Introduction to Business Continuity

Module 3.1

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Introduction to Business Continuity

After completing this module, you will be able to: Define Business Continuity and Information Availability

Detail impact of information unavailability

Define BC measurement and terminologies Describe BC planning process Detail BC technology solutions

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 2

What is Business Continuity

Business Continuity is preparing for, responding to, and recovering from an application outage that adversely affects business operations Business Continuity solutions address unavailability and degraded application performance BC is an integrated and enterprise wide process and set of activities to ensure information availability

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 3

What is Information Availability (IA)

IA refers to the ability of an infrastructure to function according to business expectations during its specified time of operation IA can be defined in terms of three parameters:
Accessibility
Information should be accessible at right place and to the right user

Reliability
Information should be reliable and correct

Timeliness
Information must be available whenever required

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 4

Causes of Information Unavailability

Disaster (<1% of Occurrences) Natural or man made
Flood, fire, earthquake Contaminated building

Unplanned Outages (20%) Failure

Database corruption Component failure Human error

Planned Outages (80%) Competing workloads

Backup, reporting Data warehouse extracts Application and data restore

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 5

Impact of Downtime
Lost Productivity Number of employees impacted (x hours out * hourly rate)
Know the downtime costs (per hour, day, two days...)

Lost Revenue Direct loss Compensatory payments Lost future revenue Billing losses Investment losses

Damaged Reputation Customers Suppliers Financial markets Banks Business partners

Financial Performance Revenue recognition Cash flow Lost discounts (A/P) Payment guarantees Credit rating Stock price

Other Expenses Temporary employees, equipment rental, overtime costs, extra shipping costs, travel expenses...
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Measuring Information Availability

MTTR Time to repair or downtime

Response Time

Recovery Time

Detection

Repair

Restoration

Incident

Diagnosis

Recovery

Time Incident

Detection elapsed time

Repair time

MTBF Time between

failures or uptime

MTBF: Average time available for a system or component to perform its normal operations between failures MTTR: Average time required to repair a failed component

IA = MTBF / (MTBF + MTTR) or IA = uptime / (uptime + downtime)

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Availability Measurement Levels of 9s Availability

% Uptime % Downtime Downtime per Year Downtime per Week

98% 99% 99.8%

2% 1% 0.2%

7.3 days 3.65 days 17 hrs 31 min

3hrs 22 min 1 hr 41 min 20 min 10 sec

99.9%
99.99%

0.1%
0.01%

8 hrs 45 min
52.5 min

10 min 5 sec
1 min

99.999%
99.9999%
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0.001%
0.0001%

5.25 min
31.5 sec

6 sec
0.6 sec
Introduction to Business Continuity - 8

BC Terminologies
Disaster recovery
Coordinated process of restoring systems, data, and infrastructure required to support ongoing business operations in the event of a disaster Restoring previous copy of data and applying logs to that copy to bring it to a known point of consistency Generally implies use of backup technology

Disaster restart
Process of restarting from disaster using mirrored consistent copies of data and applications

Generally implies use of replication technologies

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 9

BC Terminologies (Cont.)
Recovery Point Objective (RPO) Point in time to which systems and data must be recovered after an outage Amount of data loss that a business can endure Recovery Time Objective (RTO) Time within which systems, applications, or functions must be recovered after an outage Amount of downtime that a business can endure and survive

Weeks Days Hours

Tape Backup Periodic Replication Asynchronous Replication

Weeks

Tape Restore Disk Restore Manual Migration

Days
Hours Minutes

Minutes Seconds

Synchronous Replication

Seconds

Global Cluster

Recovery-point objective
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Recovery-time objective
Introduction to Business Continuity - 10

Business Continuity Planning (BCP) Process

Identifying the critical business functions Collecting data on various business processes within those functions Business Impact Analysis (BIA)
Risk Analysis
Assessing, prioritizing, mitigating, and managing risk

Designing and developing contingency plans and disaster recovery plan (DR Plan)

Testing, training and maintenance

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 11

BC Technology Solutions
Following are the solutions and supporting technologies that enable business continuity and uninterrupted data availability:
Single point of failure Multi-pathing software Backup and replication
Backup recovery Local replication
Remote replication

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 12

Resolving Single Points of Failure

Clustered Servers Heartbeat Connection Redundant Ports Redundant Arrays

Client

FC Switches

IP
Storage Array Storage Array Remote Site Redundant Network

Redundant Paths Redundant FC Switches

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 13

Multi-pathing Software
Configuration of multiple paths increases data availability Even with multiple paths, if a path fails I/O will not reroute unless system recognizes that it has an alternate path Multi-pathing software helps to recognize and utilizes alternate I/O path to data

Multi-pathing software also provide the load balancing

Load balancing improves I/O performance and data path utilization

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 14

Backup and Replication

Local Replication
Data from the production devices is copied to replica devices within the same array The replicas can then be used for restore operations in the event of data corruption or other events

Remote Replication
Data from the production devices is copied to replica devices on a remote array In the event of a failure, applications can continue to run from the target device

Backup/Restore
Backup to tape has been a predominant method to ensure business continuity Frequency of backup is depend on RPO/RTO requirements
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Module Summary
Key points covered in this module: Importance of Business Continuity

Types of outages and their impact to businesses

Information availability measurements Definitions of disaster recovery and restart, RPO and RTO Business Continuity technology solutions overview

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Introduction to Business Continuity - 16

Concept in Practice EMC PowerPath

Host Based Software
SERVER

Host Application (s) PowerPath

SCSI Driver SCSI SCSI SCSI Driver Driver Driver SCSI SCSI Driver Driver
SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI ControllerController ControllerController ControllerController

Resides between application and SCSI device driver Provides Intelligent I/O path management Transparent to the application Automatic detection and recovery from host-to-array path failures
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Storage Network

STORAGE

LUN LUN LUN LUN

Introduction to Business Continuity - 17

Check Your Knowledge

Which concerns do business continuity solutions address? Availability is expressed in terms of 9s. Explain the relevance of the use of 9s for availability, using examples. What is the difference between RPO and RTO? What is the difference between Disaster Recovery and Disaster Restart? Provide examples of planned and unplanned downtime in the context of data center operations. What are some of the Single Points of Failure in a typical data center environment?
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