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ELEVATORS hoisting mechanism Two Types: Electric & Hydraulic Electric E. tall buildings/DC motor operated Hydraulic E. plunger (antennaeic/movable rod) ELEVATOR TRACTION MACHINES 1. Gearless spun and worm 2. Geared gear and worm Electric E. : cable Hydraulic E: plunger
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Car/Cab load carrying unit Cable rope; 4 - 6 in no. Drive machine power unit Counterweights balances the weight/40% of capacity load Guide Rail - bracket Shaft/Hoistway hatchway/hatch Penthouse machine room above hoistway Elevator Pit from sill level of the lowest landing Control Equipment electrical panel
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Control Panel electrical panel; controller Motor Generators (Motor Control);Generator Field Control
governs acceleration, speed, retardation, stopping of elevator
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Guide Shoes Compensating Chain welded-link chain for hoist rope weight
compensation Buffer stops descending car or counterweights beyond normal limit of travel Governor mechanical speed control mechanism Secondary Sheave pulley on a gearless machine Safety large clamp; anchors the car to the building
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Car/Cab Plunger inside movable part of a hydraulic jack Spring Buffer elev. w/ speed less than 200 fpm Guide Shoes guide the car along the guide rails Guide Rails Shaft/Hoistway Elevator Machine Room Elevator Pit Control System
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Floor Stop and Limit Switch Creepage and Leveling Car Switch Car Gate Switch Gate Valve Controller Motor & Pump with Tank
ESCALATOR
The angle of inclination of an escalator shall not exceed 30 from the horizontal (NBC Sec.1302)
32 wide 90/min. (normal) 48 wide 120/min. (rush hours) MAJOR PARTS
1. TRUSS welded steel frame 2. SPROCKET ASSEMBLIES 3. DRIVING MACHINES 4. BALLUSTRADE ASSEMBLY 5. HANDRAILS 6. ENDLESS BELT
ESCALATOR
OTHER PARTS
1. Tracks
2. Emergency Brake 3. Controller 4. Emergency Stop Button 5. Key Operated Control Switches
ARRANGEMENT 1. Crisscross 2. Parallel
Heating, Ventilating & Air Conditioning (HVAC) process of treating air to control its temperature
TYPES OF AC: 1. WACU thru the wall 2. Split Type (Condenser & Evaporator) 3. Centralized (Ducting/Mechanical Room)