Disaster Management

What is a DISASTER
• A disaster is a natural or manmade
event which results in widespread
human loss, loss of livelihood,
property and life.
 Disasters are of two
types:
• Natural • Manmade
2. Earthquake 2. Terrorist activities
3. Floods 3. Fires
4. Volcanoes 4. Bomb blasts
5. Landslides 5. Rail/Road
accidents
 Components of
Disaster Management
1. Preparedness
2. Response
3. Recovery
4. Prevention
Disaster Preparedness
• It involves measures to ensure
that communities and services
are capable of coping with the
effect of disaster. For ex:
1. Community awareness and
education
2. Proper warning system
3. Mutual aid arrangement
4. Mock drill, training practice
5. Identifying the vulnerable
 Disaster Response
It involves measures taken in anticipation of,
during and immediately after a disaster to
ensure that the effects are minimized. For ex:

1. Implementing the disaster

management plan
2. Setting up medical camps
and mobilizing resources
3. Providing adequate shelter
and sanitary facilities
4. Development of search and
rescue team
 Disaster Recovery
It involves measures, which support
emergency affected areas in
reconstruction of the physical
infrastructure and restoration of economic
and emotional well being. For ex:
1. Counseling
programme for
those who lost the
near ones
2. Restoring services
like roads,
communication
link
3. Providing financial
support
employment
 Prevention and
Mitigation
• It involves measures to eliminate or
reduce the incidence of severity of
disasters. For ex:
1. Land use
planning
2. Preventing
habitation in
risk zones
3. Disaster
resistant
 Disaster Risk
Management
• It has three steps-
– 1)Risk Identification & Assessment
– 2)Risk reduction
– 3)Risk transfer
 Risk identification &
assessment
• It identifies what elements are at risk
and analyses the causes and root
causes of vulnerable conditions.
• The assessment takes into account
the physical, geographical, social,
political & psychological factors that
causes some people to be
particularly exposed to various
hazards.
 Risk reduction
• It involves Prevention, Mitigation and
preparedness strategies.
STRUCTURAL MITIGATION
Engineered structures
Non engineered structures
 
NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATION
Legal framework
Land-use planning
Incentives & Financial framework
Training & Education
Public Awareness
 Risk Transfer
• Ways to ensure that losses from
disasters are compensated or
recovered by the individual or
community ,e.g. are insurance of
homes, implements & equipments,
crops, etc., & community
contingency funds created through
disaster management planning that
put aside a certain amount of money
contributed by the community for
 Earthquake
An earthquake is a sudden release of
energy accumulated in deformed rocks
causing the ground to tremble or shake.

Its main mitigation

•

strategies-
• Analyze soil type
before construction
• Follow codes
published by the
Bureau of Indian
Standards
 Floods
Floods are temporary inundation of large
region as a result of an increase in reservoir.
• Main mitigation
strategies-
– Mapping of flood
plans
– Land use control
– Construction of
engineered
structure
– Reforestation
– Inter Basin River
connections
 Drought
It is an insidious hazard that results from a
departure of precipitation over a season or
longer period of time.
• Main mitigation
strategies-
– Drought
monitoring
– Water
harvesting
– Using
sprinklers or
drip irrigation
– Livelihood
 Imp. To Know
The emergency numbers.
Report incidents - don't take it for
granted that someone else has
already reported it;
Do not build houses in unsafe areas
Gain knowledge of basic first aid, fire
training
Always follow the rules when:
swimming in rivers, dams, pools and
• Disaster