT WITH OTHER CENTRAL MINISTRIES, STATE GOVERNMENTS & ARMED FORCES TO ENABLE QUICK & SMOOTH RESTORATION OPERATIONS WITHOUT ANY LEGAL OR PROCEDURAL HURDLES.

IMMEDIATE ASSISTANCE
THE VICTIMS OF RAILWAY ACCIDENTS GET IMMEDIATE HELP FROM FELLOW PASSENGERSPARTICULARLY THOSE QUALIFIED IN FIRST AID & DOCTORS IN THE TRAIN RAILWAY OFFICERS/STAFF ON TRAINAS PER RAILWAY SERVICE CONDUCT RULES THE IR OFFICERS/STAFF ARE EXPECTED TO ASSIST THE ACCIDENT VICTIMS

IMMEDIATE ASSISTANCE
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGES/TOWNS, CIVIL AUTHORITIES, NGOs ETC AUTHORIZED RAILWAY RESCUE & RELIEF TEAMS THIS IS EFFECTIVE IN URBAN AREAS & VISCINITY OF URBAN AREAS BUT NOT VERY EFFECTIVE IN REMOTE AREAS DUE TO LACK OF COMMNICATION& LACK OF ACCESSIBILITY ETC

SAFETY ORGANIZATIONS

SAFETY ORGANISATION SET-UP

OFFICERS IN CONTROL OFFICE

Sr. DOM
Sr. DCM

Sr. DEN
Sr. DME

Sr. DME

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SAFETY ORGANISATION SET-UP A) Under ministry of civil organization CCRS (Chief commissioner of Railway safety) Lucknow.

CRS (Commissioner of Railway safety) Mumbai, Calcutta, New Delhi, Lucknow, Bengalor, Secunderabad. B) Under Railways
Railway board. Zonal Railways Headquarter.
Division.

PRE-CRISIS STATE

PRECRISIS STATE CHCKLIST

Personnel equipment and communication systems should be in efficient working order.

Proper upkeep of ART/ARMV.

Availability of first aid boxes and training of staff in first aid.

Inspections

and

surprise

checks

to

ensure

availability, adequacy and effectiveness of system. Trial runs and mock drills. Updated list of officials of Railways, civil, military, police private and state medical facilities, Ambulances and fire fighting facilities and LPG marketing representatives.

ACCIDENT RELIEF TRAINS

THE ACCIDENT RELIEF TRAINS OF IR TAKES TWO TO THREE HOURS TO REACH THE SITE OF ACCIDENT, MORE IN SOME CASES DUE TO LONGER DISTANCE FROM ITS LOCATION & OTHER FACTORS.

SUGGESTIONS
THE COMMITTEE SOUGHT SUGGESTIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS DIRECTLY FROM VARIOUS SOURCES SUCH AS GMs, DRMS, AIRF, NFIR, FROA, IRPOF ETC. A WEB SITE http://www.indianrailways.gov.in WAS ALSO SET UP TO RECEIVE SUGGESTIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS FROM RAILWAYMEN & PUBLIC

INFORMATION FROM DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF OTHER ORGANIZATIONS

THE COMMITTEE CONSULTED WITH GSDMA-GUJARAT STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY ARMY/NAVY/AIRFORCE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS FOR IMMEDIATE ASSISTANCE FROM BSNL/MTNL STATE GOVT. HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS FOR MEDICAL HELP

GOLDEN HOUR
THE FIRST HOUR WHICH BEGINS THE MOMENT THE INJURY OCCURS. MOST TRAUMA PATIENTS CAN BE SAVED IF THE BLEEDING IS EFFECTIVELY STOPPED AND THE BLOOD PRESSURE IS RESTORED WITH IN THE GOLDEN HOUR IT IS LIKELY THAT PATIENTS WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED THE SHOCK & REMAIN IN THE STATE OF SHOCK FOR LONG DURATION WILL DIE. SURGICAL INTERVENTION WITH IN THE GOLDEN HOUR IS CRUCIAL FOR INCREASING THE PATIENTS CHANCES OF SURVIVAL

BASIC STEPS FOR QUICK RESCUE & RELEIF OPERATIONS

RAPID ACCESS TO THE SITE OF ACCIDENT QUICK EXTRICATION OF VICTIMS EFFECTIVE ON SITE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT. STABILIZATION OF CONDITION EXPEDIOUS EXTRACTION & SHIFTING TO HOSPITALS SPEEDY TRANSPORTATION TO HOSPITALS

IR
OVER 63000 ROUTE KM AROUND 7000 STATIONS IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO KEEPRESCUE & RELEIF EQUIPMENT & MAN POWER AT EACH AND EVERY STATION AT PRESENT THERE ARE 174 ARMVs - ACCIDENT RELEIF MEDICAL VANS 185 ATRs - A CLSS, B CLASS, SELF PROFELLED ACCIDENT RELIEF TRAINS

ARMVs & ARTs

ARMV COVERS AN AVERAGE RADIAL DISTANCE OF MORE THAN 150 KM. ARMV SHOULD LEAVE WITHIN 20 MINUTES OF RECEIVING INFORMATION ABOUT AN ACCIDENT REMOTE LOCATED AREAS THE RELEIF TRAIN MAY TAKE MORE TIME MORE OVER IN CASE OF MAJOR ACCIDENTS, ONE OR TWO ARMVs MAY NOT BE SUFFICIENT

TYPES OF DISASTERS
1. Natural: Occurs due to effects of nature. Examples: Floods, Cyclones, Tsunami, Earth quacks, etc,. Minimisation / Elimination: By prediction well in advance.

TYPES OF DISASTERS
2. Man made: Made by the human beings. Examples: Chemical, Nuclear, Sabotage, Agitation, Miscreant activities, Riots, etc,. Minimisation / Elimination: Minimized by careful consideration of all the facts.

TYPES OF DISASTERS
3. Equipment failure: Wear & tear, Poor quality, Untimely and improper maintenance and replacement, Overburden of maintenance. Minimisation / Elimination: By proper and timely maintenance.

DISASTERS IN RAILWAYS
Disaster in Railways are train Accidents, Involving, Loss of life and / or grievous injuries, Heavy loss of damage to property, Interruption to through traffic for a considerable time.

CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS IN RAILWAYS

1. COLLISSIONS: 2. LEVELCROSSING GATE ACCIDENTS: 3. FIRE / EXPLOSION:

DUTIES OF OFFICIALS

CONTINUE
Protection of traffic.

Convey information.
Officials of all departments to report to senior

most official acting as disaster manager (groups).

Take help of doctors on train, ascertain casualties and render first aid to the injured, assist passengers with compassion and care.

CONTINUE
Ascertain prima facie cause and convey more

details to control clarifying magnitude of accident and

relief and rescue measures and men and material

required.
Confiscate records, Preserve clues, Record

preliminary statement and obtained cost of damages.

CONTINUE
Ensure continuous manning telephone with a logbook. of emergency

If sabotage suspected not to disturb anything at site till permitted by police, except for rescuing the injured. Plan and organize transportation of traffic.

DUTIES OF DRIVER AND GUARD AT ACCIDENT SITE

Communication from the site of accident is to be established as soon as an accident takes place. For this purpose, drivers of all trains shall be provided with portable control telephones. Portable control telephones shall be 2 wire type in overhead communication territory, 4 wire type in underground cable territory, and shall be of 2 wire / 4 wire type wherever a train passes through both overhead communication and underground cable territories or 2 wire / 4 wire type may be used over both type of territories.

CONTINUE

As soon as an accident occurs, driver/asst. driver shall establish communication with the portable control telephone by hooking on to the overhead lines / plugging into the emergency sockets, so as to establish communication with control office.

DUTIES OF DRIVER AND GUARD AT ACCIDENT SITE

In addition to drivers being provided with passenger carrying trains are also provided with portable control phones of the types mentioned above. Guard of the passenger carrying train shall also establish communication with control office as soon as an accident occur. He should contact the nearest station and intimate about the accident.

NEED FOR COMMUNICATION ARRANGEMENTS AT ACCIDENT SITE

Communication arrangements at accident site is very much needed for rescue and restoration activities during the occurrences of unusual incidents/ accidents. The real need is to set up audio visual communication facilities from the disaster site in quickest possible time to ensure availability of comprehensive information in an on line and real time manner.

COMMUNICATION ARRANGEMENTS AT ACCIDENT SITE

It is the duty of telecom staff to make communication arrangements at accident site, as soon as they receives the accident information. They should proceed to the site with in Additional means of communication shall be provided progressively within the shortest possible time as under: 1. Provision of Railway telephone / telephones. 2. Provision of BSNL telephone / telephones.

CONTINUE 3. Mobile phones wherever network coverage exists. 4. Where cell phone coverage exists, cell phones available with officers and with ART shall be used. 5. Arrangements for sending pictures of accident spot to Railway Board / Zonal / Divisional HQ, using e-mail. 6. Video coverage to Railway Board / Zonal Railway / Divisional Headquarters.

TELECOM EQUIPMENTS IN ART

On the basis of 30th TCSC meeting a list of minimum essential Telecom equipments to be kept in Accident Relief Trains (ATRs) duly approved by Railway Board has been prepared and circulated to all Zonal Railways vide RDSOs letter NO.STT/WL/ARRO/224 dt.28.8.2003. Accident Relief Train (ART) are located at strategic location of each divisional and are provided with Telecommunication equipment for providing additional facilities as under:

TELECOM EQUIPMENT IN ART

Sl.No 1 2.(a) b 3 Inspection Book Magneto Telephone Dry cell large 1.5 V each for magnet telephones ITEM Specified quantity 1 No. 4 nos. 12 Nos

PVC Insulated, PVC sheathed twin core cable 500 Mts

4
5 6.a b c

Microphones (cordless) for PA system

Loudspeakers, horn type 5/10 Watts Transistorized Amplifier minimum 20 W power out put & Operating voltage 12 V 12V Storage battery for (6a) Appropriate battery charger for (6b)

2 Nos
2 Nos 2 Nos 2 Nos 1 No

TELECOM EQUIPMENT IN ART

7 8 9 10 11.a b 12 Megaphones transistorized min 10 W each complete with battery. Portable stand for loudspeaker with adjustable height 1,5 to 3 Mtrs. Field Service cable Push button Auto Telephones Walki-Talki sets 5W VHF with 100% spare batteries. Battery chargers for 11(a) Multimeter 3 Nos 2 Nos 1000M 4 Nos 30 Nos 100% 1 No

13

Extension board for mains power supply

4 Nos

TELECOM EQUIPMENT IN ART

14 15 16 a. b. c d. e. Hand torch of 3 cells complete with Dry cells. Jointing kits & materials required for cable or Over Head lines. Tool Box containing Soldering Iron- 10 W /220V&65W Long nose plier Cutter diagonal Box spanner Hammer steel 4 Nos 2 Nos

1 No 1 No 1 No 1 No 1 No

TELECOM EQUIPMENT IN ART

f. g. Hammer wooden Adjustable spanner 1 No 1 No

h.
i. j.

Screw driver- 6
Screw driver- 12 Mains tester

1 No
1 No 1 No

k.
l. 17

Electrical insulation tape

Resin core Tape recorder (cassette type)

1 No
500 gms 2 Nos

TELECOM EQUIPMENT IN ART

18 19 20 21 Control way station equipment DTMF type Cellular phones SAT phone FAX machine 2 Nos 4 Nos 2 Nos 1 No

22
23

Auto dialing system

Map showing sections of track where cell phone coverage area.

1 No
1 Set

SPECIFIC EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR NON-RE AREA

1 2W Emergency Telephone 2 Nos

Telescopic pole of minimum 6 Mtrs height with its bracket opening space at least 350mm

2 Nos

Over head control alignment chart 1 No

SPECIFIC EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR RE AREA

1 4W Emergency control telephone with plug and dry cells(1.5 Veach0 2 Sets

Tapping transformers: 1120:1120 2 Nos & 1120:600 Terminating transformers 1120:470 2 Nos

PRECAUTIONS
1. 2. Adequate space shall be provided in ART for housing all the equipments with locking arrangements for sensitive equipments The Telecom equipments shall be properly housed to avoid the equipment rolling off during the movement of ART. Adequate packing shall be provided for sophisticated equipments like satellite phones, walki-talki sets, FAX machine, PA system equipment etc. Sophisticated equipments shall not be stacked one above the other unless packed in proper protective boxes and arrangements are provided to secure them properly.

3.

CONTINUE
1. Arrangements shall be made for extending power supply for charging batteries for PA system, VHF batteries etc. 2. For stationary charging batteries, regular power supply shall be made available near to the ART location, where it is normally stationed. Power supply board with minimum 15 sockets for walki-talki sets have to be provided.

GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR MAINTENANCE OF ARTs

ARTs are provided with equipment as detailed in section D. The equipments are to be periodically tested to ensure their satisfactory working at all times. Testing / Inspections shall be carried out as under Complete testing by ART nominated staff : once in 15 days. Inspection by ASTE/DSTE: once in 3 months. Inspection by Sr.DSTE/DSTE: once every year.

ADDITIONAL FACILITIES AT ACCIDENT SITE

a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) PA system shall be established for making announcements. Megaphones shall be given as per need at site. Walkie -Talkie sets shall be distributed as per need. Magneto communication as required at site, Communication through satellite phone shall be established. Multi channel system equipment. WLL phone. FAX / E-Mail shall be established wherever communication media is available.

GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR MAINTENANCE OF ARTs

A register is to be maintained in the ART for making entries for testing of equipment (Section -D) Whenever the ART returns from accident spot, equipments are to be immediately checked for their proper working. Any short fall / missing equipment should be replaced with good working equipment at the earliest. All equipments having shelf life, viz. jointing kits, torch cells etc., shall be replaced in due time.

STAFF 7 TEIR RESPONCIBLITY

Every ART shall have nominated telecom staff. The incharge shall generally be SE/JE and shall be assisted by 2 Telecom Maintainers and 3 Khalasi Helpers / Khalasis. The nominated staff shall test the ART equipment as per schedule and ensure satisfactory working of all equipments. The nominated staff shall respond immediately whenever an accident takes place and proceed by ART to the site of accident. The nominated staff shall be responsible for establishing communication as detailed in immediately on reaching the site of accident.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR TESTING OF ART EQUIPMENT

All active devices shall be tested for their satisfactory operation. Charging of batteries shall be carried out as per requirement. The requirement may vary depending on the battery and the self-discharge characteristics of the battery. Wherever feasible, batteries shall be separated from the equipment and protected properly to minimize the selfdischarge. Primary cells viz., torch cells shall be replaced as soon as deterioration in performance is observed. In any case, the cells shall be replaced at interval not exceeding one year.

CONTINUE
Leak proof cells only shall be used. Detailed guidelines are given below: While inspecting the telecom equipments in ART, the following guidelines related to the equipments shown against them may be observed.

GUIDE LINES FOR TESTING OF ART EQUIPMENTS

1.

Portable Telephone Set: a) Check for any physical damage to the phone, wires, cords and the plug. (Pole and connecting bracket in the case of 2W PT set). b) Condition of dry cells; change if due. c) Quality of speech both way. .

CONTINUE
2.

Magneto Phones: a) Check for any physical damage to the phones & wires. b) Condition of dry cells; change if due. c) Quality of speech both way. d) Ring Test. e) Check FS cables continuity & insulation

GUIDE LINES FOR TESTING OF ART EQUIPMENTS

3. Megaphones: a) Condition of dry cells; change if due. b) Quality of speech and condition of volume control. c) Working of the Siren. 4. P.A. System: a) Functional Test. b) Quality of reproduction of the amplifier. c) Condition of mike cords. d) Condition of Loud Speaker wires. e) Functional test in the case of cordless mike. f) Condition of standby battery 12V.

GUIDE LINES FOR TESTING OF ART EQUIPMENTS

5. Walkie Talkie sets: a) Functional test. b) Quality of speech. c) Condition of battery. d) Battery swapping after charge. 6. 25W VHF set: a) Physical check of set, antenna, feeder, mike and battery cord b) Functional test. c) Condition of 12V storage battery

GUIDE LINES FOR TESTING OF ART EQUIPMENTS

7. Way Station Control Equipment: a) Functional test (Ring & Speech). 8. Auto Dialler: a) Functional test. 9. Fax Machine: a) Physical check. b) Functional test. 10. Cassette Tape Recorder: a) Functional test. b) Condition of dry cells; change if due.

GUIDE LINES FOR TESTING OF ART EQUIPMENTS

11. Checking of Records: a) Availability of all material as per check list. b) Inspection book for record of inspections. c) Record of charging of storage batteries & walkie-talkie batteries. d) Record of replacement of dry cells.

ARRANGEMENTS AT DISASTER MANAGEMENT CONTROL ROOMS AT HEADQUARTERS / DIVISIONS

The following facilities shall be available in the disaster management control rooms at headquarters and divisions: a) BSNL Phones 2 Nos with ISD facility. b) Railway Telephones 3 Nos with STD facility. c) Fax Machines 1 No. connected to BSNL lin and 1 No. connected to railway line. d) Facility to extend section control to the disaster management control. The concerned section control in whose jurisdiction the accident takes place, shall be connected..

ARRANGEMENTS AT DISASTER MANAGEMENT CONTROL ROOMS AT HEADQUARTERS / DIVISIONS

e) Hot line between Headquarters and divisional disaster management control rooms shall be provided. f) Important telephone numbers of hospitals / doctors /officials of state and district administration and other important functionaries be kept ready.