MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL

Budhi Cahyono
budhicahyono@yahoo.com HP. 08156506234

Matrikulasi Program MM Unissula Semarang Selasa, 4 Desember 2012

Magister Manajemen Unissula Semarang

Matrikulasi MM

Isu-isu Manajemen dan Manajemen Operasional

Metode/Alat MO

Layout Fasilitas

Konsep MO
Sistem Operasi
Perancangan dan Pengembangan Produk

Mgt Proyek

SQC
EOQ MRP

Just in Time Supply Chain Mgt Mgt Kualitas

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1. Isu-isu dalam Manajemen

Competitive Advantage (M.E. Porter)

Cost Leadership

Competitive Advantage
Differentiation

Focus

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Managerial Issues
Achieving
Creating

higher levels of productivity

higher quality products Delivering better customer service Achieving shorter delivery times Reducing labor and material costs

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Environment
1)
2)

3)
4) 5)

NEW INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (Berry & Rondinelli, 1998) GREEN CUSTOMER GREEN PRODUCT GREEN PROCESS GREEN TECHNOLOGY

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What Is Operations Management?

Operations

Management

Management of the conversion process which transforms inputs such as raw material and labor into outputs in the form of finished goods and services.
Inputs (customers and/or materials) Outputs (goods and services)

Transformation Process (components)

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OMs function focuses on adding value through the transformation process (technical core) of converting inputs into outputs.
Physical:

manufacturing transportation

Locational:

Exchange:retailing
Storage:

warehousing health care telecommunications

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Physiological: Informational:

ISUE DALAM MANAJEMEN OPERASI

Intense competition a. Global restructuring b. Newly industrial economies 2) Product variety & mass customization PLC continue to decrease 3) Emphasis on quality Zero defect will be the norm 4) Flexibility Ability to adjust to change in product design, product mix, volume of demand and process technology.
1)
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2. Product Design & Development

Latar Belakang: Pergeseran level persaingan PLC yang semakin pendek Selera konsumen yang selalu berubah dalam waktu yang relatif cepat

TIME BASED COMPETITION Menyampaikan produk kepada konsumen dengan jumlah dan kualitas yang tepat Memberikan produk yang inovatif secara terus-menerus.

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Tahapan dalam SE
Pencarian Ide
Seleksi Produk Desain Produk Pendahuluan

Desain Proses Pendahuluan

Pengujian

Desain Produk Akhir

Desain Proses Akhir Perencanaan Kapasitas Produksi

Produksi Massal

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Tahapan dalam CE
Customer
-Engineering -Production

Product Definition

Business Suppliers
-Assembly

MarketbilityProductibilityTestabilityPerformanceAesthetics-

Desain

-Servicebility -Cost -Quality -Reliability

Verification

Production

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3. LAYOUT FASILITAS

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Interdepartmental Flow Graph with Number of Annual Movements

Exhibit 12.4

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4. Quality Management
What is Quality
A degree or level of excellence (Oxford American dictionary) The totally of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to satisfy given needs. (American National Standard Institute/ANSI) Fitness for use (Edward Deming)

Matrikulasi MM

Quality (goods):
perspektif konsumen
Performance Other perceptions Features

Safety
QUALITY

Reliability

Aesthetics Service ability

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Conformance

Durability

Quality (services):
perspektif konsumen
Time and timeliness Responsi veness Completeness

QUALITY
Accuracy Courtesy

Accessibility and convinience

Consistency

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5. MANAJEMEN PROYEK

Definisi Proyek (Dilworth, 1995) Suatu usaha yang diorganisasikan untuk menyelesaikan tugas tertentu yang bersifat non-rutin dan volumenya rendah.

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Project Life Cycle

1) Concept phase

Propose a plan to perform a project for customer 2) Feasibility phase Plan a detail scheduling and budgeting 3) Organization phase Organize resources needed to project 4) Execution phase Use resources to execute a project 5) Termination phase Accountability project after finish.
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Keterkaitan dlm Manajemen Proyek

Manajemen Klasik/ Fungsi

Pendekatan Sistem

Manajemen Proyek (Dinamis)

Pendekatan Kontingensi

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6. SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM)

Definisi SCM: Suatu jaringan bisnis yang otonom, atau semiotonom, terintegrasi dan bertanggung jawab terhadap penyediaan, pemrosesan dan pendistribusian segala aktivitas yang dikaitkan dengan satu atau beberapa kelompok terkait (Swaminathan, 1998) Menghubungkan serangkaian aktivitas yang bernilai (value activities) yang difokuskan pada perencanaan dan pengawasan bahan mentah, komponen-komponen dan barang jadi dari supplier sampai konsumen akhir (Vickery, 1999)
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Model Integrasi Supply Chain

Integrasi ke Pemasok

Integrasi ke Konsumen

Pemasok

Perusahaan

Konsumen

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Pendekatan Value Chain dalam Pengembangan UMKM

Specific Input Primary Producers Logistics Industry Traders

Micro Level Final Consumers

Working Groups

Local Government, Provider of Infrastructure National Government (Line Ministries) & Public Agencies

Macro Level

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Pola Integrasi dlm SCM

Upper quartile Lower quartile Lower quartile Upper quartile

Extensive Pemasok

None Perusahaan

Extensive Konsumen

: inward facing :periphery facing : outward facing

: supplier facing
:customer facing

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7. STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL (SQC)

Statistical Process Control (SPC)

A statistical procedure using control chart to see if any part of a production process is not functioning properly and could cause poor quality. Is a tool for identifying problems in order to make improvement. Is a graph that establishes the control limits of a process. Fungsi Control Chart : Can detect problem quickly Prevent poor quality items Mengurangi rework, wasting time & resources
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Control Chart:

P-Chart (z=3)
proporsi kerusakan

0,25 0,2 0,15 0,1 0,05 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 sampel

proportion defect UCL rata-rata proporsi LCL
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