Travel Medicine

Penyakit yg sering terjadi: Amoebiasis Angiostrongyliasis Avian Influenza Anthrax Brucellosis Chikungunya Cholera Coccidioidomycosis Dengue Diphtheria Giardiasis

Haemorrhagic Fevers Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Hantavirus Diseases Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis E Histoplasmosis HIV/AIDS and other sexually-transmitted infections Human Papillomavirus Influenza (Avian Influenza/Seasonal Influenza and Influenza A (H1N1)

Japanese Encephalitis Legionellosis Leishmaniasis (cutaneous, mucosal and visceral forms) Leptospirosis (including Weil disease) Listeriosis Lyme Borreliosis (Lyme Disease) Lymphatic Filariasis Malaria Measles Meningococcal Disease Mumps Onchocerciasis Pertussis Plague

Pneumococcal Disease Poliomyelitis (Polio) Rabies Rotavirus Rubella SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis) Tetanus Tick-Borne Encephalitis Trypanosomiasis (African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) / American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)) Tuberculosis (TB) Typhoid Fever Typhus Fever (Epidemic louse-borne typhus) Varicella Yellow Fever

 Persiapan

utk travelling:

Mengidentifikasi risiko setiap individu Informasi yang tepat dan akurat Intervensi utk mengurangi risiko: vaksinasi, obat-obatan, perlengkapan medis pribadi

Perilaku yang sering terjadi pd saat travelling: - Berbeda dengan yang biasa dilakukan di rumah seperti: sex, alkohol, makanan yang tidak terjaga dll

Pada Anak-anak: - Menurunnya data tahan tubuh sering sakit - Profil penyakit yg berbeda dengan dewasa - Perbedaan dosis vaksinasi

Kelompok yang berisiko: 1. Wanita hamil 2. Anak anak 3. Manula 4. Turis yg bepergian terlalu lama 5. Adanya penykt jantung dan paru 6. Diabetes 7. HIV 8. Gangguan sistem imun

Penyakit yg terjadi krn perbedaan ketinggian: - Mountain sickness - Udem paru - Udem cerebral Biasanya terjadi pd ketinggian yang ekstrim

Penyakit yg terjadi krn cuaca panas: - Kejang - Dehidrasi Terjadi bila terpapar panas >2 minggu Melakukan aktivitas fisik min 60 menit

Risks in Travel Non Communicable

Aircraft

travel, reduced O2, pressure and humidity Motion sickness Jet lag Altitude

Heat/cold/humidity Sunburn Water

safety Accidents and injuries Animals and Insects

Risks in Travel Communicable

There are many potential diseases spread via: Food and water Insects vectors Soil and water Sexual contact Body-fluid exposures

Travellers Should Remember

The

risk of sexually transmitted Infections is higher when we travel Alcohol and drugs can lead to unwanted and unprotected sex Always practice safe sex Always carry condoms

Communicable Disease Risk for Travellers

Dengue Malaria HIV Chikungunya Avian

influenza Schistosomiasis

Communicable Diseases Vaccine Preventable

Hep A and B Typhoid Yellow fever Cholera Diphteria/tetanus/pertussis MMR Varicella Influenza Japanese Encephalitis Meningitis Plaque Polio Rabies Tick-borne encephalitis Tuberculosis

Medical Travel Kits

Essential items for all travellers
Items

Additional items for Europe, USA, Japan

Antinauseants,

to treat cuts, scratches, burns, strains, splinters Paracetamol Repellent Consider condoms

eg prochlorperazine Broad-spectrum antibiotic for respiratory infection Antacids Minor sedative Laxative

Medical Travel Kits

Additional items for less developed countries (gastro kit)
Rehydration Loperamide Tinidazole Norfloxacin-or

Comprehensive medical kit; Asia, Africa, and South America

All

solution

azithromycin for children

of the above Sterile needles and syringes, Alcohol swabs Antihistamines Antifungal and antibiotic cream

Terima kasih