Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

HIV and AIDS

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

Name Position

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

What is HIV and AIDS?

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a retrovirus that causes HIV infection. Its entrance into the body lowers the immunity (body defense system) or the ability to fight off disease.

HIV Infection is the successful entry of HIV in the human host, weakening the immune system and leading to a spectrum of diseases.

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

What is HIV and AIDS?

AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is a condition characterized by a combination of signs and symptoms, caused by HIV contracted from another which attacks and weakens the bodys immune system, making the afflicted individual susceptible to other life threatening infection.

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

HIV is transmitted by?

Having unprotected sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal or oral), with someone who is HIV positive. Unprotected, penetrative sex accounts for 80% of total exposures to the disease worldwide;

Having a transfusion with infected blood;

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

HIV is transmitted by?

Sharing syringes and needles with someone who is HIV positive for drugs and tattoos or other skin piercing tools such as razor blades and surgical instruments for circumcision or scarification. Mothers to their unborn babies and through breastfeeding.

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

HIV is NOT transmitted through?

Kissing Casual contacts or handshakes Sharing living quarters, eating or drinking with an infected person Mosquitoes and bed bugs.

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

HIV is transmitted through the following body fluids:

Blood Semen Vaginal/Cervical Fluids Breastmilk

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

Stages of the HIV Disease?

Stage I: PRIMARY INFECTION
The patient starts experiencing flu-like symptoms

Stage II: ASYMPTOMATIC ILLNESS

The patient may remain well for years

Stage III: SYMPTOMATIC ILLNESS

The patient experiences mild symptoms such as lack of energy, nights sweats, etc

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

Stages of the HIV Disease?

Stage IV: ADVANCED DISEASES (AIDS) The patient experiences opportunistic infections from bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal, protozoal, viral and malignant sources that can cause any of the following:
Swollen glands Mouth infections Brain infections Skin diseases Lung diseases Loss of weight

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

HIV Detection & Testing?

HIV can be detected through the following tests:
Antibody test - an indirect test measures the response of ones body to the presence of HIV

Antigen test - a test that directly measures the virus

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

HIV Detection & Testing?

HIV Testing is voluntary, confidential and anonymous, with pre and post-test counselling. The window period for testing is 6 months from the last exposure with HIV.

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

The A-B-C-D-E of AIDS Prevention?

A Abstinence

B - Be faithful (having a mutual monogamous relationship)

C - Careful Sex (No exchange of body fluids) D - Dont share needles/ sterilized needles E - Education and Information

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

Is there a cure for HIV & AIDS?

There is NO vaccine and NO cure for HIV. Antiretroviral medication (ARVs) may only slow down the replication of the virus.

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

Global Situation
Our World is in the epicentre of a vicious HIV and AIDS epidemic There are more than 40 million people living with HIV and AIDS all over the world

9 out of 10 people infected don't know that they are carrying the HIV virus

Philippine Red Cross

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

Philippine Situation
In May 2012, there were 273 new positive individuals. This was a 48% increase compared to the same period last year ( n=184 in 2011). 96% were males. 51% of the reported cases were from NCR 1,305 new cases for 2012 (January to May) 9,669 total cases reported since January 1984 to May 2012

Philippine Red Cross

Demographic Data Total Reported Cases Asymptomatic Cases AIDS Cases Males Females Youth 15 24yo Children <15yo

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

July 2006

May 2012 273 261 12 261 12 76 1

Jan May 2012 1,305 1,243 62 1,243 62 365 4

Cumulative Data : 1984 - 2012 9,669 8,627 1,042 8,133 1,525 2,282 62

Deaths due to AIDS

352