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Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements Technical Overview

Internet Technologies Division November 2004

Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Agenda
Introduction Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements (SLA) Overview Use Cases for Cisco IOS IP SLAs Cisco IOS IP SLAs for VoIP Cisco IOS IP SLAs for IP/MPLS

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VPNs with IOS-based Managed Services


Security
With Cisco IOS Firewall & Intrusion Prevention System

Routing Management
With Cisco IP SLAs
Corporate Intranet Local or Direct Dial ISP

With Cisco Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

SP Converged IP/MPLS Network MPLS to IPsec/PE

PE

Remote Users/ Telecommuters


Provider Networks Internet

Head VPN B Office

PE Cable/DSL/ISDN ISP Branch Office Remote Access


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Business Partner Corporate Extranet


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SLAs for IP/MPLS Networks


Cisco IOS IP SLAs operations measure per VPN Allows measurements from a PE to CE routers

SP Converged IP/MPLS Network


Measure Either CEPE or CECE Links P Router

Cisco Exclusive

CRS-1

Enterprise Site 1

Measure Either CE PE or CECE or PE-PE Links

Enterprise Site 2

Service Provider: Improved and flexible SLA management Enterprises: Access to comprehensive SLA reports
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Advantages


VPN
SLAs are essential to VPN services Quality of Service (QoS)based measurements Revenue for differentiated services Brings IP service customer confidence

VoIP
Demonstrate how VoIP is working Deploy with confidence Enhanced customer satisfaction Metrics useful for trouble shooting & and reducing down time

Business Applications
Assure delivery with network performance Meet business objectives with guaranteed service levels Assure network quality of service Reduce downtime

Key Services Benefit from Cisco IOS IP SLA


I
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III
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Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements: A New Direction


Cisco solution that assures IP service levels, proactively verifies network operation, and accurately measures network performance
Comprehensive hardware support Committed Cisco partner support

Cisco IOS Software, the worlds leading network infrastructure software


Enterprise and Small Medium Business Service Providers

Understand Network Performance & Ease Deployment


Access

Verify Service Levels Verify Outsourced SLAs


Enterprise Premise Edge

Measure and provide SLAs


Service Provider Core

Enterprise Backbone

Service Provider Aggregation Edge

Cisco IOS Software


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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Understanding IP Service Levels


Optimize IP business applications and services
Voice over IP, Video, and VPN

Reduce total cost of ownership End to end service level measurements

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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Benefits


OPTIMIZED APPLICATIONS & SERVICES Performance visibility Prove service levels Enhance Customer satisfaction Enhance acceptance of businesscritical services REDUCED TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP AND OpEx Reduce deployment time Lower mean time to restore and downtime Proactive identification of issues enforces higher reliability

Continuous Predictable Reliable

Measurements and Metrics

Automated Intelligence Proactive

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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Life Cycle


Baseline network performance Verify network readiness for new services with Cisco IOS IP SLA capabilities. Understand network performance baseline Confidence to deploy new IP services and applications

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Quantify results
Reduce deployment time Prove service and application differentiation Verify service levels Reduce network down time Manage demand for the network

Assure application and service deployment

Fine tune and optimize Ongoing measurements to understand behavior with proactive notification

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Comprehensive Hardware Support


Enterprise & Aggregation/Edge Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2S Core

Cisco 7200 Series

Cisco 7300 Cisco 4500 Series Series

Cisco Catalyst Cisco 10000 6500; Cisco Series 7600 Series

Cisco 12000 Series

Access Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.3T and 12.4


Cisco 2900, 3550, & 3750 Series

Cisco 800 Cisco 1700 Series Series


Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

Cisco 2600 Series

Cisco 7200 & Cisco 3700 7300 Series Series

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Example: Multi-Protocol Measurement and Management with Cisco IOS IP SLAs


Applications
Availability Network Performance Monitoring VoIP Monitoring Service Level Agreement (SLA) Monitoring Network Assessment Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Monitoring Trouble Shooting

Measurement Metrics
Round Trip Time Packet Loss Network Jitter Dist. of Stats

Connectivity

Protocols
Jitter FTP DNS DHCP DLSW ICMP UDP TCP HTTP LDP H.323 SIP RTP Radius Video

Defined Packet Size, Spacing COS and Protocol


Cisco IOS Software

IP Server IP Server

Source

IP SLA
Cisco IOS Software

MIB Data Active Generated Traffic

Destination
Cisco IOS Software

IP SLA

IP SLA
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

Responder
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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Uses and Metrics


*DATA TRAFFIC Minimize Delay, Packet Loss Verify QoS REQUIREMENT IP SLA MEASURMENT *VoIP Minimize Delay, Packet Loss, Jitter *SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT Measure Delay, Packet Loss, Jitter One-way *AVAILABILITY Connectivity testing **STREAMING VIDEO Minimize Delay, Packet Loss

Jitter Packet loss Latency per QoS

Jitter Packet loss Latency MOS Voice Quality Score

Jitter Packet loss Latency One-way Enhanced accuracy NTP

Connectivity tests to IP devices

Jitter Packet loss Latency

Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

* Currently available **Limited availability in 9/04; complete in CY05


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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Leading Performance Measurements


Cisco IOS IP SLA has been the most popular way to measure performance statistics (ie: latency, jitter, packet loss, and MOS) because:
Simplicity of solution, as compared to other technical solutions High level of confidence
The packets are controlled

Cost scalable
Dedicated probes are not required

Cisco IOS IP SLA responder increases measurement accuracy


Not possible with ping or other dedicated probe testing

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UDP Jitter Operation Example


= IP SLA UDP Jitter test packet Operation 1 destination IP 10.0.0.1 = IP SLA UDP Jitter test packet Operation 2 destination IP 20.0.0.1

Interval Frequency

Number of Packets

Time
UDP Jitter default settings: Frequency = 1 minute Interval = 20 milliseconds Number of Packets = 10
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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Source and Responder


Source Router
Cisco IOS Software router that sends data from operation Cisco IOS Software may or may not be the target Some operations require the target to run the IP SLA responder Stores results in MIB Configuration for each operation (destination) device

Responder
Responds to IP SLA packets at destination User defined UDP/TCP ports IP SLA Control Protocol MD 5 Authentication Accurate measurements

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UDP Jitter Operation Packet Stream


Send train of packets with constant Interval Receive train of packets at Interval impacted by Network

IP Core
IP SLA Responder

Per-direction inter-packet delay (Jitter) Per-direction packet loss Average Round Trip Delay
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
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Add a receive time stamp, and calculate delta, the processing time.

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Responder
Source Router Target Router
Responder T1 T2 T3 T4 D = T3 - T2

The Responder takes 2 Timestamps (T2 & T3)

Responder factors out destination processing time making results highly accurate Responder allows for one-way measurements for latency, jitter, packet loss, and MOS
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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Reaction Conditions


Reaction Trigger to Events
Can send SNMP traps for certain triggering events:
Connection Loss and Timeout Round Trip Time Threshold Average Jitter Threshold Unidirectional packet loss, latency, jitter, MOS Scores
Trigger Immediate Consecutive X of Y times Average Exceeded

Can trigger another IP SLA operation for further analysis


Threshold Violation

Alert

No Alert

Threshold Violation

Alert

100 ms

50 ms Time
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Threshold violation

Resolution
Cisco Internal Use Only 18

Availability
Feature/Release ICMP Echo ICMP Echo Path SSCP(SNA) UDP Echo TCP Connect UDP Jitter HTTP DNS DHCP DLSw+ SNMP Support UDP Jitter One Way Latency FTP Get MPLS/VPN Aware Frame-Relay (CLI) ICMP Path Jitter APM
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

11.2

12.0(3)T

12.0(5)T 12.0(8)S

12.1E

12.1(1)T 12.2

12.2(2)T

12.2(11)T (Infra2)

12.2(14)S

12.2(25)S

X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Partners


Cisco Network Management Solution
Cisco IP Solution Center Internetworking Performance Monitor MPLS VPN and SLA Monitoring Enterprise performance measurements

THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS

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CISCO IOS IP SLAs USE CASES

Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

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SLA Verification and Management


Customer obtains from Service Provider:
Availability QoS Jitter SLAs

Service Provider needs visibility in the Customer Edge, in order to commit to SLAs Enterprise will verify SP SLAs by using access router edge to edge measurements
Enterprise may provide restricted Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) (RTT, Latency, QoS) visibility into Access router for Service Provider Service Provider with restricted access can report SLA as a service back to the enterprise

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Network Monitoring
Cisco IOS IP SLA answers the following question:
What is the jitter, latency, or packet loss between any two points in the network?

IP Services can be simulated by specifying various packet sizes, ports, class of service, packet spacing, and measurement frequencies Uni-directional and highly accurate measurements Measurements per class of service to validate service differentiation for data, voice, and video Cisco IOS IP SLA will identify an edge to edge network performance baseline and allow the user to understand trends and anomalies from the baseline

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IP Network Readiness
Network assessment tool built into Cisco IOS Software Simulate IP Services and verify how well they will work in the network How well is QoS working in the network predeployment

Post deployment continued verification of network performance per IP service

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Availability Monitoring
Cisco IOS IP SLA uses proactive monitoring for periodic, reliable, and continuous availability measurements Connectivity measurements from Cisco router to router or Cisco router to server Threshold notifications when end point is not available
What is the availability of a Network File System (NFS) server used to store business critical data from a remote site ? Cisco IOS IP SLA UDP active measurement to specific server ports is used to test remote site to server connectivity If server is unavailable, then traps can notify the network management system

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Troubleshooting with Cisco IOS IP SLAs


Proactive notification of problems and issues based on threshold alerts Testing edge to edge consistently and reliability will save time in finding and pin pointing network performance problem areas Secondary activation of path operation (ie: path jitter) or activation of operations at a higher frequency to isolate and verify problem areas in the network

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CISCO IOS IP SLAs FOR VoIP

Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

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IP SLAs for Voice over IP


VoIP may be difficult to deploy when the network behavior is not well understood
Cisco IOS IP SLAs will verify network readiness and QoS

Measure critical performance for VoIP deployment


Real time warning of network performance degradation IP SLA is universally available across Cisco IOS Software routers

Standard jitter, Packet loss, latency measurements


Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

Voice quality score measurements

Call setup measurements

Hardware-based VoIP measurements


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Cisco IOS IP SLAs for VoIP


Voice quality measurements between any two network points on any path Continuous, reliable, predictable performance monitoring Cisco IOS IP SLAs thresholds and hop-by-hop details isolate problems

IP SLA Network to Server Measurements IP SLA WAN Measurements


A A

PSTN

IP WAN Headquarters
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

Branch IP SLA End to End Measurements

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Cisco Internal Use Only

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Cisco IOS IP SLAs for VoIP Features


November 2003 (Release 12.3(4)T)
VoIP Codec Simulations using Cisco IOS IP SLA active monitoring Voice Quality Scoring

March 2003 (Release 12.3(7)T)


New Threshold traps, one-way packet loss, jitter, latency and MOS

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CISCO IOS IP SLAs FOR IP/MPLS

Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04

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Cisco IOS IP SLAs Example United States, Service Provider


QoS BANDWIDTH PER AAPP Max 75%

IP CLASS OF SERVICE Priority Voice Traffic Real-Time Traffic Video Priority Data Traffic Best Effort Traffic

ONE-WAY DELAY < 80 ms

THROUGHPUT Packet loss < 5% less Packet loss < 3% Packet loss < 2% No target

JITTER

< 35 ms

< 80 ms
< 100 ms No target

60%
30% No target 10%

Jitter: telephony and multi-media conferencing Packet Loss: telephony, multi-media conferencing, streaming media, low latency data Delay: telephony, multi-media conferencing, streaming media

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VPN SLAs and Performance Measurement


Cisco IOS a leader in IP/MPLS How to measure an SLA within a specific VPN?
Cisco IOS IP SLA operations are vrf-aware and measure an SLA per VPN Allows measurements from a PE or multi-vrf CE router Releases 12.2(2)T, 12.2(20)S, and 12.0(26)S
10.10.10.1

10.11.10.1 (PE)

10.12.10.1

CEs with VRFs Red, Blue and Yellow.

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References
Cisco IOS IP SLAs
www.cisco.com/go/ipsla

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