GUIDED BY : PROF. K.D.

PATEL MADE BY : XEMA PATHAK (090070110004) NITI VARMA (090070110082)

ACCOLADES
This project was selected to be presented at Students

Innovation Pavilion in GRIDTECH 2013- 4th International Exhibition And Conference held at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi organized by Power Grid Corporation Of India Limited and supported by Ministry of Power, India. Many entrepreneurs appreciated this idea of GSM-based Prepaid Energy Meter. There is a proposal to implement this concept at on-going pilot project at Pondicherry.

This project was awarded prize money of INR 10,000 in

the same event.

CERTIFICATES

PROJECT DEFINITION
PREPAID ENERGY METER AIM & OBJECTIVES: To design a pre-paid energy meter to monitor the consumption of electricity in domestic needs.
Here analog energy meter is replaced by a digital energy meter.

It does not have rotating parts.

According to power used by load, pre paid balance is reduced

& at the end of 0/-rs balance, power will be automatically cut off.

PROBLEMS WITH PRESENT SYSTEM

Uses electromechanical devices and is error prone and it

consumes more time and labor.

Person has to go area by area and he has to read the meter of

every house and handover the bills.

Serious problem of revenue collection for the actual electric

energy supplied owing to energy thefts and network losses.

Traditional billing system is slow, costly, and lack in

flexibility as well as reliability.

Year

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

Peak defecit
Average energy shortage

8,000MW
73 billion kwh

13,000 MW
86 billionh kwh

5,157 MW
84 billionh kwh

India loses more than 1% of GDP in Electricity Theft that turns out to be US $4.5 billion.

CHARACTERISTICS OF PREPAID ENERGY METER

Prepaid energy meter will have following characteristics-

GSM module- provides a feature of pre-paid through SMS. One

can recharge meter with the help of mobile through SMS

Display of units consumed- On the basis of recharge amount,

AVR controller count the amount of energy consumed and display the remaining amount of energy on the LCD.

CHARACTERISTICS OF PREPAID ENERGY METER

Threshold value notification- If the amount falls below

certain minimum amount, then it will be indicated by the controller through buzzer.

Prevention of Inflated electricity bill- Due to constant

monitoring of consumption of energy units, discrepancies occurring in billing process can be avoided.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

GSM
SIM300 is a Tri-band GSM/GPRS engine that works on

frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900 MHz. SIM300 provides GPRS multi-slot class 10 capability
With a tiny configuration of 40mm x 33mm x 2.85 mm ,

SIM300 can fit almost all the space requirement in your application, such as Smart phone, PDA phone and other mobile device.
The physical interface to the mobile application is made

through a 60 pins board-to-board connector, which provides all hardware interfaces between the module and customers boards except the RF antenna interface.

GSM
The keypad and SPI LCD interface will give the flexibility to

develop customized applications.

Two serial ports can easily develop your applications.

Two audio channels include two microphones inputs and two

speaker outputs. This can be easily configured by AT command.

The SIM300 is designed with power saving technique, the

current consumption to as low as 2.5mA in SLEEP mode.

The SIM300 is integrated with the TCP/IP protocol.

GSM Module

CURRENT TRANSFORMER
Current flows from the appliance according to the no. of

appliances are in ON condition. The more current flows as the number of ON appliances are increased. This current is then given to Current Transformer which is connected in series with the appliances (Load).
Current transformer used here have primary to secondary ratio

as 5:1 i.e. secondary current is stepped down by half of the primary current.
We get one-fifth of the primary current at secondary side

which is AC.

CURRENT TRANSFORMER

Atmega 16 AVR MICROCONTROLLER

The ATmega16 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhancedRISC architecture. The ATmega16 provides the following features:
16K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash Program memory with Read-While-Write capabilities 512 bytes EEPROM 1K byte SRAM 32 general purpose I/O lines and general purpose working registers Three flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes

Internal and External Interrupts

A serial programmable USART A programmable Watchdog Timer with Internal Oscillator

ATmega 16 AVR MICROCONTROLLER

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

BASCOM

ROBOKITS AVR Programmer

FLOW CHART

PCB DESIGN
The PCB for this model is designed in Proteus software.

PROTOTYPE

INITIAL CONDITIONS
Checking of AT Commands

Initial Display at no load condition

RECHARGE CONDITIONS
Recharge String

Confirmation of Recharge

Added Balance

THRESHOLD CONDITONS

NO BALANCE CONDITION

CONCLUSION
It does not possess any rotating parts that help in the prevention

of meter tempering, which is an attractive feature for the utilities.

In addition, the process of reading the energy consumption is

facilitated by the LCD display that is simpler than that for the analog meters which reduces human errors while noting down the meter reading.
This energy meter has the potential to change the future of the

energy billing system in India. The energy billing system may help the energy distribution companies to reduce costs and increase profits, to improve metering and billing accuracy and efficiency, and to contribute the energy in a sustainable way.

FUTURE EXPANSION
FEEDBACK

A feedback from the GSM can be given to the users cellphone number regarding the information of recharge of balance, threshold conditions and no balance condition.
A KEYPAD INTERFACE

A Keypad can be interfaced so in case of GSM breakdown a unique string can be provided to continue the functioning of the unit.
This system can be linked with the bank accounts and Aadhar

card so that the amount can be deducted from the accounts.

A printer can be interfaced to get the hard copy of monthly bill.

WEBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.atmel.com
http://www.mcselec.com/index.php?option=com_con

tent&task=view&id=14&Itemid=41 http://robokits.co.in/shop/index.php?main_page=pro duct_info&products_id=54 http://www.quectel.com/product.aspx?id=7 http://www.alldatasheet.com/