H. Sakurai RIKEN Nishina Center/ Univ. of Tokyo 1. What is the RIBF ? 2. Nuclear Physics Programs Spectroscopy on neutron-rich nuclei SHE 3. Summary RIPS GARIS 60~100 MeV/nucleon ~5 MeV/nucleon 350-400 MeV/nucleon Old facility New facility RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF) BigRIPS SRC RILAC AVF RRC fRC IRC Experiment facility Accelerator SHARAQ (CNS) SAMURAI ZeroDegree SLOWRI SCRIT RI-ring SHE Z=113 Intense (80 kW max.) H.I. beams (up to U) of 345AMeV at SRC Fast RI beams by projectile fragmentation and U-fission at BigRIPS Operation since 2007 To be funded <10 MeV/nucleon CRIB (CNS) K980-MeV Intermediate stage Ring Cyclotron (IRC) Worlds First and Strongest K2600MeV Superconducting Ring Cyclotron Worlds Largest Acceptance 9 Tm Superconducting RI beam Separator 400 MeV/u Light-ion beam 345 MeV/u Uranium beam SRC BigRIPS ~250-300 MeV/nucleon RIB 8300 tons Press-Conference on June 8 th , 2010 T. Ohnishi et al., JPSJ 79, 073201 (2010) D.Kameda et al., PRC 84 054319 (2012); 18 new isomers U-238 Acceleration at Super-Conducting Cyclotron U-238 beam Be production target Setup to search for new n-rich isotopes new isotopes Z, A/Q Projectile Fragmentation In-flight U fission & P.F. p r o t o n s
neutrons New Element 278 113 04 July 23 18:55 57 fb Exploration of the Limit of Existence stable nuclei ~300 nuclei unstable nuclei observed so far ~2700 nuclei drip-lines (limit of existence)theoretical predictions) ~6000 nuclei magic numbers R-process path Nuclear Physics Shell Evolution : magicity loss and new magicity Shape ? Shell gap ? Cluster formation? Role of 3NF ? Magicity loss ? 50, 82, 126, Liberation from Stable Region and Emergence of Exotic Nuclei (1) Skin thickness? Density distribution? Skin structure ? di-neutrons? p-n? Exotic collective modes of skin Density distribution
r Neutron+ proton neutrons Spherical Deformed neutron skin proton- neutron matter Dynamics of new material : Neutron-skinhalo E(2 + ) Liberation from Stable Region and Emergence of Exotic Nuclei (2) R-process path: Synthesis up to U Necessary of experimental investigation for nuclear properties of heavy and neutron-rich nuclei Mass, life-time, decay mode EOS: Asymmetric nuclear matter SN explosion, neutron-star, gravity wave Mean field + Dilute system : BEC-BCS cross over ? High density : 3NF, especially for T=3/2 ? mass half-life excited states deformation charge radii matter radii charge distribution matter distribution EM moments single particle states astrophysical reactions giant resonances exotic modes HI collisions (EOS) IRC-to-RIPS BT SLOWRI SHARAQ spectrometer SAMURAI SCRIT Rare RI ring U Tokyo New Experimental Devices of RIBF for several 100 1000 species 2008- 2009- 2012- e+RI (Sn-132) 2013- Funded in 2012, Ni-78 2015- ZeroDegree Funded 2013!! being funded To maximize the potentials of intense RI beams available at RIBF gas-catcher mass multi-use 2012- PID for ejectiles High resolution Large acceptance SCRIT Electron Scattering Facility 2009 Facility constructions 2010 Tuning of accelerators Installation of SCRIT 2011 SCRIT performance test ISOL commissioning 2012 Test of RI production Tuning of ISOL 2013 Upgrade RTM Construction e-Spectrometer Full-scale RI production Start Experiments for RIs Wakasugi et al. Achieved luminosity 1.810 27 /(cm 2 s) Ion trapping efficiency 85 % at 240 mA Commissioning of ISOL and preparation of UCx target Test Experiments using Stable 133 Cs Test with stable Xe isotopes Mass resolution M/DM 1660 Overall efficiency 21 % Training of target production 238 UO 2 +C (disk) UCx ( 238 U 30g) Measurements of Electrons elastically scattered from trapped Cs ions in SCRIT with Cs without Cs Rare RI Ring for mass measurement Construction started in April 2012! Ozawa, Wakasugi, Uesaka et al. Specialized to mass measurements of r-process nuclei Low production rate (~1/day) Short life time (<50ms) Key technologies: Isochronous ring T/T < 10 -6 for p/p=0.5% Individual injection triggered by a detector at BigRIPS efficiency ~ 100% even for a cyclotron beam Schedule: 2014 Commissioning run 2015~ Mass measurements of RI Bending Magnet Superconducting Large BL (7Tm) Large pole gap (80cm) Weight ~ 600 ton Neutron Proton Heavy Ion TPC (not shown in picture) Spectroscopy of Unbound States e.g. (g,n) (p,2p) Missing Mass Nucl. Astrophys. (p,g) Deuteron expts for 3NF Nucl. Matter d setup (not shown in picture) 15M$ covers SC-Magnet 9M$ Detectors neutron counter electronics, software STQ for BT SAMURAI Spectrometer Kobayashi et al 2012- versatile spectrometer with a large superconducting magnet IBS, Korea U, SNU, Hoseo U Joining the project Commissioning Experiment March 2012 Experimental Devices available at the new facility High resolution spectrometer via dispersion matching mode SHARAQ(2009~) CNS-UT ZeroDegree (2008~) SAMURAI (2012~) Versatile spectrometer with a large superconducting magnet Multi-function BT line Spectroscopy w/ reactions Decay spectroscopy SRC Three Spectrometers at RIBF Ca-48 Acceleration at Super-Conducting Cyclotron Ca-48 beam Be production target Spectroscopy via reactions in the case of in-beam gamma Secondary target Gamma-detectors to measure de-excited gamma rays PID at ZeroDegree 20 8 28 34 Mg 30 Ne 32 Mg 31 F Stability enhancement 20 8 28 34 Mg 30 Ne 32 Mg 31 F Stability enhancement Doornenbal, Scheit, et al. Ne-32 1 st excited states: PRL 103, 032501 (2009) New states in 31,32,33 Na: PRC 81, 041305R (2010) Mg-36,-38; PRL, in press F-29: in preparation Takeuchi et al. Si-42 : PRL109, 182501 (2012) Island? Peninsula!! Magicity loss at N=20 and N=28 RIBF N=28 magicity might be lost in the Mg and Si nuclei.
Mechanism of large deformation? New Magicity of N=34 in the Ca isotopes D. Steppenbeck et al., Nature Zn-70 -> Ti-56, Sc-55 Ti-56, Sc-55 + Be -> Ca-54 + X Zn-70 primary beam (100 pnA max) Ti-56 120 pps/pnA, Sc-55 12 pps/pnA U-238 Acceleration at Super-Conducting Cyclotron U-238 beam Be production target Particle Identification of RI beams Decay Spectroscopy Setup Beta-delayed gamma -> Ge detectors HI implanted and beta-rays -> active stopper (DSSSD) 1 st decay spectroscopy 2009 Dec. U beam intensity 0.1-0.2 pnA on average 2.5 days for data accumulation Exotic Collective-Motions at A~110 and Their Applications to the R-process Nucleosynthesis Development of axial asymmetry in neutron-rich nucleus Mo-110 H. Watanabe et al., Phys.Lett.B 704,270-275(2011) New Half-life data for 18 new isotopes S. Nishimura et al., PRL 106, 052502 (2011) Deformed magic N=64 in Zr isotopes T. Sumikama et al., PRL 106, 202501 (2011) Low-lying level structure of Nb-109: A possible oblate prolate shape isomer H. Watanabe et al., Phys. Lett. B 696, 186-190 (2011) EURICA Project at RIBF RIKEN RIBF (Japan) Euroball Cluster detectors Support structure Readout electronics used for GSI-RISING 2011 Nov. EUROBALL-RIKEN Cluster Array (EURICA) 2012-14 First decay spectroscopy in 2009 Gain Factors from 2009 to 2012-14 for Decay Spectroscopy U-beam intensity x 50 times - 0.2 pnA 10 pnA Gamma-ray efficiency x 10 times - 4 Clover detectors (Det. Effi. ~1.5% at 0.662 MeV) 12 Cluster detectors (Det. Eff. ~ 15 % at 0.662MeV) Beam time x 40 times - 2.5 days (4 papers) 100 days (160 papers) EURICA setup EUroball-RIKEN Cluster Array Ca Zn Kr Xe U He O N d Intensity records and outlook Goal for U beam Max. beam power: 6.2 kW ( 18 O 345 MeV/u) Kamigaito et al. 15pnA Nov., 2012 SRC IRC RILAC RRC fRC AVF New Injector RILAC2 to deliver more intense beam and more opportunities for SHE GARIS (SHE) BigRIPS (RIBF) New Injector 300 days per year for SHE!! RILAC2+ 28GHz SC-ECRIS He gas stripper
K. Morita et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 81 (2012) 103201 Element 113 Summary RIBF has started in operation since 2007.
Primary beam intensity is increased year by year to expand our play ground.
All of experimental devices proposed have been funded to give a diversity of experimental programs.
Bunch of data for shell evolution and nuclear astrophysics are being produced via in-beam gamma spectroscopy and decay spectroscopy.
Element 113 th has been clearly identified. =Radioactive Isotope =Beam =Factory Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility dedicated to mass production of radioactive isotopes as secondary beams (since 2007) Accelerator Facility Area RIKEN Wako Campus The First Decay Spectroscopy at RIBF Sumikama, Nishimura, et al. 2009 Dec. U beam to access A~110 region Collectivity triaxiality, shape-coexistence, R-process, etc. Intensity 0.8 pnA max. 0.1-0.2 pnA on average 2.5 days for data accumulation Clovers (RIKEN) LaBr 3 (Milano) 9 layers of DSSD (RIKEN, TUM) STOP Detector ( Decay experiment ) In-flight Production Method of RI beam Heavy Ion Accelerator magnet system to collect and separate RIs RI Production via projectile fragmentation/fission production target study of nuclei far from stability line via secondary reactions and decay spectroscopy In-flight separator RI beams Physics-based Fast separation 400ns projectile target RI beam Before reaction During reaction After reaction magnets