Three Types of Rock

Do Now: Observe the specimen
on your desk
1.What is the specimen called

2.Describe all its characteristics
such as color, texture, size,
hardness.
3.Just by looking at your specimen
can you tell how it was
formed?
Big Idea # 8:
• Essential Question 1: What are the three types
of rocks? How do they form?
• Essential Question 2: What is the difference
between intrusive and extrusive rocks?
• Essential Question 3: How do rocks get
recycled by the earth processes?
• Essential Question 4: How does a rock
compare to a mineral?
Chapter 5 Rocks
Classifying Rocks
Cornell Notes: Rocks
Question/ Vocabulary Notes
•
What •When studying a
rock sample,
characteristics
geologists observe
are used to
the rock’s
identify rocks? •Color
•Texture
•Determine its
mineral
composition
Cornell Notes: Texture
• How can we use •The terms used in
texture to rock description are:
Grain size
describe rocks? Fine-grained
Coarse-grained
Grain shape
Smooth
Jagged
Grain pattern
banded
nonbanded
•
Figure 3Texture helps geologists classify
rocks. Forming Operational Definitions –
Looking at the rocks below, describe the
characteristics of a rock that help you define
what a rock’s “grain” is.
•
What are the •Igneous rock
three major •Sedimentary
groups of rock
rocks? •Metamorphic
rock
•
•
•
•
What are the •Igneous rock
Igneous Forms from the
cooling of molten
Rocks?
rock – either
magma below the
surface or lava
at the surface
•
•
How do scientists Igneous rocks are
classified two different
classify Igneous ways:
Rocks? 1.Where they
were formed
2.What they are
made from
(mineral
composition)
•
• Intrusive Igneous •Igneous rocks
Rocks that form below
the Earth’s surface
are called
intrusive igneous
rocks (or
plutonic).
•
• Extrusive Igneous •Extrusive igneous
Rocks rocks, or volcanics, form
when magma makes its
way to Earth's surface.
The molten rock erupts
or flows above the
surface as lava, and then
cools forming rock.
•
Do Now: Answer Questions in
notebook
1. In your own words define
Igneous Rock?
2. Describe what an Igneous
Rock will look and feel like?
3.What is one example of a
Igneous Rock?
•Sedimentary rock
•
What are
Forms when
sedimentary particles of other
rocks? rocks or the
remains of plants
and animals are
pressed and
cemented together
Forms below the
surface
•
•Igneous rocks are the
•
What are most common rocks on
Earth, but because most of
sedimentary them exist below the
rocks? surface you might not
have seen too many of
them.
•75 percent of the rocks
exposed at the surface are
sedimentary rocks.
•
Metamorphic rock
•
What are •Forms when an existing
Metamorphic rock is changed by heat,
pressure, or chemical
Rocks? reactions
•Most metamorphic rock
forms deep
underground
•Forms when
particles of other
rocks or the remains
of plants and animals
are pressed and
Foldable (Front Cover)
Vocabulary Definitions
Mineral
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Foldable (Inside)
Examples/ Characteristics Vocabulary Definitions
sketches and formation
Crystal
Gem
Ore
Extrusive
Intrusive
Detrital Rocks
Chemical Rocks
Organic Rocks
Foliated
Non Foliated
Do Now: Answer questions below
1.When magma undergoes crystallization above
ground, what type of rock results?
– A. Intrusive igneous rock
– B. Extrusive igneous rock
– C. Metamorphic rock
– D. Sedimentary rock
• Which of the following rock types form from
placing other rocks under heat and pressure?
– A. Sedimentary rock
– B. Metamorphic rock
– C. Intrusive igneous rock
– D. Extrusive igneous rock
• What processes •Geological processes
make & destroy such as erosion &
rocks? deposition influence
the type of rock that
is formed on Earth’s
surface
•
•
What is •small particles
Sediment? (usually dirt) that was
suspended in water and
has settled to the
bottom
•
What is •is the process of
Erosion? removing sediment
from its original
location. Usually
carried away by
water or air; (it is
displaced
•is the sediment that
•
What is
is carried away (or
Deposition? displaced) by erosion,
is dropped off in a
new location.
Feeling the Heat &
Pressure
• Sediment that is buried, can be squeezed by
weight of layers on top of it to form
sedimentary rock.
• When the pressure & temperature is high
enough, the rock can change into
metamorphic rock.
• If the rock gets hot enough inside the earth, the
rock melts. The melted rock becomes
magma; which then cools & forms igneous
rock.
Parent Rock Granite Shale Sandstone
Daughter Gneiss Slate Quartzite

Rock
When a parent rock experiences

EXTREME heat and pressure, it
morphs into a new rock.
Igneous Rock
cooling
melting
Weathering
Magma
Heat & pressure
sediment
melting
Weathering Compaction &

cementation
Metamorphic Rock
Weathering
Heat & pressure Sedimentary Rock

Draw the rock cycle in your
notebook
Cornell Notes: Rock Cycle
Question/ Vocabulary
Notes
•
What is the
rock cycle? •The Rock Cycle
refers to the
constant sequence
of one type of
rock turning into
another.
•
Click Here for an Animation that Fur
Rock Cycle Project: Due Monday
• Make a children’s book about rocks. Book should
cover the 3 different type of rocks, how they are
formed, how they are classified, examples of each
type, and the rock cycle. Have both words (text)
and pictures (drawn and colored or pictures). Try
to put it into a story rather than a science text
book format.
• Write a 3+ page report about 1-2 rocks/minerals.
Research the rock/mineral on the web. Describe
what type of rock it is, how it was formed, what
it’s uses are, how/if it is mined, location, trade
value/ worth, and what it looks like. Include a
bibliography “Time New Roman 12 inch font if

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Do Now: Observe the specimen

1.What is the specimen called

Daughter Gneiss Slate Quartzite

When a parent rock experiences

Weathering Compaction &

Heat & pressure Sedimentary Rock

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