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Security Level:

Analysis for2G
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2G
Calculate Paging Capacity

Um Interface Limitation In the targeted GSM BSS network of NSN, 2 Non-combined cell is recommended, so 18 CCCH blocks per 51 Multi-frame will be there for all downlink channels. Among those 9 blocks, 2 BS_AG_BLK_RES are reserved for the AGCH (BS_AG_BLK_RES = 2 as a usual default value for noncombined cells). Hence Available blocks for paging per hour: 18 CCCH Blocks 2 BS_AG_BLK_RES = 16 PCH blocks/Multiframe * (3600s / 235 ms) = 245,106 PCH / hour 1 PCH offers 2 Paging Blocks over IMSI or 4 Paging Blocks over TMSI, a 2.5 Paging blocks/PCH has been applied here for dimensioning (as conventional assumed) to derive the maximum paging load result of a LA. Maximum paging per hour:

2.5 Paging Blocks x 245,106 PCH = 612,765 Paging/Hour (100% load)

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2G
Calculate Paging Capacity

While 60% Paging Load and 25% Paging Retransfer Ratio applied, the times of paging per hour are recommended as follow for different paging scenarios:

Recommended max total paging per hour: 367,659 Paging/Hour considering TMSI and IMSI paging
Max paging times / per second 960 1920 Max paging times / per While 60% Paging hour Load 3,456,000 6,912,000 2,073,600 4,147,200 Paging Capacity Nomber of LAC Per LAC Combination (Theory) 367,659 367,659 5 11

Transmission BSC Max paging capacity BSC Max paging capacity All TDM ALL IP

But here we should consider the limit of TRX in BSC,it couldt exceed the capacity of BSC&LAC. Quito BSC Final Planing capacity (TRX) 5120 GYE 5120 Portoviejo 3840

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Lac Capacity Calculation

Max paging supported by LAC

Max traffic supported by LAC considering 76% MTC ratio

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Paging scenario
RNC

Security Level:

MSC

SGSN
MS MS Paging Paging

LAC1

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Abis/LAPD

BSC

LAC1
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2G Part New year paging statistics LAC 14500

New year peak

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2G-3G Colac : affect on CS traffic

If 2G-3G COLAC is created the Paging will be duplicated and hence 2G network for special events cannot support this increase of paging messages Considering 30 % of mobiles latched to 3G network and remaining 70 % are latched to GSM The overall paging in GSM will increase by portion of 30 % The overall paging in UMTS will increase by 70 %

30% increase

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2G-3G Colac : affect on PS traffic

If 2G-3G COLAC is created the Paging will be duplicated and hence 2G network for special events cannot support this increase of paging messages

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50% increase

Considering 50% of mobiles latched to 3G network and remaining 50 % are latched to GSM The overall paging in GSM will increase by portion of 50 % The overall paging in UMTS will increase by 50 %

2G-3G Colac : Sdcch Signalling reduction

Its true with Colac the SDCCH Signalling and relection time can be reduced while cell reselects from 2g to 3g and vice versa The paging also increases and delete paging commands is the amount of traffic lost by the network. Making COLAC will increase paging load and hence delete paging will increase during special events like XMAS / NEW YEAR The SDCCH Signalling can be reduced by parameter optimizaiton i.e adjusting 2g-3g hysterisis thresholds to reduce ping pong instead of COLAC The other way to reduce Signalling is to remove coverage gaps between 3g and 2g so that Mobile ideally latches with better signal to 3G Parameter FDDQMIN
,QQUALMIN Ssearch_RAT to be used to reduce to reselection

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Lac combination 2G & 3G ??

2G-3G COLAC is possible for low paging areas and can be implemented if the paging load is low but special events should be considered as there can be evident amount of paging loss during the event

To have same paging load , the size of 2g and 3g co-lac needs to be small& needs to be split in smaller boundaries .
Signalling at LAC boundary

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Lac combination 2G & 3G ??

Activities related to rehoming , BSC migration / RNC migration expansion There is a lot of effort required from a Data Transcript point of view which is estimated in the range of several weeks since it has to be coordinated and aligned with other activities. The service availability might be as well impacted for certain periods like rehoming activitiesivities For activities involving rehomings double expertize in RNC and BSC is required to shift entire sites in GSM and UMTS to have the same COLAC strategy

COLAC strategy is only possible for BSCs & RNCs in the same MSS ; if the BSC and RNC is in different CORE NETWORK then COLAC cannot be implemented

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Conclusion
The recommendation is to use different Location Area Identity (LAI) and Routing Area Identity (RAI) for the GSM and WCDMA networks. If the same LAI / RAI are used for overlapping 2G/3G networks, a consequence is that the GSM subscribers are paged in the WCDMA network and vice versa. Since most GSM networks have a large number of subscribers this could generate a heavy paging load in the WCDMA network. Same LA and RA can theoretically be used, and might give benefits (e.g. minimal or no LA/RA updates while doing IRAT cell reselection). However, this benefits might fluctuate, e.g. because of varying traffic levels in WCDMA cells and the resulting variation of the WCDMA service area. Moreover, such a configuration requires more initial conditions than simply having the same MSC. Some are related to MGw and, in general, the entire Core Network structure, so it is not a straightforward implementation. There is a lot of effort required from a Data Transcript point of view which is estimated in the range of several weeks since it has to be coordinated and aligned with other activities For example In case of rehomings we need to migrate RNC and BSC to have the COLAC condition . The service availability might be as well impacted for certain periods like rehoming activities

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Page 14

Security Level:

ANALYSIS with 3G

part
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3G part

Paging mode there are two methods, one is a paging TMSI, one is paging IMSI. If is TMSI paging ,one TTI(Transmission Time Interval) can transmit 6 paging message, If is IMSI paging, one TTI can transmit 3 paging message. Therefore, theoretically, TMSI capacity is 2 times than IMSI capacity

Theoretically,Paging discarded phenomenon occurs while the paging capacity of the air interface up to 30%, That is, the paging channel has reached a primary congestion threshold

So:

TMSI paging per hour =3600*100*6*30%=648000 paging message

IMSI paging per hour =3600*100*3*30%=324000 paging message

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Paging scenario
RNC

MSC

SGSN
MS MS Paging Paging

LAC1

Abis/LAPD

BSC

LAC1

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Unificacin de LACs Santo Domingo :

En la ciudad de Santo Domingo CLARO realizo una unificacin de LACs, debido a esto sitios que se encontraban en un solo LAC despus de la unificacin formaron parte de 3 LACs. Quedando la distribucin de la siguiente manera.

20 DE ABRIL ITEM # Sectores LAC (50202) 131

10 DE NOVIEMBRE LAC 2 LAC 1 (16300) (COLAC) (16301)(COLAC) LAC 3 (50202)( 3G LAC) 31 (solo 3G) 73(solo 3G) 27

LAC 16300 Paging Horas Pico Paging Dia Paging loss LAC LOAD PICO LAC LOAD DIA

Antes de la unificacin de LAC 8200000 7900000 77 4,60% 4,40%

Despus de unificacin de LAC 8000000 6700000 170 4,50% 4,80%

LAC 16301 Paging Horas Pico Paging Dia Paging loss LAC LOAD PICO LAC LOAD DIA

Antes de la unificacin de LAC 19000000 18000000 159 10,40% 10,00%

Despus de la unificacin de LAC 24700000 20000000 790 14,00% 12,00%

LAC 50202 Paging Horas Pico Paging Dia Paging loss LAC LOAD PICO LAC LOAD DIA

Antes de la unificacin de LAC 7000000 6700000 60 4,00% 3,70%

Despus de la unificacin de LAC 1500000 1300000 0 0,83% 0,80%

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Unificacin de LAC Santo Domingo: LAC 16300

En las siguientes graficas se muestra la carga de paging en los sitios que se tenia antes y despus de realizada la unificacin de LAC en este caso se esta considerando los sitios que pertenecen al LAC 16300. Como se observa si bien a disminuido la carga de paging se debe considerar que ahora nicamente le llega el paging de 31 sectores UMTS y anteriormente le llegaba el paging de 131 sectores. Por este motivo se puede evidenciar que les esta llegando el paging del lado de GSM. Adems se observa un incremento de paging loss

31 Sectors 3G receive paging from 131 sectors 3G

31 Sectors 3G receive paging from 31 sectors 3G + 2G

31 Sectors 3G receive paging from 131 sectors 3G

31 Sectors 3G receive paging from 31 sectors 3G + 2G

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Unificacin de LAC Santo Domingo: LAC 16301

En las siguientes graficas se muestra la carga de paging en los sitios que se tenia antes y despus de realizada la unificacin de LAC en este caso se esta considerando los sitios que pertenecen al LAC 16301. Como se observa un incremento de paging aun cuando ahora nicamente le llega el paging de 73 sectores UMTS y anteriormente le llegaba el paging de 131 sectores. Por este motivo se puede evidenciar que les esta llegando el paging del lado de GSM. Adems se observa un incremento de paging loss

73 Sectors 3G receive paging from 131 sectors 3G

73 Sectors 3G receive paging from 73 sectors 3G + 2G

73 Sectors 3G receive paging from 131 sectors 3G

73 Sectors 3G receive paging from 73 sectors 3G + 2G

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Unificacin de LAC Santo Domingo: LAC 50202

En las siguientes graficas se muestra la carga de paging en los sitios que se tenia antes y despus de realizada la unificacin de LAC en este caso se esta considerando los sitios que pertenecen actualmente al LAC50202. Este era el LAC original al cual se le quitaron sitios de UMTS que pasaron a formar parte de otro LAC. Se observa una disminucin en la carga de paging y de LAC esto debido a que Actualmente le llega el paging de 27 sectores y no de 131 como era anteriormente

27 Sectors 3G receive paging from 131 sectors 3G

27 Sectors 3G receive paging from 27 sectors 3G

27 Sectors 3G receive paging from 131 sectors 3G

27 Sectors 3G receive paging from 27sectors 3G

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Unificacin de LACs Quito :

En la ciudad de Quito se realizo un rehoming de 63 sectores hacia la RNC de COLLALOMA 3 y a su ves por pedido de CLARO a estos 63 sectores se les configuro el LAC de GSM. EL rehoming fue ejecutado la noche del 5 de octubre.

1 de Octubre ITEM # Sectores LAC (50230) 252

13 de Noviembre LAC 1 (50230) LAC 2 (14500) 189 63

LAC 50230 Paging Horas Pico Paging Dia Paging loss LAC LOAD PICO LAC LOAD DIA

ANTES DE REHOMING 67000000 64000000 1100 37,48% 36,00%

DESPUE DE REHOMING 54000000 52000000 470 30,50% 29,00%

14500 Paging Horas Pico Paging Dia Paging loss LAC LOAD PICO LAC LOAD DIA

ANTES DE REHOMING 19000000 18000000 159 10,40% 10,00%

DESPUES DE REHOMING 24700000 20000000 790 14,00% 12,00%

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Unificacin de LAC QUITO: LAC 14500

En las siguientes graficas se muestra la carga de paging en los sitios que se tenia antes y despus de realizada la unificacin de LAC y Rehoming de 63 sectores de la RNC de Collaloma1 a Collaloma3 en este caso se esta considerando los sitios que pertenecen al LAC 14500. Como se observa si bien a disminuido la carga de paging se debe considerar que ahora nicamente le llega el paging de 63 sectores UMTS y anteriormente le llegaba el paging de 252 sectores UMTS.

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 252 sectors 3G

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 252sectors 3G

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 63 sectors 3G + 2G

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 63 sectors 3G + 2G

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Unificacin de LAC Quito: LAC 50230

En las siguientes graficas se muestra la carga de paging en los sitios que se tenia antes y despus de realizada la unificacin de LAC y Rehoming de 189 sectores de la RNC de Collaloma1 a Collaloma3 en este caso se esta considerando los sitios que pertenecen al LAC 50230. Como se observa si bien a disminuido la carga de paging se debe considerar que ahora nicamente le llega el paging de 189 sectores UMTS y anteriormente le llegaba el paging de 252 sectores UMTS.

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 252 sectors 3G

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 63 sectors 3G + 2G

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 252 sectors 3G

63 Sectors 3G receive paging from 63 sectors 3G + 2G

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LAC con Segunda Portadora UMTS: LAC 50210

En la siguiente grafica se muestra el anlisis de la carga que se esperara con la implementacin de segunda portadora en el LAC 50210 considerando que no se incrementa los usuarios y que la misma cantidad de paging que le llegan al sector en 850 va llegar a su co sector en 1900. La cantidad de sectores 1900 que se agregaran a este LAC seria 53

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LAC con Segunda Portadora UMTS: LAC 50210

En la siguiente grafica se muestra la recomendacin de divisin de LAC en la ciudad de Quito realizada durante el planing de capacidad de RNC. En esta se recomienda dividir los LAC 50230 y 50210 debido a la alta carga que actualmente tienen estos.

LAC50204

LAC50230

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Conclusiones :
No se recomienda la unificacin de LAC entre las tecnologas GSM y UMTS. Debido a que se incrementara la carga de los LAC al sumarse los paging de UMTS y GSM , debido a que incrementa la carga en los canales de paging lo cual afecta la carga de LAC, lo que ocasionara que se requiera tener LAC mas pequeos que los que actualmente se tiene en UMTS para poder soportar dicha carga de LACs Para la implementacin de segunda portadora se recomienda que los sectores de segunda portadora tengan los mismos LAC que los de 850. Al implementar el mismo LAC en 850 y 1900 en sus cosite va a ocasionar incremento en la carga de los LAC. Un la LAC UMTS con sealizacin de UMTS (850 y 1900) y mas GSM debido a la gran carga de sealizacin tendera a ser muy pequeos en las areas de hot spot . En la ciudades la recomendacin es tratar de tener LAC que cubran la mayor extensin posible y cuyas fronteras sean en la medida de lo posible geogrficas y en zonas en donde la interaccin en las celdas de frontera sea la menor posible para tratar de disminuir al mximo la sealizacin provocada por location update

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