PRESENTED BY :

Krishan Kumar
K. V. Vikaspuri
How will you find the area of this triangle?.


24 cm
8 cm


This is a right angled triangle and we know that
area of this triangle = *base *height

Area of this triangle = *8*24
=96 sq.cm
How will you find the area of this equilateral triangle ?



10 cm 10 cm



10 cm


How will you find the area of this isosceles triangle ?



12 cm 12 cm



10 cm



We know the lengths of the sides of the
scalene triangle and not the height. Can you
still find its area ?
Herons formula
Heron gave the famous formula for finding the area of
a triangle in terms of its three sides.

The formula given by him is known as Herons
formula.
It is stated as :
area of triangle = s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
Where a,b and c are sides of the triangle ,and s= semi-
perimeter i.e. S= a+b+c/2
About Herons
Heron was born in about 10AD possibly in Alexandria
in Egypt. His works on mathematical and physical
subjects are so numerous and varied that he is
considered to be an encyclopedic writer in this fields.
His geometrical works deal largely with problems on
mensuration written in three books. Book 1 deals with
the area of squares, rectangles ,triangles, various other
specialised quadrilaterals, the regular polygons . n this
book ,Heron has derived famous formula for the area
of a triangle in terms of its three sides.
Herons formula is helpful where we
know the three sides of triangle and
it is not possible to find the height
of the triangle easily.
To find the area of triangle using
Herons formula
Q. Find the area of the triangle ,whose sides are 40 m, 24 m, 32 m .

Solution : let us take a =40 m, b = 24 m , c = 3

so that we have s = 40+24+32/2 = 48 m
s a = (48 40) m = 8 m,
s b = (48 24) m = 24 m,
s c = (48 32) m = 16 m.
Therefore, area of the triangle

= s(s a) (s b) (s c)

= 48 8 24 16m2 = 384m2
PROOF OF THE HERONS FORMULA
Let a, b and c be the lengths and h be the height to the side of length c

We have s = a+b+c
2 a h b
2s = a +b +c
2(s-a) =b+C-a p q
2(s-b) =a+c-b c
2(s-c) = a+b-c
There is at least one side of our triangle for which the altitude lies
"inside" the triangle. For convenience make that the side of length c.

p + q = c





Application of Herons Formula in
Finding Areas of Quadrilaterals



Area of a quadrilateral whose sides and
one diagonal are given, can be
calculated by dividing the quadrilateral
into two triangles and using the
Herons formula.

Sanya has a piece of land which is in the shape of a rhombus
(see Fig. 12.13). She wants her one daughter and one son to work on the land and
produce different crops. She divided the land in two equal parts. If the perimeter of
the land is 400 m and one of the diagonals is 160 m, how much area each of them will
100
get for their crops? A D
Solution : Let ABCD be the field.
Perimeter = 400 m
So, each side = 400 m 4 = 100 m. 1601 100 m
i.e. AB = AD = 100 m.
Let diagonal BD = 160 m. B C

Then semi-perimeter s of ABD is given by 100 m
s =
100+ 100 +160/2
= 180 m
Therefore, area of ABD = 180(180 100) (180 100) (180 160)
= 180 80 80 20 m2 = 4800 m2
Therefore, each of them will get an area of 4800 m2.