WAZID AHSAN

R0LL.N0-54 REG.N0-11000372

Mordant is a Latin word which means To Bite. A mordant is any substance which can be fixed to fabric and reacts with the dye to produce colours on fabric. Mordants can be both organic and inorganic.Most commonly used mordant is inorganic chromium.other inorganic mordants are Al,cu,Fe, and Sn.

 Organic

mordants are tannic acid i.e rarely used. Fibers most commonly dyed with mordant dyes are natural protein fibres,particularly wool and sometimes synthetic fibres modacrylic and nylon.

Mostly mordant dyes have hydroxyl and carboxyl groups.To certain extent they can posses amino-group. They are negatively charged i.e anionic. Prevents colour bleeding. They ensure light and wash fastness. Has the ability to brighten or change some dye colours.

Hematin Eriochrome cyanine R Celestine blue Alizarin red S

Actually the mordant forms an insoluble coordination compound between the fabric and the dye and binds the two. Alizarin is a typical mordant dye. It gives different colors depending on the metal ion used. For example, with Ai3+ , alizarin gives a rose red color; with Ba2+, a blue color; with Fe3+, a violet color and with Cr3- , a brownish red color. The process of mordant dyeing consists in impregnating the fabric with mordant in presence of wetting agent followed by soaking of the fabric into the solution of dye

PRE-MORDANTING(chrome):The substrate is treated with the mordant. META-MORDANTING(metachrome):The mordant is added in dye bath itself. POST-MORDANTING(afterchrome):The dyed material is treated with a mordant.

LIGHT-FASTNESS: The presence of chromium in dye molecule contributes to very good light fastness of mordant dyed textile material.(Lightfastness is the degree to which a dye resists fading due to light exposure). WASH-FASTNESS: The very good wash fastness of textile material dyed with mordant dye is due to large dye molecules or lakes that are formed within polymer system. DULL AND LIMITED RANGE OF COLOURS:It is the presence of metal chromium that is responsible for metal dullness.

Colour matching is difficult as the process of mordanting means that the colour builds up gradually. Lengthy periods of application are both detrimental to protein and polyamide fiber and rather costly. Dichromate salts such as sodium and potassium become pollutants once they are discharged into sewerage.