MOTIVATING AND

REWARDING
EMPLOYEES

Achraf El biyad
Pawel Cieciera
Sulipeng
 OUTLINE
Ø Part Ι: Concepts
– 1 Motivation And Individual
Needs
– 2 theories ( X and Y ,
Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs)
•
Ø Part ΙΙ-1: Article Introduction
– 1 Article Author
– 2 Article Objectives
– 3 Article Methodology
Ø Part ΙΙ-2: Article Analysis
– 1 KITA
– 2 Motivation-Hygiene
Theory
– 3 Job Enrichment
Ø Part ΙΙΙ conclusions
– 1 findings
– 2 conclusion
•
what does in your opinion
MOTIVATION mean?
 PART Ι CONCEPTS
Ø Motivation And Individual Needs


 Motivation: “The processes that account for an individual’s The willingness to exert
 high levels of effort to reach organization goals, conditioned by the
effort’s
 ability to satisfy some individual need.”


• Effort: a measure of intensity or drive

• Direction: toward organizational goals
• Need: personalized reason to exert effort


 Individual Needs:
• Primary Needs: Material needs by the wage
• Social Needs: The feeling of membership in a group, Consideration
 and recognition of the superior
• The Needs Of Realization: the needs of security,The tools and
 conditions to work

•

Maslow’s
Hierarchy
 S e lf
of Needs
 E ste e m

 S o cia l

 S a fe ty

 P h ysio lo g ica l
Source: Motivation and Personality, Second Edition, by A. H. Maslow, 1970.
Reprinted by permission of Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

5
 Little Ambition

Theory X Dislike Work

Employees
Avoid Responsibility

Self-Directed

Theory Y Enjoy Work

Employees
Accept Responsibility

6
 “One More Time:
How Do You
Motivate Employees ?”
PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE
INTRODUCTION

---- Frederick Herzberg

Born: in 1923 ---- Dead: in 2000
USA Psychologist
 PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE
INTRODUCTION
(cont’d)
Ø Major Contributions:
– “Motivator-Hygiene Theory”
– “Job Enrichment Approach”
•
Ø Publication Articles
– “One More Time, How Do You Motivate Employees?"
– “Work And The Nature Of Man”
– “The Motivation To Work”
Ø
Ø Social Status
– Professor Of Management At The University Of Utah In
Salt Lake City
– Head Of The Department Of Psychology At Case
Western Reserve University In Cleveland.
•
 PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE
INTRODUCTION
(cont’d)
ARTICLE OBJECTIVES


Ø To introduce the methods to motivate

employees.


Ø To introduce the factors which could

lead employees satisfied and
dissatisfied.
•
Ø To show how to make job enriched and
the steps
 PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE
INTRODUCTION
(cont’d)
ARTICLE METHODOLOGY


Ø Use Numerous Inferences Of Fact.

•
Ø Use The Outcomes Of Social
Investigations


Ø Dog Experiment & Company

Experiment
 PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE
ANALYZE
 MOTIVATION BY “KITA”
Ø What is “KITA”
– KITA = Kick in the pants (1968)
– KITA = Kick in the ass (1987, 2003)

Ø
Ø Various forms of “KITA”
– Negative Physical “KITA”: • Motivation by punishment—
 • A push
•
– Negative Psychological “KITA”: • Move to undesirable office
 • Stop speaking to subordinates
 • Threaten termination
•
– Positive “KITA”: • motivation by reward
 • pull

•
 PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE
INTRODUCTION
(cont’d)
MOTIVATING WITH “KITA”


Ø Positive KITA personnel practices used as an

attempt to instill motivation
• Reducing the time spent at work
• Spiraling wages
• Fringe Benefits
• Human Relations Training
• Sensitivity Training
• Communications
• Two Way Communications
• Job Participation
• Employee Counseling
PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE ANALYZE
(cont’d)
MOTIVATION BY “KITA”


Ø The simplest, surest and most direct

ways to get someone do something
is to administer a KITA
•
Ø But could employees be really
motivated by KITA?
•
•
PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE ANALYZE
(cont’d)
MOTIVATION BY “KITA”


Ø Dog Experiment:
• I have a year-old dog.
• When it was a small puppy and I wanted it
to move, I kicked it in the rear and it
moved.
• Now that I have finished its obedience
training, I hold up a biscuit when I
wanted it to move.
• Who is motivated – I or the dog?
• The dog wants the biscuit, but it is I who
want it to move.
• Again, I am the one who is motivated, and
the dog is the one who moves.
• I exerted a pull instead of a push.
 PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE ANALYZE
(cont’d)


 FINDINGS
Ø KITA brings about only MOVEMENT, it
does not MOTIVATE the object, the
only motivated is KITA’s user
Ø Positive KITA generates high costs
Ø Distinction from the factors that
motivate and these which
demotivate
Ø The most efficient motivation ‘comes
from insidde’
•
FINDINGS
 CONCLUSION
Ø
ØEfficient motivation system should
assume:


ØDeclining an influence of hygiene

factors


ØIncreasing an influence of intrinsic

factors

•Thanks for you
attention