HPLC Bulk Property Detectors

Refractive Index Detector

HPLC Bulk Property Detectors

Refractive Index Detector
Plus: 1) Measures a bulk property 2) Nearly Universal (different RI than mobile phase) 3) Comparable response for different analytes 4) Detects species with no chromophores

Minus:
1) Temperature dependent 2) Poor sensitivity (LOD 100 ng) 3) No gradient elution

HPLC Bulk Property Detectors

Evaporative Light Scattering Detector

Solid state laser

HPLC Bulk Property Detectors

Evaporative Light Scattering Detector

Plus: 1) Measures a bulk property 2) Nearly Universal (must be non-volatile) 3) Does not detect liquids (gradients are ok) 4) Detects species with no chromophores

Minus:
1) Signal not linear with concentration 2) Fair sensitivity (LOD 1 ng) 3) No salts or buffers in mobile phase

HPLC Bulk Property Detectors

Conductivity Detector

HPLC Bulk Property Detectors

Conductivity Detector

Plus: 1) Measures a bulk property 2) Nearly Universal (must be ionic) 3) Common for Ion Exchange LC 4) Detects species with no chromophores 5) Simple, robust Minus: 1) Fair sensitivity (LOD 1 ng) 2) No salts or buffers in mobile phase 3) Gradients a challenge

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Conventional UV-Vis Absorption Detector

Photodiode 1 Photodiode 2 Hg Pen Lamp 254 nm

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Multi-wavelength UV-Vis Absorption Detector

Deuterium Lamp

Photodiode Array

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Multi-wavelength UV-Vis Absorption Detector

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Multi-wavelength UV-Vis Absorption Detector
Plus: 1) Measures a specific property 2) Nearly Universal (must have chromophore) 3) Most common of all detectors (~75%) 4) Potential to provide qualitative info. 5) Simple, robust Minus: 1) Fair sensitivity (LOD 1 ng) 2) Expensive with PDA, limited with Hg Lamp 3) Misses some important analytes

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Fluorescence Detector

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Fluorescence Detector

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Fluorescence Detector
Plus: 1) Measures a specific property 2) Highly Selective (must fluoresce) 3) Second most common of all detectors (~15%) 4) High sensitivity (LOD 0.01 ng) 5) Can interrogate very small volumes Minus: 1) Not Universal 2) Limited Applications

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Electrochemical Detector

HPLC Specific Property Detectors

Electrochemical Detector
Plus: 1) Measures a specific property 2) Highly Selective (depends on reduction potential) 3) High sensitivity (LOD 0.01 ng) Minus:

1) Not Universal 2) Must have electrolyte in mobile phase 3) Mobile phase must be aqueous 4) Gradients not possible

HPLC Element Specific Detectors

ICP Detector Detector

HPLC Element Specific Detectors

ICP Detector Detector
Plus: 1) Can be Highly Selective 2) Can be nearly Universal 3) Can have single sensitivity for all analytes Minus:

1) $$$ 2) Mobile phase must be aqueous 4) Mobile phase must not contain element of interest

UV-Vis detection of sugars in juice

UV-Vis detection of sugars in juice

ICP Carbon detection of sugars in juice

ICP Carbon detection of sugars in orange juice

ICP Carbon detection of amino acids

ICP Carbon detection of amino acids

HPLC Derivatization Detectors

Tag analytes with fluorophore Before or After Separation

HPLC Derivatization Detectors

Tag analytes with fluorophore Before or After Separation

HPLC Indirect Detectors

Detect the change in a constant signal as the analyte passes

Recent HPLC Detector

Hollow Cathode Detector

Recent HPLC Detector

Hollow Cathode Detector

Recent HPLC Detector

Hollow Cathode Detector

Recent HPLC Detector

Hollow Cathode Detector

Recent HPLC Detector

Hollow Cathode Detector

Recent HPLC Detector

Hollow Cathode Detector