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Literal Meaning:
The basic concept implied by the root word, 'abd, is that of acknowledging someone other than oneself Holding supremacy or enjoying over lordship Abdicating one's freedom and independence in big favor, of relinquishing any resistance to or disobedience Surrendering oneself totally to ones authority Its not slavery or bondage which tantamount to similar status, the sense conveys to the mind of Arabs is of this very factor, namely, Slavery / Bondage
In Fiqh
The Arabic word ibadah ( )or ibada has connotations of obedience, submission, and humility. In Islam, ibadah is the ultimate obedience, the ultimate submission, and the ultimate humility to Allah (God) along with the ultimate love for Him. Ibadah is the reason for the existence of all humanity.. Following Islamic beliefs and practices its commands, prohibitions, the halal, and the haram. Ibadah cannot be forced upon another person
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Concept
Classical Concept It includes anything refined for elites in the form of worship, flattery, gifts etc Any thing meant for Holy Royal Brhaman in Hinduism Confession in Christianity Leading congregation of Hajj in Islam
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Modern Concept:
Rituals: Prayer, fasting, Ganga Ashnan, Idolatry etc Thoughts: Prophet S.A.W used to worship in Cave Hira. Ibadat of Hazrat Ibrahim A.S related to thoughts. Experience:Self denial, love, Chilla, Mediation Wajjadh, Tasawuf,Zikar etc Amer Bil Maroof wa Nahi En-el-Munkir Social Work: Sadka-e-Jaria Human rights- Haqooq-ul-Ebad Truth and Truthfulness
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Cont.
Islamic concept of Ibada is beautiful mix of all definitions of ibada. As Allah said in Holy Quran The Quran says:
Infradi-o-Ijtamai fwayid
Collective and Individual Benefits
Individual Reimbursements
Individual benefits: Faith or belief in the Oneness of God Fulfillment of basic purpose of life Nourishment of Self (Nafs) Hatred for evil Cause the mercy of Allah Self purification Sense of Responsibility
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Collective
Spirit of Brotherhood Equality Realization of others pain Foundation of healthy society Implementation of Shariah Development of values Strength of social relations Social development Social betterment/welfare Spirit of mutual help
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Some objectives
Namaz was declared as farz on 10 hijri Roza was declared as farz on 2 hijri Zakat was declared as farz on 2 hijri (9 hijri rules)
Zakat
Concept
Purity, Tazkiya Three important constituents
Rate, Time, threshold
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Nature
Wealth & precious Metals Agri-Production Live stock 2.5 %
Rate
Time
Annual
Threshold
Equivalent of 7.5 Tola Silver No Minimum thresholh 40 Goats, 5 Camels, 30 Cows
10% of irrigated On every 5% of Arid yield Goats 1/40, Camels 1G/5C, Cows 1/30 Annual
2.5 % 20%
FUNCTIONS OF ZAKAT
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Socio-Economics Effects
Circulation of Wealth Reduction in Poverty (Umer-bin abdul Aziz and Saladin) Economic Prosperity Reduction in Unemployment Increase in Investment Increase in consumption (Y= C+ S)
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Take, [O, Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and invoke [ Allah 's blessings] upon them. Indeed, your invocations are reassurance for them. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing. 9-103
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Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy and for those employed to collect [zakah] and for bringing hearts together [for Islam] and for freeing captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and for the cause of Allah and for the [stranded] traveler - an obligation [imposed] by Allah . And Allah is Knowing and Wise. 9-60
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And He it is who causes gardens to grow, [both] trellised and untrellised, and palm trees and crops of different [kinds of] food and olives and pomegranates, similar and dissimilar. Eat of [each of] its fruit when it yields and give its due [zakah] on the day of its harvest. And be not excessive. Indeed, He does not like those who commit excess. 6-141-inaam 23
And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler, if you have believed in Allah and in that which We sent down to Our Servant on the day of criterion the day when the two armies met. And Allah , over all things, is competent. 8-41-infiaal
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They ask you, [O Muhammad], what they should spend. Say, "Whatever you spend of good is [to be] for parents and relatives and orphans and the needy and the traveler. And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allah is Knowing of it."
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[Charity is] for the poor who have been restricted for the cause of Allah , unable to move about in the land. An ignorant [person] would think them self-sufficient because of their restraint, but you will know them by their [characteristic] sign. They do not ask people persistently [or at all]. And whatever you spend of good - indeed, Allah is Knowing of it. 2-273
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