APPLICATIONS OF ENZYMES

INDUSTRY 1. Dairy Renin

ENZYME

APPLICATIONS Manufacture of cheese Cheese ripening and Icecream manufacture. Biscuit and Pastry making

Lipases 2. Food Proteases

Amylases- and , invertase,glucose isomerase

Papain Pectinase and cellulase 3. Detergent Proteases

Production of glucose, maltose and high fructose syrup.

Tenderization of meat Reduce viscosity and increase in juice yield. Removes stains and dirt

Amylases
Cellulases 4. Baking -amylase Proteinase

Removes stains and dirt

Washing cotton fabrics Production of bread, buns and rolls. Biscuit manufacture

5. Brewing

and amylase and glucanase Amyloglucosidase and proteinases

Alcohol production Production of low calorie beer and remove cloudiness during storage. Desizing and binding agents on threads of certain fabrics to prevent damage during weaving

6. Textile

and amylase

Glucoamylase
Glucose isomerase 7.. Molecular Biology Polymerases

desizing
Fructose syrup Polymerise DNA or RNA chain against other DNA or RNA templates or matrices Cuts double-stranded DNA and RNA chains. Link together DNA strands in places of double strand breaks.

Restrictases DNA ligases

8. Leather 9. Pharmaceutical and medical

Trypsin Penicillin G/V acylase Glucose isomerase Trypsin Pancreatic trypsin amylases, lipases and proteases Asparaginase and glutaminase

Removes hairs from hides and skins to increase softness Production of semisynthetic pencillins. Fructose syrup Dissolving blood clots Treatment of inflammations. Digestive disorders Leukemia

Ribonuclease
Rhodonase -Lactamase Streptokinase and Urokinase

Antiviral agent
Cyanide poisoning Pencillin allergy Treatment of the disorders of blood circulation

10. Medical diagnostics

Enzymes
1. Heart diseases CPK

Normal Value

Conditions in which enzyme levels are altered

AMI, Muscular dystrophy

4-60 IU/L

SGOT
LDH 2. Liver diseases SGOT SGPT ALP

8-40 IU/L
60-250 IU/L

MI, Muscle diseases, liver diseases

AMI, Acute hepatitis, Leukemias, Per.anaemia, muscle diseases. MI, Muscle diseases, liver diseases Acute hepatitis, Jaundice Obstructive jaundice,Acute liver diseases,Bone diseases, Rickets,Pagets disease AP, Mumps, peptic ulcer, Intestinal obstruction AP, PU, Cirhosis, Pancreatic carcinoma

8-40 IU/L 5-35 IU/L 3-13 KA units

3. GI Tract disorders
Serum Amylase Serum Lipase 80-180 somogyi uints 9-20 IU

4. Muscle diseases Aldolase CPK 5. Bone diseases ALP 3-13 IU/L Obstructive jaundice,Acute liver diseases,Bone diseases, Rickets,Pagets disease 2-6 IU 4-60 IU/L Muscular dystrophy, Acute MI, DM, Leukaemia. AMI, Muscular dystrophy

6. Enzymes in malignancies

ACP

0.6-3.1 KA units

Gauchers disease,Pagets disease, hyper parathyroidism, thrombocytosis, prostatic carcinoma

AMI, Acute hepatitis, Leukeamias, Per.anaemia, muscle diseases. Liver cell carcinoma, Cirrhosis and viral hepatitis.

LDH Leucine amino peptidase

60-250 IU/L 15-56 IU

11. Analytical Reagents

Glucose Oxidase

Glucose in blood and body fluids

Uricase

Serum Uric acid

Urease

Urea in blood and body fluids