Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diseases & Nutrition

Darmono SS

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diseases

Recognized in USA, in 1981 Recognized by Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) Reported unexplained pneumocytis jeroveci formerly Pneumocytis carinii Previolusly : Carcinoma Kaposis , among homosexual male and female, who injection drug users Pandemic world wide

HIV Viral (electron micrograph)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diseases

Recipient s hemophili Infectious sexual transmitted diseases Lymphadenopathy developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Elisa era. Infection and prevention, prophylaction Adolescent and adult Dx CD 4 T lymphocyte count 3 categories : Asymptomatic, acute primary HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diseases

Based on CD 4 + T Cell categories > 500 / ul Based on clinical categories Based on AIDS indicator conditions HIV Infection Complication Coincidence morbidity malnourished

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diseases

Reverse transcription of it genomics RNA to DNA by enzyme reverse transcriptase CD 4 molecule : 55 kDa protein subset of lymphocytes express on surface of monocytes / macrophages , dendrite and langerhans cell

Infection
Depend on cellular and humoral immune CD 4, T cell, macrophages, lymphoid tissue Elimination control by immune system TBC underlying Cryptococcosis Severe problems

The Replication cycle of HIV

Transmitted
Blood and blood product Occupational : health providers, laboratories, Maternal fetal, infant transmission Body fluid, injected Replication viral diversity, mutations and recombinations

Auto immune
Chronic immune system activations Molecular mimicry viral component Auto anti bodies serum protein, Immunoglobulin Thyroglobulin

Treatment
Anti retro virus (ARV) theraphy Immune reconstitutions Inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) Host constructed compartmentalized organ system Decreased viral load Recovery of immune competence CD 4 and T cell count

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diseases

Potent of HIV modulation endogenous and adding exogenous cytokine Problems pro inflammatory cytokines Supporting IL 1, IL 2, IL 3, IL 6, IL 12, TNF alpha, TNF B, Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF),

HIV Infected, various lessions

Nutritional supporting
Catabolic state high energy intake Stop diarhoea electrolite, rehydration, slow release food consumption Sufficiency nutrient to meet metabolic demand Control fever, inflammation, injury Supporting glutamine Energy dense liquid MCT

Nutritional supporting
Positive nitrogen balance Anti oxidant enhancing Immune system regulatory development Micro nutrient corecting Maintain acid base balance Facilitate enzyme for chemical reaction digestible Maintenance volume and composition body fluids

Nutritional supporting
Individual hygiene and sanitation Family care Family conference Des infectant utilities ( 5 % ) BCAA specific nutrient Essential Fatty acid anti oxydant

Epidemiology & exposure

Oesophagitis candida HIV patient

Events, transpire, primary HIV Infection

HIV in lymph node on an HIV Infected

Kaposis sarcoma

Severe, erosive perirectal herpes

HIV /AIDS on life expectancy