Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Before menarche
Childbearing age
Postmenopausal women
Before Menarche:
Trauma
Sexual abuse
Malignancy
Childbearing Age:
Pregnancy-related conditions:
Ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, trophoblastic disease
Iatrogenic:
Medications, herbal, HRT, OCP, IUCD
Systemic disorders:
CAH, Cushing, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia
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Pituitary-ovarian axis:
Hyperprolactinemia, PCOS
HRT
Atrophic Vaginitis
Malignancy
Terms Used to Describe Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Oligomenorrhea:
Bleeding occurs at intervals of > 35 days and usually is caused by a prolonged follicular
phase.
Menorrhagia:
Bleeding occurs at normal intervals (21 to 35 days) but with heavy flow
( ≥ 80 mL) or duration ( ≥ 7 days
Menometrorrhagia:
Bleeding occurs at irregular, noncyclic intervals and with heavy flow
( ≥ 80 mL) or duration ( ≥ 7 days).
Polymenorrhea:
Bleeding occurs at intervals of < 21 days and may be caused by a luteal-phase
Defect
Amenorrhea:
Bleeding is absent for 6 months or more in a nonmenopausal woman
Postmenopausal bleeding :
Bleeding recurs in a menopausal woman at least 1 year after cessation of cycles
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding:
PCOS
•Anovulation
Hyperprolactinemia
Symptoms: galactorrhea, olig- ,amenorrhea
Hypothalamic disorders:
• Eating disorders
• Stress
• Exercise-induced
Genital Tract
•Uterine causes:
Fibroid uterus
Endometrial polyp
•Cervical causes:
Endometrial polyp
Cervical cancer
Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding:
Laboratory Tests
BhCG Pregnancy
CBC Anemia
LFT Liver Dx
TSH,prolctin, Hypothyroidism, hyperprolactnemia
Hysteroscopy
Genital Tract
Fibroid Menorrhagia
Treatment : Myomectomy
Endometrial polyp
Gross App.
Hysteroscopic Hysteroscopic
Resection Appearance.
Cervical Polyp
• Diagnosis of exclusion
Management
•Medical Treatment
•Minimal invasive surgery
•Surgical treatment
Medical treatment
•OCP
•Progestogens: anovulatory cycles
•Mefenamic acid , Tranxamic acid: Menorrhagia
•Mirena IUCD
Menorrhagia
•Indications
•Procedure
•Complications
Hysterectomy
•Age
•Other pathology