GROUP 2

Properties of CO2
3
rd
PEER TEACHING


Carbon Dioxide Properties
Advantages CO2 in EOR
Reduces oil viscosity
Swelling of oil
High solubility in water
Reduces IFT
Immiscible flooding occurs if below MMP,
forming multiple phase solution
Miscible flooding occurs if above MMP, forming
single phase solution
Disadvantages of CO2 Flooding
1. Severe gas channeling due to high gas mobility
Gas channeling causes most of the oil reservoir to be bypassed as oil is left
behind

2. CO2 is expensive to transport and not always available
Special handling of produced gas

3. Carbon dioxide and water forms carbonic acid which is corrosive

4. Free CO2 with low viscosity would promote early BT to producing
well

Sensitivity to Oil Properties
Oil recovery decreases with increasing:
Oil density
Oil viscosity
Formation volume factor
(Nasir & Amiruddin)
Viscosity
Viscosity affects the mobility ratio of the fluid
M<1 favourable, M>1 poor

=

(2)

()

=
Density
Density is closely related to viscosity
Effect of gravity segregation (density difference
between oil and injected gas.
Higher oil density, density difference would be
greater, gravity segregation is more severe
RF expected to decrease
Oil formation volume factor

=




Amount of injected gas is insufficient to mobilize
the oil
Sensitivity to CO2 Properties
Oil recovery decreases with increasing:
Oil density
Oil viscosity
Formation volume factor

(Nasir & Amiruddin)
Viscosity

=

(2)

()

=


Density
Density is closely related to viscosity
Changes the mobility ratio
Density increase, RF increase
Gas formation volume factor

, greater gas expansion in reservoir,

causing increases in gas volume to be miscible
with oil, oil viscosity reduce, RF increase.

Conclusion
Most sensitive property is the FVF
By changing 1% of each properties (Nasir &
Amiruddin)

Properties Average Fractional
change (%)
Recovery factor
Oil density 6.6
Oil viscosity 1.9
Oil FVF 20
Gas density 9
Gas viscosity 5.6
Gas FVF 9.6
REFERENCES
Nasir, F. M., & Amiruddin, N. A. Miscible CO2 Injection: Sensitivity to Fluid
Properties.
Universal Industrial Gases, Carbon Dioxide (CO
2
) Properties, Uses, Applications
CO
2
Gas and Liquid Carbon Dioxide, retrieved from
http://www.uigi.com/carbondioxide.html