DEFINING AND ASSESSING RISK

DONNY ZULFIQAR
(06050001218)
HERU SANTOSO
(060500142Y)
MUHAMMAD ALI UMAR ISMAIL
(0605001617)
 STRATEGIC AND OPERATIONAL RISK

 The strategic risks are  Operational risks require

the issues which require board involvement, but are
companies to think on a implemented at a lower
grand scale. These risks level.
should be tackled at  Operational risk can be
board level and require categorized according to
strategic planning. when they occur. Some
occur at suppliers, others
 Strategic risks are :
at the point of production,
 Government Action in the distribution chain or
 Customers when the product is
 Competitors consumed. Graph 1
 New technology
 STRATEGIC RISK CONT.

 Government action (economic change and new

legislation), companies operate in an increasingly
regulated world, and government plans (both home and
abroad) need to be forecasted.
 Customers also bring strategic risk because their
changing attitudes and expectations makes them less
predictable than before.
 Competition which is changing and becoming global. No
market is immune from new competition, especially one
which is profitable.
 New technology is bringing new threats and
opportunities. If managed properly, it can make the
company more competitive.
 OPERATIONAL RISK CONT.
CLASSIFYING RISK BY TIME
SUPPLIERS PROCESS AND DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMERS COMPETITORS
INTERNAL RISK

INTERRUPTION FIRE COUNTERFEITIN PAYMENT COMPETITOR

OF SUPPLIES G PROBLEMS ACTIVITY

POOR QUALITY POLLUTION TEMPERING CHANGING

SUPPLIES NEEDS

FRAUD PRODUCT
LIABILITY

COMPUTERS

ACCIDENTS

LABOUR
DISPUTES
 OPERATIONAL RISK CONT.
CLASSIFYING RISK BY CAUSE
 It is useful to examine the causes of risk and to see which
assets they will affect. This helps the company to decide
which assets are vulnerable, and how they should be
protected. Graph 2
 Who is at risk?
 The effects of risk sometimes ripple outwards from the
single worker towards the general population. At the
front line of risk is the individual worker who will be
hurt if his or her clothing caught in machinery.
Sometimes, several workers at a plant are hurt, for
example if a train ploughs into lineside rail workers.
 WHO IS AT RISK?CONT.

 Beyond the factory gets, the local population is at risk. A

chemical plant might send a fireball into adjoining
streets, causing damage to buildings, passers-by and
local office workers. Less dramatically, dust, smoke or
odour from a plant can extend over the local town.
 At the extreme is a risk to the general population. This is
not a problem facing many companies, but it is found in
energy (where power stations and their emissions cover
the country). The Chernobyl accident affected
populations from Russia to as far away as Welsh hill
farmers, who were restricted from selling their sheep.
Subsequently, if they cause the share price to fall, risks
affect the shareholder.
 Assessing Risks

 Assess the risks (audit and measure)

 Set priorities (determine the highest
priority risks)
 Prevent (minimize risk, transfer risk,
spread risk)
 Plan (minimize the scale of problem)
 Probability and Severity
 A risk which has a high impact and is
probable should be tackled urgently.
 Severity use for multipying the
probality factor.
Implementing The Assessment
 Purpose of the assignment
 Nature of the risk. Description of the
project.
 Resources involved or affected
 Scale of the impact
 Benefits of the hazard
Implementing The Assessment
cont.
 Mitigating factors
 Contingency plans
 Limitations of the assessment
 Conclusions and recommendations
 Action taken
 SIMPLER ASSESSMENTS
 Gathering the information : Data gathering
should start with published economic or
industry spesific information.
 Otherways of analyzing risk : the company can
draw flow chart showing process and the
movement of material through the business.
 Further analysis
 ASSESSING VULNERABILITY

 After the data has been gathered, the

company should determine which
types of threat the company is
vulnerable to.
STUDY CASE FOR DEFINING AND ASSESSING
RISK
PT. ANTAM
 As we know every company in the world must have
many risks to deal with. The risk should be managed
properly in order to minimize those risks and obtain
profit for the company. If the company doesn’t have
the ability to manage those risks the company will
definitely suffer from loss.
 The first way that the company can do to conduct the
risks management is defining those risks, secondly is
assessing those risks, third is to set priorities, fourth
step is to prevent the risks from happening, and
finally the last step to do is to plan for the worst.
CASE STUDY FOR DEFINING AND ASSESSING
RISK
PT. ANTAM
 For the example we take PT. ANTAM as our case study,
because this kind of company usually has many risks to
manage. And we will explain how PT. ANTAM defines risks
and then assesses the risk to finally manage properly those
risks so they can earn profit.
 PT. ANTAM faces many risks such as :
 Strategic Risks
 Government Factors : ANTAM can be affected by either
positive and negative change in government, government
policies, and also instability in politic, social, and law.
 Economic Factors : ANTAM also faces economical risks such as
if the government failure in reforming financial policies that
the government can not afford loan from international financial
board or maybe a decrease in Indonesia economic growth.
STUDY CASE FOR DEFINING AND ASSESSING
RISK
PT. ANTAM
 Operational Risks
 Process and internal risks
 Accident, fire, pollution.
 Next we will explain how PT. ANTAM manages their
operational risks.
 Defining : In this step Antam defines the risk may that
occur during their operational process such as accident
(such as landslide leading to death of the employee during
their job), fire, pollution, or even terrorism.
 Assessing :
 Every ANTAM employees have different personality and
character, either obey the safety regulation or not obey the
safety regulation. ANTAM has assessed that employee who
doesn’t obey the safety regulation may cause accident that
would affect to the company.
STUDY CASE FOR DEFINING AND ASSESSING
RISK
PT. ANTAM
 Set priority :
 In this step PT. ANTAM has realized that accident is
the first priority in their risk management because it
happen very probable and the severity for the
company can be said as Catastrophic. If compared to
Fire which is as Catastrophic as mining accident but
it occurs occasionally in PT. ANTAM operational.
 Prevent :
 Risk Minimization such as giving training about safety
regulation to the employee and also provide the best
mining tools in their operation so that the company
can minimize the risk of accident to happen.
 Risk Transfer both the company and the workers
must have an insurance.
 Risk Spread by diversifying.
 SIMPLER ASSESSMENT
RESOURCES SEVERITY OF PROBABILITY SCALE OF THE KEY PROBLEM RISK
THE IMPACT PROBLEM MANAGEMENT
STRATEGY
EMPLOYEE, 4. DEATH, 4. HUMAN 16 SAFETY RENEWING THE
MINING TOOLS, REDUCE ERRORS, LACK REGULATION IS EXPIRED MINING
CAVE PRODUCTION, OF SAFETY NOT TOOLS, GIVING
LOSS CONDUCTED TRAINING
PROPERLY, ABOUT SAFETY
EXPIRED MINING REGULATION
TOOLS
STUDY CASE FOR DEFINING AND ASSESSING
RISK
PT. ANTAM

 Plan for the Worst :

 If the disaster or maybe the accident
happens the company needs to be able to
rescue itself and should have made plans
before that so they can minimize the scale
of the problem.
 We will describe the Simpler Assessment that
PT. ANTAM can use to assess their risk :
 OPERATIONAL RISK CONT.
CLASSIFYING RISK BY CAUSE
ASSETS CAUSE OF RISK

NATURAL GOVT. SUPPLIERS CUSTOMERS PRODUCTION THEFT AND VANDALISM

DISASTER ACTION,ECON PROBLEMS FRAUD AND REVENGE
OMIC FORCES

EXAMPLE FIRE, TAX CHANGES LATE DELIVERY BAD DEBTS LABOUR THEFT OF COMPUTER
EXPLOSION DISPUTES STOCK VIRUS

LAND
×
BUILDINGS
× ×
PLANT AND
EQUIPMENT × ×
CASH
× ×
SALES
× ×