5-minute writing

Take out a blank sheet of paper. Write your name at the top. The teacher will give you a topic.

Write a paragraph to answer the topic. Dont stop writing for 5 minutes.

5-minute writing
Topic: What did you do last Monday? (labor day) Describe your day. Be very descriptive and specific. STOP start WRITING writing

Chapter 1 Quiz Corrections

You have 20 minutes to make corrections to your test. You may ONLY use the chapter notes handout. You may NOT talk to other students or use your book. Write the full corrected sentence on a new sheet of paper and turn it in with your test.

AZAR Chapter 2: Past Time

Grammar Foundation Shoup

Chapter Objectives (This week and next week)

Simple Past Tense
regular verbs (use and pronunciation) be verbs irregular verbs

Past Progressive Tense Using time clauses Expressing Past Habit: Used to

Extra Resources
Class Website Links Grammar Links Language Lab: Grammar Sense 1 and 2 Workbook packet with answer key Charts in Chapter 2 (read at home for homework and take your own notes)

Homework: Review Forms

pages 30 32 Exercises 7, 8, and 9

Ask your partner Answer with a full sentence

What did you eat for dinner last night? Where did you go yesterday? What did you do when you woke up this morning? Were you busy yesterday? Who did you talk to yesterday? Did you watch TV yesterday?

Heres how you should have answered

What did you eat for dinner last night? Where did you go yesterday? What did you do when you woke up this morning? Were you busy yesterday? Who did you talk to yesterday? Did you watch TV yesterday? I atefor dinner last night. I wentyesterday. When I woke up this morning, I(simple past). Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt. I talked toyesterday. Yes, I did. / No, I didnt

Match the Q & A

With your partner, match the question to the appropriate answer.
Now, practice the questions and answers as a conversation with your partner. Do each one twice.

Lets Review
simple present simple past present progressive past progressive

What tense?
When people need help with their automobile insurance, they call her.

simple present

What tense?
Right now it is 9:05 am, and Jennifer is sitting at her desk.

present progressive

What tense?
Yesterday Jennifer was late to work because she had a minor auto accident.

simple past

What tense?
Jennifer works for an insurance company.

simple present

What tense?
While she was driving to work, her cell phone rang.

past progressive, simple past

What tense?
She answered it. It was her friend Rob.

simple past

What tense?
She was happy to hear from him because she likes Rob a lot and always enjoys her conversations with him.

simple past, simple present

What tense?
While they were talking, Jennifer, who is allergic to bee stings, noticed two bees in her car.

past progressive, simple present, simple past

What tense?
She quickly opened the car windows and swatted at the bees while she was talking to Rob on the phone.

simple past, past progressive

Please take notes.

Why do we use simple past?

to talk about events that have started and ended in the past.

Mary walked downtown yesterday.

present

How do we form the simple past?

Regular verbs: add ed Irregular verbs:
be: was/were others: see chart on p. 33
She talks on the phone every night. I am usually happy. She talked on the phone last night. I was happy yesterday.

Statements vs. Questions

(reg & irr. verbs)
simple present: They work.

simple past statement:

simple past negative: simple past question:
Yes, they did. / No, they didnt.

They worked.
They didnt work. Did they work?

simple past question:

When did they work?

Change the following into negative statements:

You walked home last night.
You didnt walk home last night.

He ate eggs for breakfast.

We wanted to go home.

He didnt eat eggs for breakfast.

We didnt want to go home.

I found a new dress.

Carlos slept all night.

I didnt find a new dress.

Carlos didnt sleep all night.

They met at a party.

They didnt meet at a party.

Change the following into yes/no questions: (use the same subject)
You walked home last night.
Did you walk home last night?

He ate eggs for breakfast.

We wanted to go home.

Did he eat eggs for breakfast?

Did we want to go home?

I found a new dress.

Carlos slept all night.

Did I find a new dress?

Did Carlos sleep all night?

They met at a party.

Did they meet at a party?

Answer the questions with your own information.

Yes, I did. No, I didnt.

Did you have a good day yesterday? Did you eat dinner before 6 last night? Did you drive to school this morning? Did you study grammar yesterday? Did you grow up in Houston? Did you have a pet when you were a child?

Remember: Singular = was

Statements and Questions (be)

simple present: They are nice.

simple past statement:

simple past negative: simple past question:

They were nice.

They werent nice. Were they nice?

Yes, they were. / No, they werent.

simple past question:

Why were they nice?

Change the following into negative statements.

I was happy yesterday.
I wasnt happy yesterday.

You were at home last night.

We were friends last year.

You werent at home last night. We werent friends last year.

He was tired after work.

She was in class.

He wasnt tired after work. She wasnt in class.

Change the following into yes/no questions. (same subject)

I was happy yesterday.
Was I happy yesterday?

You were at home last night.

We were friends last year.

Were you at home last night? Were we friends last year?

He was tired after work.

She was in class.

Was he tired after work? Was she in class?

Answer the following questions with your own information.

Yes, I was. No, I wasnt

Were you at home last night? Were you good in school when you were young? Were you busy last weekend? Were you in Houston over the Christmas vacation?

Mon.

Pronunciation of Regular Past Tense Verbs (-ed)

/t/: after voiceless sounds
/k/, /p/, /s/, /ch/, /sh/

talked lived waited

/d/: after voiced sounds

/l/, /n/, /v/, /b/, and all vowel sounds

/id/: after /t/ and /d/

Exercise 5, page 28
Write the correct pronunciation after each verb:
/t/ /d/ /id/

Lets Check
4. /t/ 5. /Id/ 6. /t/ 7. /d/ 8. /t/ 9. /Id/ 10./t/

Now, lets repeat all of them.

11./d/ 12./t/ 13./d/ 14./Id/ 15./d/

What verb fits?

(simple past)

Maria walked to school today.

drove Rebecca ___________ her car. rode Olga _________ her bicycle.

took Yoko ____________ the bus.

Exercise 10, page 34 Complete 2 - 10

Work with your partner to complete the sentences with irregular verbs. Choose any verb that makes sense!!

Lets Check
2. slept 3. wore 4. froze 5. drank 6. chose 7. hung 8. rang, woke 9. rose 10. sent

How do you complete this with simple past?

A: (you, sleep)_______________
Did you sleep

well last night?

I did B: Yes, ____________. I (sleep)
slept ____________ very well.

Complete the conversations on page 37 - 38

Exercise 13. (2 5)

We did #1 together.

Lets Check Exercise 13

2. 3. 4. 5. Did Toms plane arriveit didgot Did you goI didntstayeddidnt feel Did Mark Twain writehe didwrote Did you eatI didntI didnt havedidnt ring
Now, practice 1 5 with your partner. Do each one twice.

sleep well last night

Yes/No Question? Short Answer? complete sentence Did you sleep well last night? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. I slept well last night. I didnt sleep well last night.

Page 38 Ask your partner questions with Did you

A 11 16
1. sleep well last night A: Did you sleep well last night? B: Yes, I did. I slept well last night. or No, I didnt. I didnt sleep well last night.

B 31 35

What was he doing a few minutes ago?

He was exercising.

What was he doing a few minutes ago?

He was smoking.

What was he doing a few minutes ago?

He was eating.

What was he doing a few minutes ago?

He was swimming.

What was he doing before he fell asleep?

He was studying.

What was she doing a few minutes ago?

She was sleeping.

What was she doing a few minutes ago?

She was painting.

Ask Your Partner:

What were you doing yesterday at 6pm?

I was watching the news. I was studying grammar. I was cooking dinner.

Past Progressive
was/were + verb-ing
Affirmative: I was working. Negative: I wasnt working. Yes/No Question: Was I working?

Fill in the Chart

Affirmative
I was working. You were shopping.

Negative
I wasnt working. You werent shopping.

Question (Yes/No)
Was I working? Were you shopping? Was he talking on the phone? Was she walking? Was it running? Were we being loud? Were they following me?

He was talking on the phone.

She was walking. It was running. We were being loud. They were following me.

He wasnt talking on the phone.

She wasnt walking. It wasnt running. We werent being loud. They werent following me.

Video: What are you doing?

present continuous: What are you doing? past continuous: What was he doing? / What were they doing? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZMTms4Two

Check your answers

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZMTms4Two

Name a jogger Fiona Andy a street cleaner John Martin Judy a golfer a shopkeeper Agnes Johnny a pedestrian Jessie a bartender a policeman Sandra Perez

what they were doing He was running. She was putting luggage in the boot (trunk). He was looking in his briefcase. He was cleaning the streets. He was putting his card into the machine. He was drawing. She was painting. He was playing golf He was closing up shop. She was feeding the birds. He was playing football. She was crossing the road. She was riding her bike. He was serving drinks. He was writing a ticket. She was talking to the man.

present continuous past continuous

Andre is living in an apartment now.

Andre was living in an apartment five years ago.

The teacher will tell you a sentence. Change it to past progressive.

positive negative
was wasnt were werent

Close your books. Your teacher will read a sentence and choose one student to change that sentence into the negative version.

statements questions

Statement: I was living here last month. Question: Were you living here last month?
The teacher will tell you a sentence. Change it to a past progressive yes/no Change: question. word order: Was/Were + Subject + verb-ing pronoun: I you, our your negative: all questions are positive

Information Questions in Past Progressive

Match the question word with the rest of the question

What __________were you doing at 10:00 last night? What __________ were you saying a minute ago? Who was helping you with the assignment? ________ Where __________ was he going? How __________ were you getting to work? How long __________were you working there? How __________ were they earning money? Why __________ was he running out the door? Who __________ was coming in the door? How much __________were you earning last year?

True or False: About Your Teacher

3 years ago I was living in Japan. T 2 years ago I was thinking about getting F married. 5 years ago I was singing in a rock band. F 10 years ago I was living in Germany. T 20 years ago I was singing in a Russian opera.

Wed.

Your Turn
Write down 2 False and 2 True things about what you were doing in the past. Use past progressive. Make sure to put them in random order. Your partner has to guess which are true and which are false.

Past Continuous: Three Uses

Use 1:
Past actions that were in progress at a particular time in the past; actions that were not yet finished at a past time

Erikas Schedule 8 9: had breakfast 9 10: finished her homework 10 11: exercised 11 12: cooked lunch 12 2: shopped 2 5: talked to a friend on the phone

At 8:30, Erika _________________ breakfast.

At 9:15, she ___________________ her homework.

At 10, she _____________________. At 11:30, she ___________________. At 11, she ____________________ lunch. At 12:30, she ___________________. At 3, she ______________ to a friend.

Tell a classmate use past continuous

verbs: I was _______ing
Where were you last Thursday at 8 p.m.? What were you doing? What were you doing Friday at 5 p.m.? What were you doing Sunday morning at 7 a.m.? What were you doing yesterday at this time? What were you doing last week at this time? What were you doing last year at this time?

Past Continuous, continued

Use 2: Two (or more) actions that were in progress in the past at the same time

Use while Examples: Sorry, I wasnt listening to you while you were talking. While I was reading, he was writing.

Past Continuous, continued

Use 3: Describe and set the scene; tell what was happening or in progress when something else happened or interrupted a past in-progress action I was reading a letter when the phone rang.

Form: Using simple past and past continuous together

Use past continuous to say what was in progress I was crossing the street Use simple past for the interrupting action when the driver ran the red light.

Other examples:

I was sleeping when the telephone rang and woke me up. We were watching the news when the announcer made a special live report.

He was driving too fast when he crashed the car. I was trying to study when you called.

Practice: Do you have a good memory? Are you a good witness?

Directions: Look at the following picture for one minute. Try to remember as many details as you can, but dont write anything.

Only one minute

Ready, go .

One minute

What do you remember?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. How many people were there? Where were the people? What was hanging from the ceiling? What was the bank robber holding? What was the bank robber wearing? What color was his hair? What was covering the bank robbers face? Was the bank robber right-handed or left-handed? What was the bank manager doing? What was the bank teller doing? Who was walking into the bank? What time was it? What was under the bank managers desk?

Lets Check

Form of Past Continuous

Subject + was / were + verb+ing Negative: Subject + was / were + not + verb+ing

Yes/ No Question: Was / Were + subject + + verb+ing ?

Information Question: (WH) + Was / Were + subject + + verb+ing ?

Remember ing spelling rules?

Verb ending in... How to make the -ING form Examples

(Most verbs)

Add -ING

say - saying go - going walk - walking swim - swimming hit - hitting get - getting

1 vowel + 1 consonant

Double the consonant, then add -ING

1 vowel + 1 consonant + E Final ie

Remove E, then add ING Change ie to y, then add -ING

come - coming lose - losing live living die dying tie tying

A little practice
1. The telephone (ring) when I (take a shower). 2. I (eat) dinner when you (come) to visit. 3. It (begin) to rain while they (walk) home. 4. We (see) an accident when we (drive) on the freeway.

5. The driver (no pay) attention to the cars in front when he (crash) into the red convertible.
6. She (chop) onions when she (cut) her finger. 7. They (watch) TV when the electricity (go) out. 8. A: What (you, do) yesterday at 5:00? I tried to call you but no one answered. B: I didnt hear the telephone. I (vacuum).

Final Tips
Use while for two actions in progress at the same time in the past: She was talking while he was driving. Use when when telling about sequence of events (one action that was in progress that was interrupted by another event in the past): I was just leaving when you called.
(first action in progress) (interrupting event)

Punctuation with When and While

When and while at the front of a sentence, use a comma: When you called, I was watching TV. While he was washing the clothes, I was doing the dishes. When and while in the middle of a sentence, no comma I was watching TV when you called. I was doing the dishes while he was washing the clothes.

The simple past and the past progressive do not mean exactly the same. Compare:

When Mary arrived, we were having dinner. This means that we already started dinner before Mary arrived.

When Mary arrived, we had dinner.

This means that Mary arrived first and then we had dinner.

What were Mike and Louise doing yesterday?

Ask your partner

What did you do after you finished class on Monday? What did you do before you came to class today? What did you do as soon as you woke up this morning?

What did you do after you finished class on Monday?

After I finished class on Monday, I went home.

I went home after I finished class on Monday.

Whats the difference?

What did you do before you came to class today?

Before I came to class today, I studied Chapter 2.

I studied Chapter 2 before I came to class today.

Whats the difference?

What did you do as soon as you woke up this morning?

As soon as I woke up this morning, I remembered all of the work I had to do. I remembered all of the work I had to do as soon as I woke up this morning. Whats the difference?

So, whats the rule?

Time clause, main clause.

or
Main clause time clause. (no comma)

Exercise 22 page 49
First: I got home. Then: I ate dinner. After. or after After I got home, I ate dinner. I ate dinner after I got home. I got home after I ate dinner. XXX (wrong) Now, just say each of the sentences correctly on page 49.

Used to + Verb (simple)

Talk about the past Something thats not true in the present

Positive: Negative: Question:

past

used to didnt use to Did use to?

present

Used to + Verb(simple)
We use 'used to' for something that happened regularly in the past but no longer happens.
I used to smoke a pack a day, but I stopped two years ago. Ben used to travel a lot in his job, but now he doesn't. I used to drive to work, but now I take the bus.
past present

Used to + Verb (simple)

We also use it for something that was true but no longer is.
There used to be a cinema in the town, but now there isn't. She used to have really long hair, but she's had it all cut off. I didn't use to like him, but now I do.
past present

Match

What did you use to do that you dont do now?

Write down 3 things you used to do when you were younger. Make sure that you dont do these activities now. Use this sentence pattern to tell your partner:
I used to _____, but I dont anymore.

used to = expresses a past situation or habit that no longer exists at present.

Ask your partner used to + simple form of verb

negative didnt use to

A: Now you live in Houston. Where did you use to live? B: I used to live in ______________. A: Now you are studying English. What did you use to study? B: I used to study ______________.

Exercise 27, page 54

Work in pairs. Use used to. A ask the question B answer the question + ask A the same question