Normal Distribution

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Properties of a Normal Distribution

1. The graph of a normal distribution is a bellshaped curve. 2. The values of the mean, median and mode are all equal. 3. The curve is symmetrical about the vertical axis through the mean. 4. The tails or ends of the curve is asymptotic relative to the horizontal line. 5. The area under the normal curve is equal to one or 100%.

Normal Curve

35

45

55

65

75

85

95

Standard Normal Distribution

Standard Normal Distribution is a distribution where = 0 and = 1 Z-score measures how many standard deviations a particular value is above or below the mean Formula:

where: X is the raw score

is the mean
is the standard deviation

Standard Normal Distribution

Normal Distribution

65 70 75 80 85 90 95
Standard Normal Distribution

-3 -2 -1

Areas Under the Normal Curve

Find the area from Z = 0 to Z = 1.35

Steps in finding the area using the table of values:

1. Draw the normal curve.

-3

-2

-1

Areas Under the Normal Curve

2. Shade the required area.

Areas Under the Normal Curve

3. Use the table of values in getting the area. a. The entries in the leftmost column are the Zs in one-decimal place from 0.0 to 3.9. b. The entries on top represent the columns are the hundredths/s place in the Z-scores. The area from Z = 0 to Z = 1.35 is 0.4115.

Areas Under the Normal Curve

Find the area under the normal curve of the following: 1. between z = 0 and z = 2.21 2. between z = 1.63 and z = 0 3. between z = 2.20 and z = 1.43 4. between z = 2.29 and z = 1.24 5. between z = 0.61 and z = 2.54 6. to the right of z = 1.91 7. to the left of z = 1.71

Finding z Given the Area

Find the value of z given the area under the normal curve: 1. between 0 and +z is 0.3157 2. between z and +z is 0.6124 3. to the right of z is 0.1267 4. to the right of z is 0.8753 5. to the left of z is 0.3154 6. to the left of z is 0.9245

Application of a Normal Curve

1. In an entrance examination given to 700 students, the mean and standard deviation are 80 and 10 respectively. How many of them got a score higher than or equal to 85? 2. The scores of 400 applicants who took the examination in a certain company approximate a normal distribution, with a mean of 75 and a standard deviation of 5. a. How many applicants got a score of 80 and above?

Application of a Normal Curve

b. How many applicants got a score of 90 and below? c. How many applicants got a score from 70 to 80?

d. What is the lowest score of applicants for interview if only the top 15% will be considered?

Application of a Normal Curve

3. The heights of 500 students from the College of Education are normally distributed with a mean height of 5.7 feet and a standard deviation of 1.9 feet. How many of these students have heights of a. less than 5.2 feet b. more than 5.1 feet but not over 5.5 feet c. more than 4.9 feet

Application of a Normal Curve

4. A soft-drink machine is regulated so that it discharges an average of 200 milliliters per cup. If the amount of drink is normally distributed with a standard deviation equal to 15 milliliters. a. What fraction of the cups will contain more than 224 milliliters?

b. What is the probability that a cup contains between 191 and 209 milliliters?

Application of a Normal Curve

5. In a production line, the average number of defective products is 22 with a standard deviation of 3.8. What is the probability that the number of defective products a. will exceed 23? b. will be lower than 17? c. will be between 15 and 25? d. will be between 25 and 32?