Types of Oil Circuit Breaker

Bulk Oil Circuit Breaker

1) Plain break oil circuit breaker 2) Arc control oil circuit breaker
Minimum Oil Circuit Breaker

ARC CONTROL OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

Types:
i) Self Blast oil circuit breaker a) plain explosion pot

b) Cross-jet explosion pot

c) Self compensated explosion pot ii) Forced Blast oil circuit breaker

PLAIN EXPLOSION POT

It is a rigid cylinder of insulating material and encloses the fixed and moving contacts as shown in fig. The moving contact is a cylindrical rod passing through a restricted opening called throat at the bottom. When fault occurs the contacts get separated and an arc is struck between them. The heat of the arc decomposes oil into a gas at very high pressure in the pot. This high pressure forces the oil and gas through and around the arc to extinguish it. Limitation of this type of pot is that it cannot be used for very low or very high fault currents. So this pot is used on moderate short circuit currents only where rate of gas evolution is moderate.

CROSS JET EXPLOSION POT

SELF COMPENSATED EXPLOSION POT

This pot is a combination of plain explosion pot and cross

jet explosion pot. So it can interrupt low as well as heavy short circuit currents. It has two chambers upper chamber act as cross jet explosion pot Lower chamber act as plain explosion pot

FORCED BLAST OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

In this type of circuit breaker there is a piston attached

to a moving contact. When fault occurs the moving contact separates. The piston forces a jet of oil towards the contact gap and extinguish the arc. Oil pressure developed is independent of fault current.

MINIMUM OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

MINIMUM OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER (Cont.,)

Supporting Chamber: 1. 2. 1.

2.
1. 2.

It is a porcelain chamber mounted on a metal chamber It is filled with oil which is physically separated from the oil in the circuit breaking compartment. Circuit breaker chamber: It is also a porcelain enclosure mounted on the top of supporting compartment. It has upper and lower fixed contacts, moving contact, turbulator. Top Chamber: It is a metal chamber and mounted on circuit breaker chamber. It provides expansion space for oil in the circuit breaker compartment.

Advantage:
It required lesser quantity of oil
It required smaller space There is reduced risk of fire. Maintenance problems are reduced.

Disadvantages:
Due to smaller quantity of oil, the degree of

carbonisation is increased. There is a difficulty of removing the gases from the contact space in time. The dielectric strength of oil reduced rapidly due to high degree of carbonisation.

Maintenance of oil circuit breaker

Check the current carrying parts and arcing contacts.
Check the dielectric strength of the oil Check the insulation for possible damage. Check the oil level Check closing and tripping mechanism.

AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER

Types
Axial blast air breaker Cross blast air breaker

Axial blast air breaker

CROSS BLAST AIR BREAKER