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Cell cycle
Cells divide to produce new cells
Hela cells
2. cytokinesis
G1 Phase
Synthesis of nucleotide nucleotides are monomer of nucleic acid, consists of a nitrogenous bases, a sugar, and a phosphate group
Genes polymers of nucleotides specific sequence of nucleotides Genome- totality of genes of an organism Chromosomes- linear sequence of genes
G2 Phase Synthesis of alpha and beta tubulins Synthesis of protein for processing chromosomes Synthesis of enzymes for nuclear breakdown
STAGES OF MITOSIS
1. Prophase.
Stage of chromosome shortening and thickening
Events:
1. Disappearance of nuclear membrane 2. Appearance of spindle fibers 3. Appearance of chromosomes 4. Chromosomes attachment to the spindle fibers
Metaphase plate
Molecular mechanism of chromosome segregation. At the metaphaseanaphase transition, APC/CCdc20 ubiquitinates securin. Degradation of securin activates separase. Separase then cleaves the Scc1 subunit of cohesion, allowing chromosome segregation. In response to sister-chromatid not properly attached to the mitotic spindle, the spindle checkpoint promotes the assembly of checkpoint protein complexes that inhibit the activity of APC/C, leading to the stabilization of securin, preservation of sister-chromatid cohesion, and a delay in the onset of anaphase
TELOPHASE
Cytokinesis
Thank you.
Ross D. Vasquez