Central Management System and SNMP

Contents

• Why Network Management

• General Aspects on Network Management

• SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

• Basic Function of SNMPFunction of Network

• Management via SNMP MIB Management Information Base

Why Network Management

 Increasing network sizes need for navigation and monitoring tool

 Increasing usage of intelligent hubs, bridges, routers, switches

etc. to build structured networks complex and difficult to
configure units have already integrated managment

 Reduction and prevention of system downtimes

 Fast and adequate reaction

 Supervision of the whole network from a central point

Network Management - Existing Solutions

 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

 TNM (Telelecom Network Management)

 SDH Management (via management bits in SDH protocol)

 propriatry solutions (e.g. PANDATEL NMS based on VT100 terminal

emulation)
SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol

 Basic idea: Network Management via Network itself

 Using transport layer UDP and network layer IP with

SLIP, PPP, Ethernet as transport medium / layer

 Requires additional intelligence in network equipment

 Unique network address (IP address) of each unit that is to be

managed
 SNMP - Use of OSI Layers

Etherne
t
Switch
SNMP
Master SNMP
Agent

Applicatio
n Mmgt. Application
e.g.HPOV GET Resp.
GET SET Resp.
SET TRAP

Session SNMP MIB II Enterprise SNMP MIB II Enterprise

MIBs MIBs
Transport UDP UDP
Network IP IP

Physical SLIP / PPP Ethernet SLIP / PPP Ethernet

&
Link Serial link 10BaseT, Serial link 10BaseT,
10Base2 10Base2
SNMP - Basic Function

At least 2 components are

needed:

 Network Equipment including SNMP Software

 AGENT 

 Management Station including Management Software

 DOS PC or UNIX Workstation 
SNMP - Communication

GET
SET

TRAP

SNMP SNMP
Agent Ethernet
Master Switch

Ethernet
(10BaseT, 100 BaseT)
SNMP - Inband Management

SNMP SNMP
Agent Ethernet
Master Switch
GET / SET, TRAP

Ethernet
(10BaseT, 100 BaseT)
SNMP - Outband Management

GET / SET, TRAP

Serial link (SLIP /

PPP)
Ethernet (10BaseT)

SNMP SNMP
Agent Ethernet
Master Switch

Ethernet
(10BaseT, 100 BaseT)
SNMP - General Tasks of the Network Mmgt. Station

 Configuration Management

 Network Statistics

 Error Management

 Security Management

Practical
 Requests data from the agent

 Sends configuration data to the agent

 Reacts on Traps
SNMP - General Tasks of the Agent

 Controls the managable unit(s)

 Gathers information from the unit and delivers these to the

Mgmt. Station on request

 Generates Traps in case of unusual events

SNMP - MIBs

 Database which contains all objects (variables)

needed to control SNMP units

 Aim: A general database which is independent from any protocol

 Tree structure

 Syntax: Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)

SNMP - MIBs

Global MIBs

 Implemented in all SNMP agents and management systems

 Contain general objects

Private MIBs

 Contain specific objects of certain manufacturers

 Contain specific objects of certain units

 Are delivered with the agent in order to provide complete

management functionality
SNMP - MIBs

MIB ID:

 Any table (object) and any column / row of these tables has a unique
name
and a MIB ID No. inside the MIB tree

 With the MIB ID No. a unique path through the MIB tree
is given e.g. all PANDATEL tables can be found under 1.3.6.1.4.1.760
SNMP - General MIB Tree
PANDATEL Management - VT100 Basic Function FO
RS485
G.703
FH/FL
HDSL
VT100 GM-H
Management
Station GM-S
Serial RS232 BM-Z
RS485
link
Mmgt.
Card FH/FL

GM-H
RS485 GM-S

BM-Z RS485
Sub
Card FH/FL

GM-H
RS485
GM-S

BM-Z
Sub
Card
PANDATEL Management - Universal Rack System
PANDATEL Management - Active Management Components
PANDATEL Management - VT100 Basic Function
PANDATEL Management - VT100 Basic Features

 Menu-driven VT100 management

 Management of up to 48 rack cards and their remote units

maximum 96 units

 DCE RS232 control port protected by password

 Dial-up functionality

 Standard management functions (e.g. loops, BERT)

 Special management functions according

to specific unit (e.g. CRC4, line speed adaption)
PANDATEL Management - VT100 Special Features

Event storage of last 256 system events (FIFO)

 Line status up / down
 I/F status up / down
 AIS
 Loop activation / deactivation

Bit-Error-Rate Testing
 Local unit generates bit pattern ( 2 x 10-15 )
 Remote unit is set to line loop
 Local units generates bit-error report

Dial-up functionality
 Management card can be accesed via dial-up lines ( with dial-up
modem)
 Management card can be programmed to dial specific number in
case of alarm
PANDATEL Management - VT100 Special Features

SNMP basic setup

 IP Address (e.g. 192.168.10.1)
 Subnet (e.g. 255.255.255.0)
 Five levels of access (SNMP = communities) protected by different
passwords
 Serial interface parameters (e.g. 9600 baud, 8 bit, no parity)
 Up to 20 TRAP receivers can be programmed
PANDATEL Management - SNMP Basic Function FO
RS485
G.703
SNMP FH/FL
SLIP / PPP or Ethernet HDSL
SNMP GM-H
Management
Station GM-S

BM-Z
RS485
Mmgt.
Card FH/FL

Translation GM-H
RS485 GM-S

BM-Z RS485
Sub
Card FH/FL

GM-H
RS485
GM-S

BM-Z
Sub
Card
PANDATEL Management - SNMP Basic Application
PANDATEL Management - SNMP Special Features

Management Interface
 RS232 for SLIP or PPP with dial-up functionality
 10BaseT for Ethernet protocol

Security
 Five different levels of access protected by different passwords
 Definition of up to 20 TRAP receivers

Management Functions
 same functionality as VT100
 enhanced alarm (TRAP) messages
 enhanced supervision of line and I/F signals (e.g. RTS, DCD, AIS)