Subsea Production Systems

SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEMS

Why Do We Need Subsea Processing?
Oil & gas fields being discovered in deeper, more remote places
Fields further away from host facilities or shore
Increased recovery factors
Improved flowrates
Improved flow assurance
Potential cost savings over use of conventional technology, second
pipeline
Improved project economics
PROCESSING
Subsea processing can be defined as any handling and treatment of the produced
fluids for mitigating flow assurance issue prior to reaching the platform or
onshore. This includes boosting, separation, solids management, heat exchanging,
gas treatment and chemical injection. Boosting system, mainly consisting of
various pumps fitted for the fluid to be transported. It is a system used for
increasing pressure in flow pipes on order to enhance flow capacity. Separation is
consisting of a bulk separator tailored for subsea use. It is a system designed for
separation fluid and gas from a multi-phase fluid. There are two major types of
separation, two phase separation to split gas and liquid and three phase
separation splitting oil, gas and water. Chemical injection some of the chemicals
used is corrosion inhibitors, workover /packer fluids hydrate and paraffin
inhibitors, defamers, solvents glycol, and diesel. These chemicals are typically used
for batch treatments; small-volume continues injections, and remedial treatments
such as workover operations
Subsea Tree
Subsea Control Module
Valves & Chokes
Temperature Sensors
Pressure Sensors
Sand Detectors
Corrosion Monitors
Subsea Electronics Module (SEM)
UMBILICAL SYSTEMS
It is a bundled arrangement of tubing, piping, and electrical
conductors in an armored sheath that is installed form the
host facility to the subsea production system equipment an
umbilical is used to transmit the control fluid san electrical
current necessary to control the functions of the subsea
production and safety equipment (tree, Valves, manifold,ect)
dedicated tubes in an umbilical are used to monitor pressure
and inject fluids ( Chemicals such as methanol ) from the host
facility to critical areas within the subsea production
equipment. Electrical conductors transmit power to operate
subsea electronic devices

Application:
Integrated flowline, control umbilical and
power cable
Advantages:
Simplified subsea architecture
Cheaper faster installation
Can be used as production flowline or
service line
Trace heating and monitoring
Disadvantages
installation vessel size
jointing of super duplex offshore
INTEGRATED PRODUCTION UMBILICAL
MANIFOLD
The manifold is an
arrangement of piping
and valves designed to
combine, distribute,
control, and often
monitor fluid flow. A
subsea manifold collects
flow from multiple wells
before transporting the
fluid to host facility.
Subsea manifolds are
installed on the seabed
within an array of wells to
gather production or to
inject water or gas into
wells

Jumpers
It is a short pipe
connector that is used to
transport production
fluid between two subsea
components for example,
a tree and manifold and
anther manifold

Subsea wellheads

Wellhead is general term used
to describe the pressure-
containing component at the
surface of an oil well that
provides the interface for
drilling, completion, and
testing of all subsea operation
phases the primary purpose of
wellhead is provide the
suspension point and pressure
seals for casing strings that run
from the bottom of the hole
sections to the surface
pressure control equipment

SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
MULTI PHASE PUMP
Application:
Well stream energy enhancement
Advantages:
Drawdown of wellhead pressure
Increased production rates
Increase reservoir recovery
Increased tie-back distance
Separated liquids evacuation
INJECTION PUMP
Application
Water injection pressure boosting
Advantages:
Increased injection rates
Increased tie-back distance
Ability to inject produced water or sea water subsea
SUBSEA GAS COMPRESSOR
Application:
Subsea gas compression
Advantages:
Drawdown of wellhead pressure
Increased production rates
Increase reservoir recovery
Increased tie-back distance
Separated gas evacuation
High tolerance for liquid droplets
COMPACT SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY
Application:
Compact gas, oil and water 2 or 3
phase separation
Advantages:
Small size and weight
SUBSEA SEPARATION SYSTEM
Gas Compressor
Separator
Water Injection
Trees
Oil and Gas Export
Lines
Power and Control
Umbilicals
Subsea Production
Trees
Booster Pump
Separation System functionality
2 or 3 phase separation of
wellstream
Increase production
Increase reservoir recovery
Improve flow assurance
Debottleneck flowlines, riser and
topside systems.
Re-inject produced water