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May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 48 of 56
Cross-Sections Near Bridges
0.5
c
ob
2
ob
c1
c2
n
n
0.19
Q
Q
1.86
F
F
0.333 1.4 CR
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May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 49 of 56
Cross-Sections Near Bridges
Rule of Thumb:
ER = 2:1
CR = 1:1
May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 50 of 56
Bridge Cross Sections
May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 51 of 56
Bridge Cross Sections
May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 52 of 56
Bridge Cross Sections
Example Computation of Le and Lc
HEC-RAS 2.0
Given: Fully expanded flow top width at Cross Section 1 = 300 feet
Fully expanded flow top width at Cross Section 4 = 250 feet
Distance from Point B to Point C (bridge opening width) = 40 feet
Find: Recommended locations of Cross Sections 1 and 4
Le = 2 * (300 40) / 2 = 260 feet downstream of bridge
Lc = 1 * (250 40) / 2 = 105 feet upstream of bridge
This assumes ER=2 and CR=1
May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 53 of 56
Expansion & Contraction Coefficients
Contraction Expansion
No Transition 0 0
Gradual Transition 0.1 0.3
Typical Bridge Transition 0.3 0.5
Abrupt Transition 0.6 0.8
May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 54 of 56
Bridge Modeling
Expansion and Contraction Coefficients
at the 4 cross-sections for a bridge (example)
Expansion Contraction
Cross-Section 4 (furthest US) 0.5 0.3
Cross-Section 3 0.5 0.3
Cross-Section 2 0.5 0.3
Cross-Section 1(furthest DS) 0.3 0.1
May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 55 of 56
Ineffective Flows
At XSs 2 & 3
May, 1999 HEC-RAS FY99 56 of 56
The End