GROUP MEMBERS: ARSALAN ALI (REG. # 3138) ROHAN SHAFIQ (REG. # 3125) SARDAR ADEEL (REG.

# 3145) PIEMAAN FAZILY (REG. # 3230) MALIK UZAIR (REG. # 3168}

OBJECTIVES APPARATUS DESCRIPTION CAD MODEL PROCEDURE GOVERNING PRINCIPLE APPLICATIONS LOSSES FLAWS RECOMMENDATIONS

To understand the whirling of shaft apparatus and its procedure To understand the governing principle

To find losses and flaws in apparatus and give recommendations Cad model of apparatus

THE WHIRLING OF SHAFT:

Transverse oscillations of shaft with natural frequency of external forcing system. This is very damaging effect and the system must be carefully balanced to reduce this effect.

Critical Speed:
The speed at which the shaft fails due to fatigue loading is called Critical Speed.

Base frame Speed Motor Removable Safety Guard with Magnet Inductive Speed Sensor Two End Bearings Self aligning Bearing Movable nylon Bushes Test Shaft Stroboscope

The centrifugal force provided by the motor balances by the elastic force of shaft. The whirling of shaft is caused by phenomenon of vibration and bending.

THE CONCEPT:
As the governing principle suggest the centrifugal force provided by the motor balances by the elastic force of shaft.

Fc = F e 2 ( + )=kA = / 2 = 0 =

M = mass r = Radius w = Angular Velocity K = Elastic Constant A = Whirling Amplitude

GENERAL: For any given shaft made by any specific material this apparatus can calculate the critical speed and natural frequency. PRACTICAL: Can be use to find the whirling of Car wheel Axis Turbine shaft

The apparatus is efficient involving many major and minor losses. Electrical losses in DC motor Sound energy loss Frictional loss at bearings and bushing Heat losses Vibrational losses

The apparatus can only calculate whirl of simply supported shafts. It cant measure higher order harmonic frequencies. It is not suitable for very large and very small shafts. As for very small shafts whirling will be small and precise instrument is required.

To measure the whirl of shafts of other configuration the apparatus should have moveable bushing. It should be able to measure the higher order harmonic frequencies. It should have the capability to measure the whirl of short length shafts. It should also able to measure vibrations with whirling.

Yes, this apparatus is inline with Mom and Vibrations lab course.

It is not a good apparatus to take it as a FYP.