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MITOSIS
&
MEIOSIS
6
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MITOSIS
MITOSIS
WHAT IS MITOSIS?
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as e
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G
ase
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Pr
Anaphas
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Metaph
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Mitosis
M
Spindle assembly checkpoint
if chromosome is not aligned
properly mitosis will not occur
MITOTIC STAGES
PROPHASE
• Formation of new cell plate between the daughter cells, which eventually
becomes new plasma membrane between the daughter cells.
The word "meiosis"
comes from the Greek
verb meioun, meaning
"to make small,"
A process of
reductional division in
which the number of
chromosomes per cell is
cut in half.
Prophase I takes the most time.
Chromosomes begin to condense.
Cell is 2N (diploid) and 2
chromatids/chromosomes (like before
mitosis).
Synapsis occurs: homologous
chromosomes pair, their DNA aligns.
Crossing over may occur:
chromosomes exchange homologous
loci (between homologous pairs). The
point of crossing over is called the
chiasma.
Homologous chromosomes
align at cell equator to
form tetrads.
Chromosomes are pulled to
either side of the dividing
cell; one of each pair is pulled
toward each pole.
The nuclear envelope
may form again.
Two daughter cells are formed.
Nuclear envelope
disperses
Chromosomes align between poles
Chromatids segregate.
The former sister chromatids
have reached the poles. A
nuclear envelop is formed
around each nucleus, while
chromosome despiralize
again.
After cytokinesis, four
daughter cells are formed.
Comparing Meiosis and
Mitosis
Chromosome behavior
•Mitosis: Homologous chromosomes
independent
•Meiosis: Homologous chromosomes pair
forming bivalents until anaphase I
Chromosome number
•Mitosis- daughter cells diploid
•Meiosis- daughter cells haploid