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WHAT IS TURBOCHARGER?
Turbocharger

is a device driven by exhaust gases that increases engine power by pumping air into the combustion chambers.

turbocharger consists of a compressor wheel and exhaust gas turbine wheel coupled together by a solid shaft and that is used to boost the intake air pressure of an internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas turbine extracts energy from the exhaust gas and uses it to drive the compressor and overcome friction.

 In

automotive-type applications, both the compressor and turbine wheel are of the radial flow type. Some applications, such as medium- and low- speed diesel engines, can use an axial flow turbine wheel instead of a radial flow turbine. The flow of gases through a typical turbocharger with radial flow compressor and turbine wheels.

 The

engine power is proportional with the amount of air and fuel mixture, which gets into the cylinders. The process is the same in case of bigger engines too, a bigger engine inducts more air thus its power is also larger. If we would like that a smaller engine should produce larger power, the only thing to do is to let more air into the cylinders. The power of the engine can be drastically changed by attaching a turbocharger

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Air intake opening Compressed air output Air cooler Induction valve Exhaust valve Turbine input Turbine output

Air filter which the air passes through, before it enters into the compressor. Then the air has been compressed, therefore the density of the air increases Cars which are equipped with more chargers have air cooler (intercooler) also, which cools down the air further, such a way increasing its resistance against the explosion. Air passes into the cylinder via the induction valve of the engine. Since the density of the air is higher, thus the cylinder can induct more air.

The higher air induction ratio means higher fuel induction ratio also burning more fuel results more power. After the fuel has been burned inside the cylinder, the discharging takes place the exhaust valve. Then the high temperature exhaust gas proceeds into the turbine. The turbine exerts input pressure into to the engine, which means, that the pressure of the exhauster is higher than the atmospheric pressure. The temperature and the pressure are reduced in the turbine, which uses the energy of the exhaust gas to operate the compressor.

Turbocharger consists of six basic components. Turbine Wheel (hot wheel) compressor wheel (cool wheel) bearing housing and bearing system. compressor and turbine housings Actuator Wastegate assembly

Turbine Wheel (hot wheel) The turbine wheel and shaft assembly transfers the exhaust energy radially to the compressor wheel.

COMPRESSOR WHEEL The compressor wheel pulls air from the air filter assembly and then centrifuges it at a high rate of speed into the compressor housing volute to produce pressure to feed the engine.

Bearing housing and bearing system. the bearing housing locates the bearings, provides the oiling circuits for the thrust and journal bearings and in some cases has water cooling passages to aid in the cooling of the turbocharger.

Turbine housings The job of the turbine housing is to collect the exhaust gases and direct them through a volute to the turbine wheel inducer. This increases the velocity of the exhaust gas and provides the drive energy for the turbine wheels rotation.

WASTEGATE ASSEMBLY
The

wastegate actuator uses a diaphragm and spring to hold tension on the wastegate valve assembly. The spring is calibrated to a specific pressure, and once that pressure is achieved at the intake manifold it is channeled into the actuator body through a port connection

Advantages of Turbocharging More specific power over a naturally aspirated (NA) engine . Reuse of excess exhaust heat, means the engine runs more efficiently than NA or supercharged engines. A turbocharger is smaller, lighter and easier to fit than a supercharger, and it is more consistent than, for example, a nitrous oxide kit

Disadvantages of Turbocharging. Turbo lag, especially on large turbos. A large turbo may give more peak power, but can take more time to spool up. Turbochargers are costly to add to NA engines, and add complexity. Adding a turbo can often cause a cascade of other engine modifications to cope with the increased power, such as exhaust manifold, intercooler, gauges, plumbing, lubrication, and possibly even the block and pistons.

THE END THANK YOU