DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SHOCK ABSORBER

INTRODUCTION

Shock absorber is a mechanical device designed to smooth out or damp shock impulse and dissipate kinetic energy. In a vehicle it reduces the effect of travelling over rough ground, leading to improve ride quality and increase in comfort due to substantially reduced amplitude of disturbances. Basic safety and also travelling ease and comfort to get a motorist are usually equally influenced by the particular vehicle suspension method. Shock absorbers are an important part of an automobile and motor cycle suspensions , air craft landing gear and the supports for many industrial machines.

LITERATURE SURVEY

Any moving object possesses kinetic energy and if the object changes direction or is brought to rest ,it may dissipate kinetic energy in the form of destructive forces within the object.

Ideal springs are not shock absorbers as springs only store and do not dissipate or absorb energy. So damper is employed.
There is a need to store energy first ,energy from transient to steady state nature and that energy can be absorbed or dissipated in the form of heat. When designing or choosing a shock absorber , is where that energy will go. In many dash pots , power is actually transformed into warmth within the viscous liquid.

A typically shock absorber may simply comprise of a compression spring that is capable of absorbing energy. Commonly shock absorbers are known as dashpots which is simply a fluid filled cylinder with an aperture through which could escape under controlled conditions. The dashpot is the building block for pneumatic and hydraulic shock absorbers. These shock absorbers essentially consist of a cylinder, filled with air or fluid, with a sliding piston that moves to dissipate or absorb energy, and in these cases the energy is usually dissipated as heat.

Important zone for shock absorber

r>2

The ideal spring for automotive suspension would be one which would absorb road shock rapidly and then return to its normal position slowly. Such an ideal spring is not possible . An extremely flexible or soft spring would allow too much movement. A stiff, or hard spring would give too rough a ride. However , satisfactory riding qualities are attained by using a fairly soft spring with shock absorber.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

Study the causes of bouncing problems of the vehicle. Compare the failure parts performance in terms of its yield strength between beryllium copper and spring steel.

Springs in parallel combination is used further for a comfortable ride.

METHODOLOGY

In this project shock absorber is designed and a 3D model is created using NX 7.5 . The model is also changed by adding another spring in parallel . Structural analysis is done to validate the strength. Analysis is done in ansys workbench . ANSYS Workbench is a general purpose finite element analysis software package. Finite element analysis is a numerical method of deconstructing a complex system into very small pieces called elements.

Springs in parallel

PART DRAWINGS

ASSEMBLY

MESHING

LOADS Fuxed support at top Force at Bottom=250kg

Static Structural Analysis

FOR 250kg load
Material used : structural steel E: 210000N/mm^2 Poissons Ratio (PRXY) : 0.29 Density:0.000007850kg/mm^3

Mode shapes

Mode shapes continued

Load=250kg
E : 280000N/mm^2 Poissons Ratio (PRXY) : 0.285 Density :0.000001850kg/mm^3

Materialused: berylliumcopper

Mode shapes for beryllium copper

Static structural Analysis of concentric springs

Load=250kg Material used

for outer spring- spring steel for inner spring- spring steel

Mode shapes for double springs

Mode shapes continued

CONCLUSION

In this project we have modelled shock absorber by using nx7.5. To validate the strength of the design we have done the structural analysis on shock absorber. We have done analysis by varying pitch and spring materials i.e., spring steel and beryllium copper. Also the shock absorber design is modified by adding spring in parallel to the existing spring and structural analysis is done on shock absorber.