SOLARIS VOLUME MANAGER

SVM
Each

disk slice has its own physical and logical device. File system cannot span more than one disk slice The maximum size of file system is limited to the size of the single disk. Here we can create the virtual volumes. it means disk partitions are grouped across several disk to appear as single volume to operating system.

SVM
RAID concept was introduced at the university of California at Berkeley in 1987 by David Patterson, Garth Gibson and Randy Katz.

Software
Sun

8 - Solatice disk suite Sun 9, Sun 10 - SVM Third party tool Veritas

RAID STANDARDS
RAID RAID RAID RAID RAID RAID RAID RAID RAID

0 1 0+1 1+0 2 3 4 5 6

- Striping or Concatenation - Mirroring - Striping with Mirroring - Mirroring with Striping - Hamming code correction - Striping with dedicated party disk - Independent reads and writes - Striping with distributed parity - RAID 5 with second parity calculation

 RAID

levels 2,3,4 and 6 not available with Solaris volume manager software. These RAID levels are not commonly implemented in commercial applications. Raid 0+1 and RAID 1+0 are not RAID levels. But are abstrations composed of more than one RAID levels.

Features of RAID
Large

disk support Availablity Performance

Concatenation (RAID 0)

Partition 10 mb Svm software

Volume 20mb

Partition 10 mb

Disk concatenation
It

combines multiple partition to create a large volume. The Data is Spread over multiple disk and multiple partition.( one by one) No redundancy It can contains disks slices of different sizes because they are merely joined together.

Striping (RAID 0)
Interlace1 interlace3 10 mb Svm software

Volume 20mb

Interlace2 interlace4 10 mb

Disk Striping
A

feature used to increase read and write performance by spreading data requests over multiple components The component making strip must all be same size.

Mirror (RAID 1)
Data1 Data2 10 mb Svm software

Volume 10mb

Data1 Data2 10 mb

Disk mirroring
A

feature used to guard against failure. Any file system can be mirrored, including root, swap and usr. Required twice disk same capacity.

Striping with distributed parity (RAID 5)

Interlace1 Interlace4 Parity 2,3 10 mb Interlace2 Interlace 5 Parity 1,3 10 mb Interlace 3 Interlace 6 Parity 1,2 10 mb RAID 5 D2 20% mb

 Create

RAID 5 volume with a minimum of three slices Use same disk size The pattern of writing data and parity results in both data and parity spread across all the disks in the RAID 5 volume Parity protect against a single disk failure.

RAID 0+1

RAID 1+0

Diskset A grouping of two hosts and disk drives in which all the drivers are accessible by both hosts. This feature provides facilities for hosts to share disks in high availabilty environment

FEATURE

RAID 0 CONCAT RAID O ENATION STRIPE RAID 1

RAID 5

Reduntant data Improve read performance improve write performance

No

No

Yes depends on underlying device

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

Factors

RAID 1

RAID 5

NON-Redundant

writes opertions

Faster

Slower

Neutral

Random read

Slower

Faster

Neutral

Hardware cost performance during failure

Highest

Higher

Lowest

Best

Poor

Data loss

 Volume

A volume or metadevice , is a group of physical slices that appear to the system as a single, logical device. A volume is used to increase storage capacity and increase data availability solaris 10 svm can support to 8192 logical volumes per disk set, but default support 128 logical volumes, namely d0 to d127.

State database A state database is database that stores information about the state of the svm configuration.Each state database is a collection of multiple, replicated datebase copies. Each database copy is referred to as a state database repilca.svm cannot operate untill you have create the state datebase and the repilcas. You should create at least three statedatebase repilcas when using svm because the validation process requires a majority.(half+1)of the state database to be consistent with each other before the system will start up ccorrectly.

 Soft

partition

A soft partition is a means of dividing a disk or volume into as many partition as needed. Overcoming the current limitation of eight. This is done by creating logical partitions with physical slices or logical volumes.

 Desk

set

A diskset is a set of drivers containing state datebase repilcas, volume , and hotspares that can be shared exclusively, but not at the same time , by multiple hosts. If one host fails, another host can take over the failed hosts disk set, this type of fallover configuration is reffered to as a clustered environment

 Hot

spare

A hot spare is a slice that is reserved for use in case of a slice failure in another volume , such as a submirror or RAID 5 metadevice. It is used to increase data availablity.

 Hot A

spare spool

hot spare poll is a collection of hot spares. A hot spare poll can be used to provide a number of hot spares for spares for specific volumes or metadevices.

 metaclear

Used to delete metadevices and can also be used to delete hot spare spool. Metadb used to create and delete the state datebase and its replicas.