Functional anatomy of stomach :-

Stomach is a hollow
organ situated just
below the diaphragm
on the left side in the
abdominal cavity.


Volume of empty
stomach : 50 ml.

Parts of stomach :-
Stomach has 4
parts

They are

1. Cardiac region

2. Fundus

3. Body or corpus

4. Pyloric region


Parts of stomach :-
Structure of stomach wall :-
Wall of stomach :-

Glands of stomach :-
Classification of gastric glands :-
Fundic glands

Pyloric glands

Cardiac glands
Fundic glands :-
Fundic glands :-
Secretory function of gastric glands :-
Functions of stomach :-
1. Mechanical function :
a) Storage function

b)Formation of chyme

2. Secretory function

3. Digestive function

4. Protective function



5. Hemopoietic function

6 . Excretory function

7. Absorption

8. Reflex function
Secretion of glands present in the
fundus & body is acidic in reaction and
rich in enzyme & chlorides.

Secretion of glands of pylorus is
alkaline in reaction, rich in mucus and
poor in enzyme & chlorides.

The mixture of secretions from different
gastric glands constitute the gastric
juice.
Properties of gastric juice :-
Volume : 1200 ml / day

Reaction : highly acidic with pH of
0.9 -1.2.

Specific gravity : 1.002 1.004
Composition of gastric juice :-
Gastric juice contains

1. water : 99.5%

2. solids : 0.5%

Gastric
juice
Solids
( 0.5%)
Organic
substances
Enzymes
Other
organic
substances
Inorganic
substances
Water
(99.5%)
Enzymes Other organic
substances
Inorganic
substances
1. Pepsin

2. Rennin

3. Gastric lipase

4. Gelatinase

5. Urase

6. Carbonic
anhydrase



1. Mucus

2. Intrinsic factor
1. Hydrochloric acid

2. Sodium

3. Calcium

4. Potassium

5. Bicarbonate

6. Chloride

7. Phosphate

8. Sulfate

Functions of Gastric juice :-

1. Digestive function

2. Protective function

3. Hemopoietic function

4. Excretory function
Mechanism of HCL secretion :-
Factors stimulating HCl secretion:-
1. Gastrin

2. Vagal stimulation

3. Histamine
Factors inhibiting HCl secretion:-
1. Secretin

2. Gastric inhibitory polypeptide

3. Peptide YY.
Phases of gastric secretion:-
1) Cephalic phase (nervous phase)

2) Gastric phase

3) Intestinal phase

4) Intdigestive phase