Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

Javier Garcia, Director UMTS Product Solutions Iberia November 2003

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL

Slide 1 November, 2003

Agenda
UMTS Market Momentum UMTS Network Design UMTS Network Optimization Some Lessons Learnt

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL

Slide 2 November, 2003

UMTS is starting to gain momentum

Key networks in commercial service today
Mobilkom: Austria Hutchison: Australia, Austria, Denmark, Italy, Sweden, UK J-Phone: Japan 12 networks launched today, over 30 networks will be launched by YE03
Samsung, Nokia, LG, Sanyo, NEC, Motorola, Siemens (Motorola), etc.. Significant volumes will be available in 4Q03 Over 1.5 million UMTS subscribers worldwide today, 3 million by YE03 Many Western European operators have deployed thousands of BTS Over 90% of Japanese population covered by UMTS
Slide 3 November, 2003

Multiple mobiles now becoming available

Some challenges remain but the industry is moving in the right direction

Subscriber uptake is well underway

UMTS coverage is well underway

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL

Agenda
UMTS Market Momentum UMTS Network Design UMTS Network Optimization Some Lessons Learnt

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL

Slide 4 November, 2003

Comparison GSM vs UMTS

GSM
Primarily for Voice services Some data included with GPRS Capacity is closely related to the installed equipment Quality of channels primarily impacted by co- & adj- channel interference Sequential planning process Coverage, Capacity largely sequential Capacity can be obtained by HW increase with no impact on coverage

UMTS
Primarily for multi-services Packet and Circuit Data, Voice Capacity is not only related to the installed hardware Quality and capacity impacted by both intra-cell and inter-cell effects Interrelated process Coverage and Capacity balance Detailed interference planning and capacity Analysis Iterative process through simulation

UMTS radio network design requirements are more complex compared to Traditional GSM: Each user is influencing the others! Detailed interference planning and capacity analysis!
PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.
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Slide 5 November, 2003

Design Process
Inputs to Consider:
Geographic
Environment Antenna height Penetration factors / Propagation Model

Outputs Expected
Service with uplink reliability and loading :
Cell range Cell capacity

Services (QoS, Guarantee along areas & traffic)

Speech CS data PS data

Product Performances

BS MS
Coverage areas and associated Area reliability Type of coverage

Quality of coverage

Cell radius. Capacity Number of sites and configurations required for predefined network requirements Upgrade path for configurations over the years of the exercise

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Slide 6 November, 2003

Impact of the services in the network Design

Higher rate services have a shorter possible distance:
Higher the throughput Lower Cell Range (Higher power is allocated to each user)

The final traffic will be a mix of all the available RABs

weight distribution activity factors initial good basic radio design should be able to warranty a good radio quality

In the initial stages, the load in the network will be light As load will be increased an important role will be played by the per RAB user profile:
If the activity factor is high, the radio conditions will be under a severe load If the activity factor is low, the radio conditions will remain
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PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

Slide 7 November, 2003

Enhanced Asymmetric Network Design

P

Up-to 21% less sites

Thanks to MCPA@45W

Nortel solution provides 15% less CAPEX than a 30W solution Improves site re-use 45WPA makes the B difference
b

B/x

BTS Symmetrical Network Design e.g. PS UL:384 / DL:384kbps 50% UL Load Asymmetrical Network Design e.g. PS UL:64 / DL:384kbps 50% UL Load Enhanced Asymmetrical Network Design e.g. PS UL:64 / DL:384kbps UL load < 50%

CAPEX/OPEX optimization versus expected UL traffic

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.
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Slide 8 November, 2003

RF Design Approach?
PA & TD

Coverage

Capacity

Nortel Scalable Base Station CEM

W-CDMA trade-off

Carriers

Coverage target Traffic per environment Specific objectives (micro, indoor, ..)
Geographic Inputs

Services guaranteed Minutes & Mbytes per user per month Type of application
Marketing Inputs

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Slide 9 November, 2003

A simple solution is the best...

The traffic profile is something unpredictable. The user behavior is also unpredictable. The final site locations are also unknown. The environment impacts performance, and the way it changes is also unpredictable

All those variables have got a direct impact on the performance of the network, and they are not controlled by the operator; therefore a simplified design approach is the only sensible one...

A simple approach would be the most effective solution

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

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Slide 10 November, 2003

Simple approach
1. Define a link budget based on the most restrictive RAB that will be used in the system 2. Consider Asymmetric Services and a Variable Load Factor 3. Generate a nominal design, based on the estimated inter-site distance and tuned with the knowledge of the traffic distribution in the area 4. A calibrated model should be used. Look for real concrete candidates for each of the nominal cell sites. 5. Once the site has been installed, it should be commissioned and integrated with the initial parameter settings. 6. Pre-launch optimization phase should start once a significant amount of sites in a cluster has been integrated

The most important steps are the ones impacting the detailed implementation of the network like candidate selection and antenna layout
PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.
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Slide 11 November, 2003

Key RF Design Considerations

Minimize out-of-cell interference Maximum use of sectorization in Urban areas Clear Dominant Server required Use of regular Site Spacing & Antenna heights Limitations in Planning tools to simulate real network Rely more on real field experience/data where possible Flexibility in Coverage control: the most important optimization factor Key RF Design metrics
CPICH EC/Io UE TX power Handover State existing Traffic distribution @busy hours: accurate traffic maps performance for individual sites: eliminate tall & uncontrollable sites areas with excessive GSM multiple servers: minimize SHO in 3G

Advantages of owning a 2G network. Knowledge of:

Control of Coverage & Interference is critical !

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.
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Slide 12 November, 2003

Agenda
UMTS Market Momentum UMTS Network Design UMTS Network Optimization Some Lessons Learnt

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL

Slide 13 November, 2003

Comparison GSM/UMTS
GSM Optimisation
Recommended parameter settings Single drive-test campaign for Prelaunch optimisation

UMTS Optimisation
Recommended parameter settings Repetitive drive-test campaigns (up
to 5) for Pre-launch optimisation
Network Launch

E2E Perf test (GPRS) Mainly system Parameters

optimisation

ATM parameters optimisation Mainly RF parameters optimisation Services-Based optimisation

High Traffic

RF&System Parameters optimisation ND optimisation New features implementation Densification

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

RF Parameters Optimisation ND optimisation New features implementation Densification

Slide 14 November, 2003

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Optimisation Stages
Network Launch

Trial

Pre-launch Optimisation
No network load (traffic limited) Cluster optimisation based mainly
on drive tests data

VO

Post-launch Optimisation
Significant network load (increasing) Optimisation based mainly on statistical
data (counters, Call Trace)

High optimisation gains

First Tuning:
The main objective is to prepare network launch by validating sites functionality and by performing basic network optimization through drive tests

Optimisation gain is less (but baseline

performance are higher).

Fine Tuning:
The main objective is to optimize performance of a network influenced by traffic load, using real system performance data and/or drive tests data
Slide 15 November, 2003

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

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Pre-launch optimization process

Configuration Audit System parameters check (Engg rules, consistencies,) Recommended values setting

Shakedown Network integrity verification H/W trouble shooting E2E Data Audit Ideal radio conditions

Cluster Optimisation Parameters optimisation neighbouring relationships optimisation

Network Optimisation Optimisation spreading to all clusters Network fine tuning

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

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Slide 16 November, 2003

Post-launch optimization
Optimize performance of a network influenced by traffic load, using real system performance data and/or drive tests data
Performance Monitoring (identify problem areas): KPI Root Cause Analysis (identify solutions): Log analysis, Drive Test

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

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Slide 17 November, 2003

Example of Optimization in a Cluster

100 Sites Intensively RF Optimized. >150 sectors used over drive route, interference from total cluster of 300 sectors. > 250 CS or PS data calls made. 25000 Call Seconds of DCH occupancy. Call Traces collected from Network and UE

Cluster
Mean Holding Time (continuous Calls)

Optimization Improvement 237 %

Dropped Call Rate Voice

Dropped Call Rate PS 384 Call Setup Success Voice Call Setup Success PS 384 Successful Calls Voice Successful Calls PS 384

79 %
72 % 14 % 18 % 32 % 44 %

Metrics Evolution

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

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Slide 18 November, 2003

Agenda
UMTS Market Momentum UMTS Network Design UMTS Network Optimization Some Lessons Learnt

PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL

Slide 19 November, 2003

Some Lessons Learnt

According to Nortels original recommendations, and based on CDMA experience, the following items were confirmed:
Absolute need to best compromise between coverage and capacity offer Antenna Types Electrical Tilt & Horizontal Beamwidth Antenna Configuration Avoid 3 sectors within 180 Importance of HW configurations high correlation with the QoC; From 40 up to 50% of HW changes during optimization Importance of Site Selection a supplementary effort when Acquisition to match the objectives / requirements even the main driver is to go for a simple design Troubleshoot an Area A new site is not always a solution (macro & microcellular approach)

Implementation of RRM algorithms & RRC principles in trials and early networks is helping to better scale network capacity and performance offering Nominal Cell Design Measured coverage compliant to original RF design 2G Sites needs to be specially analyzed If the level of interference is high, is better not to build it than to remove it
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PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

Slide 20 November, 2003

UMTS End-User Applications Performance

Unique
Video Telephony High Quality Video Streaming Video Mail Picture and Video Messaging (MMS) Intranet Access (IP VPNs) Enhanced video services (TV, Broadcast, web cams) Location Services JAVA games Push to Talk Gaming Ring Tones Voice Voice based services Person-to-Person text messaging Text Based Information (push/pull)

Work Better

Legacy

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Slide 21 November, 2003

But its necessary to deploy future proof hardware

Fundamentals of W-CDMA:
Power control Channel elements Downlink for capacity Uplink for coverage Soft and softer h/o Cell breathing

Evolved W-CDMA:
Single cabinet solution MCPA HSDPA IP UTRAN Pooled CEMs Open Iub interface

Minimal incremental investment

Investment focus

8 years in CDMA has allowed Nortel to prepare for the long term
PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.
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Slide 22 November, 2003

Conclusions
The variables that influence the behavior of the system are excessive, the number of assumptions that would need to be performed makes any study be just a guess.... The only way of finding results is reality ! Nortel has successfully designed and optimized UMTS networks and is gathering real field experience to be able to drive the market requirements. WCDMA system is significantly more sensitive to interferences that GSM, it is very important to perform a good RF design and Optimization to achieve the best performance Most of the advices coming from the CDMA experience are really helping us to solve the problems we are finding on the field. Nortel Networks is uniquely positioned to deliver best in class UMTS networks and is willing to help you in successful implementations of UMTS ...
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PT / Wireless China 2003 Deploying and Optimizing UMTS Networks.

Slide 23 November, 2003

Thank you ( & thank you in Chinessee!!! )

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Slide 24 November, 2003