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Module A

Multimedia Production
This project has been funded with support from the European
Commission under the Lifelong Learning Programme.
This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the
Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may
be made of the information contained therein

MODULE A
The module contains all the essential information on how to create
video content. Starting from familiarization with the equipment and its
features, finishing on video editing. The module should take the form
of a practical workshop. Topics:
1. Equipment and its functions.
2. How to compose shots.
3. Light design.
4. Sound.
5. Design basics.
6. Directing and working on stage.
7. Film editing

Module introduction
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There are many different types of camera, for example very
complex film cameras for cinema production, TV-cameras, DSLRs
or simple camcorders for the wide range of ordinary
consumers.
Equipment and its functions
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Equipment and its functions
built-in microphone
lens
control panel
LCD screen
viewfinder
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What is important?
stability
quality
smooth movement

A good tripod is heavy. It is convenient
to work, but inconvenient to transport.
Never the opposite.
Tripods
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One of the features that differentiate the cameras are different
formats of storage media where data is recorded:
Tape
Memory card (flash)
Flash recorder
CD/DVD

Data storage
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In addition to the camera and basic accessories, professional
filmmakers also have many additional features:
Boxes, trunks and bags to save transport
Charges and battery pacs
Extensions cords and power cords
Makeup box

Other
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How to compose shots?
Basic settings and dependencies between them

To record high quality material the operator has
to adjust the basic settings of the camera for
each new recording. A lot of simple consumer
cameras handle this automatically so there are
few possibilities to adjust some of the settings
manually. Most of the following functions are
only available with professional or
semiprofessional equipment.
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Before the next part of the training, each of you should be able to:
Turn on and turn off the camera
Add data storage and battery
Set the focus
Set the aperture and shutter speed
Setthe white balance
set the appropriate frame
record piece of video
Exercises
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Basic frames
Basic perspectives
Basic moves
Work with camera
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Basic frames
The establisher is the biggest/widest shot
and is used to introduce the viewer into the
setting of a movie or to present the
location. The viewer gets an idea as to the
place of an action, for example a village in
the mountains.
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Basic frames
Long shot (full shot). The long shot
presents the location a little bit more detail
than the establisher. For example: a little
house in a village, children are playing in
front of it, someone is coming.
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Basic frames
Knee shot. In this shot, the protagonists
(main characters) or single protagonist are
in the centre and are seen from head to
toe. Example: Two persons discuss, the
door opens and somebody comes out. This
person can already be identified by the
viewer.
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Basic frames
American shot. This shot originates from
Western movies and shows the person
from the head to knees (including the gun).
An American shot clearly shows gestures
because the hands are still in the picture.
Example: Someone talks to the man who
just got out of the car. The women is
nervous and puts his hands in his pocket.
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Basic frames
Medium shot. The medium shot shows a
characters upper-body, arms, and head.
Medium shots are relatively good for
showing facial expressions but work well to
show body language.
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Basic frames
Close up. The close up is common in movie
dialogues, interviews or news reports. The
person can be seen from the head to
chest. The facial expressions and emotions
are easy to identify. Garments, such as
shirts, jewelry or ties that give hints about
the social origin of a protagonist are in the
picture as well. Example: The women is
talking talking to another person and
smiling.
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Basic frames
Extreme close up. The extreme close-up
focuses on facial expression. Even the
subtlest emotions can be seen by the
viewer. Example: The women is obviously
surprised about the course of the
conversation. She tries to hide her
emotions but without success because her
face clenches.
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Basic frames
Detailed shot (insert shot). Detailed or
insert shots focus on objects that have a
special meaning or emphasise emotions.
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Basic perspectives
Eye level. An eye level perspective is the
most natural perspective to show people.
The camera is, as the name suggest, at eye
level. This is used for talks, interviews etc.
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Basic perspectives
View form below. In this case, the camera
is below eye level and films the person
slightly from below. Depending on the
context of a shot, this view shows either
self-confidence or negative characteristics
such as dominance over a person. Due to
the small difference between the eye level
and the view from below, viewers mostly
do not pay much attention to it.
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Basic perspectives
Upper view. An upper view is the opposite
of the view from below. The camera films a
person slightly from above. In certain
contexts, this perspective can show a
person as weak or cute.
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Basic perspectives
Worms and birds eye view.
Variations of the two perspectives
mentioned above are respectively the
worms eye and the birds eye view.
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Basic moves
Pan. Camera moves horizontally from left
to right side and other way round.
Tilt. Camera moves vertically from up to
down or the other way round.
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Dolly
Crane
Steadicam
Slider
Tripod on wheels
Zoom
How to move?
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The human eye possesses an excellent natural ability to adapt to
different light conditions. Technical equipment like cameras are
not so sophisticated and so need more time and special manual
adjustments to reproduce quality pictures in different light
settings.
Light design
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Three point illumination
The back light is positioned
across from the key light. The
back light gives the person a
sharpened outline and so they
are silhouetted against the
background. The shot seems to
be more graphic and gives a
bigger spatial depth.
The first type of light is key
light. It is the strongest one
and therefore determines
the shadow shape. The key
light is the first one to be
positioned, a little bit away
from the camera and slightly
from above so that the
shadows cast down.
Fill. The purpose of this
light is to brighten the
scene. It is fixed on the
other side of the camera
axis and should be paler
than the key light. The
brightening light softens
the shape of the
shadows caused by the
key light. With an
interlayer, the fill gets
smoother and therefore
appears to be more
natural.
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Tungsten
Fluorescent
LED
HMI
Types of lights
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Color temperature
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_temperature
1,700 K Match flame
1,850 K Candle flame, sunset/sunrise
2,7003,300 K Incandescent lamps
3,000 K Soft (or Warm) White compact fluorescent lamps
3,200 K Studio lamps, photofloods, etc.
3,350 K Studio "CP" light
4,1004,150 K Moonlight
5,000 K Horizon daylight
5,000 K tubular fluorescent lamps
5,5006,000 K Vertical daylight, electronic flash
6,200 K Xenon short-arc lamp
6,500 K Daylight, overcast
6,50010,500 K LCD or CRT screen
15,00027,000 K Clear blue poleward sky
MODULE A
Example:
On the set will be connected:
1 camera (200 W)
3 lamps (650 W each)
Additional equipment (500 W)
Remember:
Amperage is power divided by voltage!

=

=
200 + 3 650 +500
230
=
2650
230
11,5

In this situation rated curent of fuses shouldt be less than 12 A.
How much power do you need?
MODULE A
Before the next part of the training, each of you should be able to:
Know diffeences between all types of light
Be able to set lighting kit
Set american/medium frame with model on the base of 3 point lighting
Exercises
MODULE A
Ball microphone (omnidirectional).
Lavalier microphone.
Cardioids (unidirectional microphone).
Hyper cardioids
Super cardioids
Lobe
Built-in microphone
External recorder
Sound
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Design basics
Golden ratio:
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Golden ratio in practice:
The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner, 1962 (Tony Richardson)
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Re-focusing
Changing camera focus from one object to another without cut
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Practical issue
How to record that scene using two cameras?
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Practical issue
Mark best places for cameras
1 2
3 4
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Practical issue
1 and 3 or 2 and 4. Why? Lets draw the line:
1 2
3 4
This is axis of action.
Never exceed this
line! Set both cameras
on the same side of
the axis, otherwise
You confuse Your
audience.
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Practical issue
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Line contrast and symethry
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Vertical line
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Horizontal line
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Diagonal line
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Geomethry can help
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Bright-dark-contrasts
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Showing scale of event by chaos
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or by distance
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Before you start remember, you can:
Show the place of the action Show the action
Show the hero Show the expert
and so on.
You have to
choose, how You
want to show
Your story.
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The right direction
from general to detail
from detail to general
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Freytags pyramid
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Contrasts: Appeal to emotions: for example: happiness, empathy, sadness. Humour, if it fits to the
story, is always appreciated by viewers
Retardation: The solution of the conflict or the climax is postponed.
Suspense: Advance in information; a viewer knows more than the protagonist.
Surprise: Viewers know less than the protagonist and are surprised with events that they could not
have possibly foreseen.
Leap in time: The narration is told not in a chronological order. The order of the scenes creates
some kind dramaturgical effect; typical examples are flashbacks or future flashes.
MODULE A
Basically, during the post-production the units are defined as follows:
Take (or shot). A single continuous recorded performance, from start to stop of the
cameras recording. It is the smallest unit.
Scene. A continuous block of storytelling either set in a single location or following
a particular character. Scenes are composed of shots.
Sequence. The string of scenes.
Act. Typically a technical unit: one roll of 35 mm film with a length of 300 m.
Practically not used in video production.

Film editing
MODULE A
Adobe Premiere Elements XI basics
Timeline with tools, filters and effects ribbon. Timeline has different
tracks for video and audio. Audio tracks are also divided for regular
audio, narration or soundtrack. You can change tracks quantity or
order. Some tracks can be hidden or delete.
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Adobe Premiere Elements XI basics
Add Media panel. As You see, you can
add media files from many different
sources, including drives, camcorders,
webcams or digital photo cameras.
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Adobe Premiere Elements XI basics
From now You have all
imported media in Project
Assets panel. Its good if You
collect all important media
files before You start edit. It
will help You to keep order in
Your project.
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Adobe Premiere Elements XI basics
Any two shots you can connect
with each other simply (by placing
one after the other) or by using a
transition effect. The effect you
can choose from the menu below
Transitions timeline. You can
choose from dozens of different
transitions, basic and very
complex.
Simply drag and drop effect on the
Timeline between two clips.
MODULE A
Adobe Premiere Elements XI basics
For the edited movie to be available for viewing, it has to be exported into your chosen
format.The options are as follows:
Web DVD - if you're making a DVD to watch on a computer.
Disc - if you're making a DVD or a Blu-ray disc to watch on a standalone video player.
Online - if you want to publish your movie directly in the internet at YouTube, Facebook or Vimeo.
Computer - if you want to save your file to your computer.
Mobile Phones and Players - if you want to prepare your file so it's possible to play it on a
smartphone or some other mobile device.
MODULE A
More about film editing using Adobe Premiere Elements XI on our webinars:
Live on:
Term one
Term two
Term three
On demand:
from xx on project website
Film editing
MODULE A
Lets practice in studio
Exercises
Module B
Crossmedia Journalism
MODULE B
One of the main challenges in the new media production is the use of online
resources, social networks, and collaborative environment for news creation,
video production and streaming content. So, we want to offer interesting
information about some of the resources that could make it easier to produce
media content online.
1. Journalism in the XXI Century
2. Crossing of media
3. Dissemination of multimedia
4. Social networks
5. Legal issues

Module introduction
MODULE B

Traditional journalism Cross media journalism
Message Unidirectional Bidirectional / Multidirectional
Audience Specific group Diverse groups
Involvement No Audience collaboration
Media Using one media Multimedia different media are used
Channel Direct channel Multichannel
Temporality Specific time Un-temporal
Geography Restricted Unrestricted
Journalism in XXI Century
MODULE B
Crossmedia is
a new communication strategy that allows the information, a
new editorial content, or any other resource, to reach a wide
audience through using diverse media (multimedia), and
reaching the highest effectiveness of the message in this way.

MODULE B
Crossmedia
Transmedia
It extents the istory of other devices and the istory
doesnt have sense if we dont experiment all them. It
crosses platforms without extendid the narrative
universe.
Transmedia
The iniciatives, products and narratives are part of relate.
They extent the trama of the main axe to different
platforms and allow the users colaboration to amply
their universe.
MODULE B
News journalism is intended to present the news, without any
embellishments and ornaments, in a direct and objective way. It tells the
story as it happened, it strives to present the data in an objective way.
Columns journalism present the authors opinion and personality about a
topic, an event or a person. The journalism or professional reflects the
opinion of the media also. The viewer, listener or reader use to recognise
the opinion and scope of these professionals journalism.
Review journalism is halfway between news journalism and opinion
journalism (columns). That is, the reporter analyses and writes a story in
detail and includes subjective elements about it, giving their opinion
about what you are telling.
Investigative journalism is intended to uncover a subject, a person, an
event or an affair. The journalist investigates and verifies all the data and
facts related to it, and then it could be present in different ways: as a
special article in a newspaper or a magazine, as a TV documentary, etc.
Overview of journalism forms
MODULE B
Text
Articles
Quizzes
White
papers
Case studies
Blogs
Video
Kinetic
typography
Live stream
Interactive
graphics
Slide
presentation
Interactive
Charts
Graphics
Photos
Graphs
Info
graphics
Audio
Resources of content
MODULE B
NAME DEVELOPER COST LICENSE MEDIA MEDIA PLAYER
Darwin streaming
server
Apple Free APSL Audio/Video Any with appropriate protocol support.
Firefly Ron Pedde Free GPL Audio Any with appropriate protocol support.
Flash Media server Macromedia /adobe Not free Proprietary Video Flash Player
Free Cast Alban Peignier Free GPL Audio/Video FreeCast client
Helix DNA Server Realnetworks Free RCSL/RPSL Audio/Video Any with appropriate protocol support.
Helix Universal Server Realnetworks Free for 12
months (Basic)
Proprietary Audio/Video Any with appropriate protocol support for PC (MPEG-DASH, Flash
player, QuickTime, MS-Silverlight, Windows Media Player,
RealPlayer, VLC, Mplayer, HTML5), Tablet & Mobile (Android
(MPEG-DASH / HLS / RTSP), Blackberry, iOS, Symbian, HTML5) and
OTT (HLS or MPEG-DASH) IPTV STBs devices.
Icecast Xiph.Org Foundation Free GPL Audio/Video Any with appropriate protocol support.
IIS Media Service Microsoft Free Proprietary Audio/Video/Data Any with appropriate streaming protocol or HTTP progressive
download support, including Windows Media Player, Microsoft
Silverlight (in-browser, out-of-browser, Windows Phone), Adobe
Flash, VLC, Apple QuickTime, Apple Safari, iPhone/iPad/iPod Touch,
Android, IPTV set-top boxes, Xbox 360, and others.
Logitech Media Server Logitech Free GPL v2 Audio Various hardware and software clients available
Unreal Media Server Unreal Streaming
Technologies
Not free Proprietary Audio/Video Flash, Silverlight, iOS, Set-Top boxes, Unreal Player
VCL Media Player VideoLAN Free GPL v2 Audio/Video Any with appropriate protocol support.
Windows Media Microsoft Free Proprietary Audio/Video Any with appropriate protocol support, including Windows Media
Player and Microsoft Silverlight
Streaming and distribution
MODULE B
YouTube
Livestreaming
Local streaming companies
Simple streaming
MODULE B
Benefits Disadvantages
Cloud computing technology can be integrated
easily and quickly with other applications.
Cloud computing infrastructures provide greater
adaptability, lost data recovery, and minimize
downtime.
Cloud computing enables the content provider or
cloud services without installing any hardware
Cloud computing applications are usually
available within a couple of days or hours with a
considerable level of customization or
integration.
Automatic Updates do not adversely affect users
IT resources.
Centralized applications and data storage causes
an interdependence of service providers.
The availability of applications is subject to the
availability of access to the Internet.
Service reliability depends on the "health" of
technological and financial service providers in
the cloud.
The availability of highly specialized services could
take months or even years to be feasible to be
deployed in the network.
Security. Information must travel through
different nodes to reach your destination and
they are a source of insecurity.
Cloud based environment
MODULE B
Blogging:
tumblr (http://www.tumblr.com)
WordPress (http://wordpress.org)
Blogger (http://blogger.com)
Squarespace (http://SquareSpace.com)
Typepad (http://www.typepad.com)
Multimedia content platforms:
Brightcove:(http://www.brightcove.com/)
Kaltura (http://corp.kaltura.com)
Ooyala (Http://www.ooyala.com)
The Platform (http://theplatform.com)
Dissemination of multimedia
MODULE B
1. Choose the most appropriate social networks for your media.
2. Dont connect different networks.
3. Interact in the community.
4. Dont publish the same post more than 5 times a week.
5. Do not be a pessimist or negative.
6. Being present on social media is synonymous with being a day independently of
sector or activity that he/she develops.
7. Talk, listen, participate.
8. Do not copy.
9. What to communicate?
10. Time and perseverance.
Social networks
MODULE B
Digital media is the combination and interaction of all traditional media, such as audio, pictures,
video, text, movement, touch, and capture data.
The right to privacy is a human right regulated in this way:
Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
Art. 19 UN Universal declaration of human rights
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home
or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation.
Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
Art. 17 UN International Covenant on Civil and Political rights
Legal issues
MODULE B
Freedom of opinion is a human right developed by UN as follow
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to
hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas
through any media and regardless of frontiers
Art. 19 UN Universal declaration of human rights
Everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference.
Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to
seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either
orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice.
The exercise of the rights provided for in paragraph 2 of this article carries with it special
duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall
only be such as are provided by law and are necessary:
For respect of the rights or reputations of others;
For the protection of national security or of public order (order public), or of public
health or morals.
Art. 19 UN International Covenant on Civil and Political rights
Legal issues
MODULE B
Creative Commons
There are four basic attributions that could regulate your CC license:
Symbol
pictogram
Description

Attribution: The user has to attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or
licensor.

Non-commercial: The digital content distribution is limited to non-commercial use.

Not derivative works: The user can not alter, transform, or build upon this work.

Share alike: If the user alters, transform, or builds upon this work, the user has to distribute
the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

MODULE B
Creative Commons
Combining the above attributions you can use this six different CC license types:
Symbol/pictogram License type

Attribution only

Attribution-NoDerivatives

Attribution-NonCommercial

Attribution-ShareAlike

Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives

Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike

MODULE B
Copyleft
Open source
General Public License (GPL)
Whats more?
Module C
Train the Trainer
MODULE C

Personal competence
Social competence
Professional competence
Methodical competence
Pedagogical competence
Technical competence
Trainers competences
MODULE C

The authoritarian or hierarchic management style
The democratic or cooperative management style
The laissez-faire management style
The supporting style
Management styles
MODULE C

Personal ways to communicate
Technical ways to communicate

Communication with training participants
MODULE C
Training Cycle Management
1. Preparation
2. Training Needs
Analysis
3. Seminar Design
4. Material Design
5. Conduction
6. Evaluation
7. Conclusions &
Improvement
MODULE C
Participants
Recruitment
Collection of information about the participants

Environment
Location
Technical equipement
Contact information for the location
Subsistence
TCM Phase 1: Preparation
MODULE C
A Training Needs Analysis is a valuable tool in finding out about:
the status quo (how things are),
the desired status (how things should be).

DECS chain elements of TNA

TCM Phase 2: Training Needs Analysis
MODULE C
Time Topic Objective Method Media Comments
Start and end
of the unit
What is the
topic of this
unit?
What should
the unit
achieve?
Which method
is applied to
achieve the
objective?
Which media
tools does the
unit require?
Space for
any
additional
remarks
TCM Phase 3: Seminar Design
MODULE C

simple, precise language should be used (for better overview
and to save space)
attractive design (if it pleases the eye, theres a higher chance
for it to be looked at again)
illustrations and images (as often as possible if they are
well-made, they can make the understanding significantly
easier)

TCM Phase 4: Materials design
MODULE C
TCM Phase 5: Conducting
MODULE C
receiving feedback (which can be directly applied to the
seminar design)
motivating the participants (the seminar is seen as more
serious if its evaluated)
personal conclusions for the trainer (how well-received was
the trainers style?)
controlling whether the learning objectives were achieved

TCM Phase 6: Evaluation
MODULE C
Guidelines for feedback

I-narrative
Perceptional phrasing
Concrete and precise
Empathy
Descriptive and not judgmental


TCM Phase 6: Evaluation
MODULE C

PDCA - a circular control system which stands for
Plan (conception)
Do (conducting)
Check (control: what worked, what didnt work?)
Act (revision and going back to P)

TCM Phase 7: Conclusions & Improvement
MODULE C

Technical requirements
Internet access, hardware, software
Different style of presentation
Restricted to certain media tools, less control over participants
Precise timing and short duration
Fix scheduling and shorter attention span
Limited interaction
Higher anonymity, less possibilities for deeper connection


Specifics of Online Seminars
MODULE C
Exercise
Lets practice being a trainer!
Thank You!
newmediaproduction.eu

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