CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Deforestation- clearing of forests by cutting trees and using that land for other purposes Q. 5 (d) What are the causes and consequences of Deforestation. Clearing land for Agriculture; Building houses and factories, Making furniture or using wood as fuel

Consequences of Deforestation
1.It causes pollution by increasing the CO2 level of the environment. This leads to heating of the earth by suns rays causing Global Warming and flooding of coastal area. 2. No trees means the top soil is left loose for erosion, This causes desertification of an areas, as the humus and top soil is lost . This top soil is carried to the river and raises the river bed, which will raise the water level and cause flood. 3. Concretization of the cities prevent the water reaching the water table. Cutting down of plants leads to reduced rainfall and thus Drought is caused.

Protected areas
These are areas earmarked by the government to protect the natural habitat of flora and fauna. Plantation, cultivation, grazing, felling trees, hunting and poaching are prohibited there. I. Sanctuary- Areas where animals are protected from any disturbance to them and their habitat not necessarily by a government agency

II. National Park : Areas reserved for wild life where they can freely use the habitats and natural resources by government agencies. III. Biosphere Reserve : Large areas of protected land for conservation of wild life, plant and animal resources and traditional life of the tribals living in the area. IV. Zoo: Areas of tourist attraction where animals are confined in cages.

Panchmari Biosphere Reserve

Wildlife Sanctuaries

National Park

Satpura

Bori

Panchmari

9. Find out the information about the national parks in your state. Identify and show their location on the outline map of India.

Complete this table in your book

 Q. 2- Difference between d. Flora- Plants of a given area. Fauna- Animals of a given area. c. Endemic Species- Flora or fauna found exclusively in a given area.
Example- Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve has sal and wild mango (Flora) Bison, Indian giant squirrel and flying squirrel (Fauna)

Endangered animals. Animals whose numbers are diminishing to a level that they might face extinction
+Ex. lions, elephants, wild buffaloes and barasingha

Project Tiger
Launched by the government to protect and ensure the survival and maintenance of the tiger population in the country.

Ecosystem
Plants, animals and microorganisms in an area along with non-living components such as climate, soil, river deltas and their interaction.

Q. 5 (e) What is Red Data Book

source book which keeps a record of all the endangered animals and plants

Q. 5 (f) What do you understand by the word Migration?

Birds who cover long distances to reach another land every year during a particular time because of climatic changes are migrating. They fly for laying eggs as the weather in their natural habitat becomes very cold and inhospitable. Ex. Siberian cranes fly from SiberiaRussia to Keoladeo National park.

Some ways to Protect our natural heritage

Reforestation- Replanting trees at least as many as we cut. Forest (Conservation) Act- For preservation and conservation of natural forest. Recycling of Paper- As17 full grown trees make one tonne of paper, we can recycle paper five to seven times

Do these questions in your book.

1. Fill in the blanks: (a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called Sanctury . (b) Species found only in a particular area is known as endemic. (c) Migratory birds fly to far away places because of climatic changes.

 3. Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following: (a) Wild animals loose habitat (b) Environment cause floods & drought (c) Villages (Rural areas)- loose forest products (d) Cities (Urban areas)- loose forest products (e) Earth- desertification and global warming (f) The next generation- may not even exist

 4. What will happen if: (a) we go on cutting trees. deforestation results (b) the habitat of an animal is disturbed. they are extinct (c) the top layer of soil is exposed. desertification occurs.

 11. Complete the word puzzle: Down 1. Species on the verge of extinction. 2. A book carrying information about endangered species. 5. Consequence of deforestation. Across 1. Species which have vanished. 3. Species found only in a particular habitat. 4. Variety of plants, animals and microorganisms found in an area.

 5. Answer in brief: (a) Why should we conserve biodiversity? To maintain the ecological balance (b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why? Local People and poachers hunt for animals illegally. (c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How? For firewood, shelter, fruits from trees.

Q 6. In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects? Discuss and prepare a brief report. No. Reason same as consequences Q10. Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper. To save trees. Reuse the back side of paper, recycle the paper at least 3-7 times.

Do these questions in your class work copies. Q 7. How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a list of actions to be taken by you.

Do not cut trees, or branches or leaves. Plant more trees, take care of the existing vegetation.
Q 8. Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.

Loss of tree cover leads, the land to become barren and the water cannot reach the water table. The absence of trees locks the water underground as there are no roots to pull up water and loose it to cause transpiration and no cloud formation reduces rainfall.