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Components of Masonry
Masonry Units Mortar Grout Reinforcement Anchors / Ties Accessories Characteristics Material Options Testing / QA
Components of Masonry
Masonry Units Mortar Grout Reinforcement Anchors / Ties Accessories
Masonry Prism
Concrete/Masonry Components
Concrete Materials CMU Mortar
maybe lime
Grout
Aggregate Size
Consistency
3-6 in.
8-10 in.
Pourable, stiff
No Slump
Fluffy mixer
Pourable, runny
Preparation
mixer
mixer
Masonry Units
The term brick is used to denote solid clay masonry units. Cored units are still considered solid if cores do not exceed 25% of total cross sectional area. The cores reduce weight, increase bond to mortar, and allowing faster drying during fabrication.
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www.GlenGerybrick.com
www.GlenGerybrick.com
www.GlenGerybrick.com
www.GlenGerybrick.com
www.GlenGerybrick.com
www.GlenGerybrick.com
www.GlenGerybrick.com
www.GlenGerybrick.com
W H
L WxHxL
Modulus of Rupture Compressive Strength Absorption Size / Warpage / Square Void Area
ASTM C 1006
Freezing and Thawing Initial Rate of Absorption (IRA) Efflorescence Length Change
After removal from forms, units are moved to kilns for curing
Low pressure steam is the most common method _ accelerates curing 28 day moist cured strengths can be reached in a few days Units set for 1 to 3 hours prior to steam curing (holding period) After holding period, steam fed into kiln until desired temperature is reached At desired temp, steam turned off and 12 to 18 hour soaking period begins High pressure steam can be used 28 day moist cured strength can be reached in 1 day
Drying Shrinkage of Concrete Block Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete Masonry and Related Concrete Units
CMU Dimensions
Dimensions for CMU expressed as: Height Width x Height x Length
or
Nominal Dimensions
Nominal dimensions are equal to the standard dimensions plus the thickness of one mortar joint (typically 3/8 in.)
running bond
7-5/8 8 in.
15-5/8
16 in.
CMU Shapes
Refer to page 311 in text
Most common shapes are: Stretcher Bullnose Lintel Half and Double Corners Many others for specific uses
Masonry Mortar
Mortar can fill non-uniform spaces to result in plumb and level masonry construction
Mortar Constituents
Cement Lime Sand Water Admixtures
Mortar Constituents
Cement Lime Sand Water Admixtures
Portland Cement (C150), Masonry Cement (C91) or Mortar Cement (C1329) Strength Early Setting Bond Durability Shrinkage
Mortar Constituents
Cement Lime Sand Water Admixtures
Hydrated Lime (C207)
Mortar Constituents
Cement Lime Sand Water Admixtures
Masonry Sand (C144) bulk strength shrinkage resistance
Hardened Mortar
bond compressive strength durability
A-1
Old Mortar
A S O N W O R K
New Mortar
A-2
Designations
B
C D
Designations
A-1
Old Mortar
A S O N W O R K
New Mortar
A-2
Designations
B
C D
Designations
What it Does Provides job site quality control methods based on preconstruction and construction testing
Mortar Type M S N O
Portland Cement 1 1 1 1
This sand can still be used if laboratory prepared mortar complies with ASTM C270s property specifications.
...Field Mortar
ASTM Required Compressive Strength Requirements for Field Mortar Type M = Type S = Type N = Type O = ??? ??? ??? ???
same materials to be used in the field field batching and mixing procedures specified testing procedures
All involved parties should be present
Sample of Compressive Strength Test Data from Field Samples. Unlike concrete, if we do check field mortar, we look at the average. Again, the field strength should be compared to the preconstruction mix, not the ASTM 270 strengths.
NO !!
The mortar in the wall will be much stronger than the tested strength of the cube because of Smaller aspect ratio of mortar joint Lower water to cement ratio for mortar joint
Jar 1
Jar 2
Jar 3
Mortar + Alcohol
Sand
Masonry Grout
Masonry Grout
Grout in place will typically have strengths of about 2500 psi It is poured wet, but is designed for water to absorb into the units Grouts should be very fluid to fill in voids in the cells and flow around reinforcement without honeycombing.
What is f m ??
specified The Compressive ^ Strength of Masonry
Methods of Demonstrating Compliance with f m Unit Strength Method Prism Test Method
Required Net Area Compressive Strength of CMU with Type M/S Type N Mortar Mortar
Required Net Area Compressive Strength of CMU with Type M/S Type N Mortar Mortar
Required Net Area Compressive Strength of CMU with Type M/S Type N Mortar Mortar 1250 1900 ???? 2800 3750 4800 1300 2150 ???? 3050 4050 5250
To Satisfy Compliance with this Specified Compressive Strength of Masonry 1000 1500 1750 2000 2500 3000
Required Net Area Compressive Strength of CMU with Type M/S Type N Mortar Mortar 1250 1900 2350 2800 3750 4800 1300 2150 2600 3050 4050 5250
To Satisfy Compliance with this Specified Compressive Strength of Masonry 1000 1500 1750 2000 2500 3000
450 900
250 500
Mortar Bedding Joint Thickness Joint Tooling Grouting Unit Condition Bonding Arrangement
Full Same as in structure Struck Same as in structure Same as in structure Stack Bond
Importance of Construction
Importance of Curing
Masonry Materials
Questions ?????