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Is the power and authority of a court to hear, try and

decide a case.

is a power constitutionally conferred upon a judge to
take cognizance of and decide cases according to law
and to carry his sentence into execution.

It is the power and authority to hear and determine a
cause or the right to the act in a case.
JURISDICTION
the tract of land or district within a judge has
jurisdiction, is called his territory and his power in
relation to his territory.

a criminal action should be filed in the place where
the crime is committed, except in those cases
provided in article 2 of the RPC.
TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION
GENERAL JURISDICTION refers to the power to
adjudicate all controversies except those expressly
withheld by the law.
LIMITED OR SPECIFIC JURISDICTION refers to the
restricted power to adjucate a particular case and
subject to such limits as may be provided by law.
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION is given to courts to take
cognizance of cases which may be instituted in those
courts in the first instance.
CLASSIFICATION OF
JURISDICTION
APPELATE JURISDICTION the jurisdiction which the
superior court has to bear appeals of cases which have
been tried in inferior courts.
EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION is that which has alone
the power to try or determine the suit, action or
matter of dispute.
CONCURRENT JURISDICTION is that which may be
entertained by several courts.
CIVIL JURISDICTION where the subject-matter to be
tried is not of a criminal nature.
CRIMINAL JURISDICTION cases criminal in nature.
SUPREME COURT
SANDIGANBAYAN
COURT
OF APPEALS
COURT OF TAX
APPEALS
COA
COMELEC
REGIONAL TRIAL
COURT
(SHARIS DIST.
COURT)
QUASI-JUDICIAL
BODIES
NLRC, PRC, ETC.
MTC/MTCC/MeTC/
MCTC
(SHARIA CIRCUIT
COURT)
(Secs. 32-33, BP 129 as amended by RA 7691, and Sec. 5,
RA 7691)
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
A. CIVIL CASES
1)E XCLUSIVE JURISDICTION

Actions involving personal property valued at not
more than 300K/400K
Actions demanding sum of money not exceeding
300K/400K Includes admiralty & maritime cases
Probate proceedings where gross value of estate
does not exceed 300K/400K

MTC, MCTC, MTCC & MeTC
Actions involving title/possession of real property
where assessed value does not exceed 20K/50K
Provisional remedies in principal actions within their
jurisdiction
Summary Procedure
1. Forcible entry and unlawful detainer
2. Irrespective of amount of damages or unpaid
rentals sought to be recovered
3. Other cases where total of the claim does not
exceed 100K/200K
Inclusion and exclusion of voters


2) Delegated
Cadastral and land registration cases
No controversy or opposition, and
Contested lots valued at more than 100K

3) Special
Petition for Habeas Corpus
In the absence of all RTC judges

B. Criminal
1) Exclusive
Summary Procedure
Violations of traffic laws, rules and regulations
Violations of rental law
Violations of city/municipal ordinances
committed w/in territorial jurisdiction
Offenses punishable with imprisonment of not
more than 6 months, or a fine not exceeding 1K,
or both
Regardless of other impossible accessory or other
penalties and civil liability arising therefrom



Offenses involving damage to property through
criminal negligence where imposable fine does not
exceed 10K
Offenses punishable with imprisonment of not more
than 6 years
Irrespective of fine
Regardless of other impossible accessory or other
penalties and civil liability arising therefrom
Have EOJ over Offenses involving damage to
property through criminal negligence


Offenses not falling within EOJ of Sandiganbayan
None of the accused is occupying a position
corresponding to salary grade 27 and higher
Only penalty provided by law is a fine not exceeding
4K
2) Special
Applications for bail
In the absence of all RTC judges


Concurrent (in civil actions)
1) With SC
Petition for quo warranto insofar as barangay officials
are concerned
2) With RTC
Application for Protection Order

(Sec. 19, BP 129 as amended by RA 7691)

ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
A. CIVIL CASES
1)E XCLUSIVE JURISDICTION
Other cases where demand or value of property in
controversy exceeds 300K/400K
Actions in admiralty & maritime jurisdiction where
demand/claim exceeds 300K/400K
Probate proceedings where gross value of estate
exceeds 300K/400K


REGIONAL TRIAL COURT

Actions involving title/possession of real property
where assessed value exceeds 20K/50K

Actions not capable of pecuniary estimation

Cases not falling within EJ of any court, tribunal,
person or body exercising judicial or quasi-judicial
functions

Under Securities & Regulation Code
Devices or schemes employed by the board of
directors, business associates, its officers or
partnership, amounting to fraud or
misrepresentation
Controversies arising out of intra-corporate
partnership relations
Controversies in the election or appointment of
directors, trustees, officers, or managers of such
corporation, partnership or association
Petition to be declared in a state of suspension of
payments

Application for issuance of writ of search and seizure
in civil actions for infringement of intellectual property
Violations of Anti-Money Laundering Act

B. Criminal
Not within the EJ of any court, tribunal, or body
Offenses punishable with imprisonment of more
than 6 years
Irrespective of fine
Offenses not falling within EOJ of Sandiganbayan
None of the accused is occupying a position
corresponding to salary grade 27 and higher


Only penalty provided by law is a fine exceeding 4K
Jurisdiction to impose the maximum and most serious
penalty imposable for an offense forming part of the
complex crime

Concurrent (in civil actions)
1) With SC
Actions affecting ambassadors & other public
ministers and consuls

2) With SC and CA
Petitions for habeas corpus and quo warranto


3) With SC, CA and Sandiganbayan:
Petitions for writ of amparo and habeas data
Petitions under Rule 65

4) With MeTC, MTC, MCTC
Application for Protection Order

5) With Insurance Commission
Claims not exceeding 100K

APPELATE JURISDICTION

All cases decided by lower courts in their respective
territorial jurisdiction.

(Sec. 9, BP 129 as amended by RA 7902)

ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
A.EXCLUSIVE
Annulment of judgments of RTC
Petitions under Rule 65 involving an act or omission
of a quasi-judicial agency
B.CONCURRENT
With SC
Petitions under Rule 65 against CSC
Petitions under Rule 65 against NLRC


COURT OF APPEALS
With SC and RTC
Petitions for habeas corpus and quo warranto
Actions brought to prevent and restrain violation of
laws concerning monopolies and combinations in
restraint of trade

With SC, RTC and Sandiganbayan
Petitions under Rule 65 relating to an act or omission
of a MTC, or of a corporation, board, officer or
person
Petitions for writ of amparo and habeas data

C. APPELLATE
Ordinary Appeal

From RTC
In its exercise of OJ
On constitutional, tax, jurisdictional questions
involving questions of facts which should be
appealed first to CA
Penalty imposed is reclusion perpetua or life
imprisonment


Lesser penalty is imposed for offenses committed
on the same occasion or which arose out of the
same occurrence that gave rise to the more severe
offense for which imposed penalty is reclusion
perpetua or life imprisonment

From Family Courts
From MeTC, MTC, MCTC
Land registration and cadastral cases

B.Petition for Review
From CSC
From RTC
In cases appealed from MeTC and MCTC, which are
not a matter of right
From quasi-judicial agencies
From NCIP
From Ombudsman
In administrative disciplinary cases

C.Petition for Certiorari
Against NLRC

D. Automatic Review
RTC imposed the death penalty

Under RA 8249, to determine whether the
Sandiganbayan has jurisdiction, lawyers must look into
two (2) criteria, namely:
The nature of the offense and
The salary grade of the public official.

ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
Exclusive:
Thus, Sec.4 of RA 8249 provides that the
Sandiganbayan shall have original exclusive jurisdiction
over:



SANDIGANBAYAN
1.) Violations of RA 3019 (Anti-graft and Corrupt
Practices Law);

2.) RA 1379 (Forfeiture of Illegally Acquired Wealth);

3.) Crimes by public officers or employees embraced in
Ch. II, Sec.2 Title VII, Book II of the RPC (Crimes
committed by Public Officers) namely:
A. Direct Bribery (Art. 210 as amended by BP 871,
May 29, 1985);

B. Indirect Bribery (Art. 211 as amended by BP 871,
May 29, 1985);


C. Qualified Bribery (Art. 211-A as amended by RA
7659, Dec. 13, 1993);
D. Corruption of public officials (Art. 212)

A. Officials of the executive branch occupying
the positions of regional director and higher, otherwise
classified as Grade 27 and higher, of the Compensation
and Position Classification Act of 1989 Republic Act No.
6758) specifically including:

(a) Provincial governors, vice-governors, members
of the sangguniang panlalawigan and provincial
treasurers, assessors, engineers and other
provincial department heads;







(b) City mayors, vice-mayors, members of the
sangguniang panlungsod, city treasurers, assessors
engineers and other city department heads;

(c) Officials of the diplomatic service occupying
the position of consul and higher;

(d) Philippine Army and Air Force colonels, naval
captains, and all officers of higher rank;

(e) Officers of the Philippine National Police while
occupying the position of provincial director and those
holding the rank of senior superintendent or higher;



(f) City and provincial prosecutors and their
assistants, and officials and prosecutors in the Office of
the Ombudsman and special prosecutor;

(g) Presidents, directors or trustees, or managers
of government-owned or -controlled corporations, state
universities or educational institutions or foundations;

B. Members of Congress and Officials thereof classified
as Grade 27 and up under the Compensation and
Classification Act of 1989;



C. Members of the Judiciary without prejudice to the
provision of the Constitution;

D. Chairmen and members of Constitutional
Commissions, without prejudice to the provision of the
Constitution;

E. All other national and local officials classified as Grade
27 and higher under the Compensation and Position
Classification Act of 1989.

4.) Other offenses or felonies whether simple or
complexed with other crimes committed in relation to
their office by the public officials and employees
mentioned above;

5.) Civil and Criminal Cases filed pursuant to and in
connection with EO 1, 2, 14 & 14-A issued in 1986

6.) OTHERS provided the accused belongs to SG 27 or
higher:

a.) Violation of RA 6713 - Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards

b.) Violation of RA 7080 - THE PLUNDER LAW

c.) Violation of RA 7659 - The Heinous Crime Law

d.) RA 9160 - Violation of The Anti-Money Laundering
Law when committed by a public officer
e.) PD 46 referred to as the gift-giving decree

f.) PD 749 which grants immunity from prosecution to
any person who voluntarily gives information about any
violation of Art.210, 211 or 212 of the RPC, RA 3019

Note: It should be noted that private individuals can be
sued in cases before the Sandiganbayan if they are alleged
to be in conspiracy with the public officer.
Concurrent with Supreme Court:

Petitions for issuance of Writ of mandamus,
prohibition, certiorari, habeas corpus, injunction and
other ancillary writs and processes in aid of its
appellate jurisdiction; Provided, jurisdiction is not
exclusive of the Supreme Court
Quo Warranto arising in cases falling under said EO 1,
2, 14 & 14- A

APPELLATE JURISDICTION

The Sandiganbayan is vested with Appellate
Jurisdiction over final judgments, resolutions or orders
of the RTC whether in the exercise of their original or
appellate jurisdiction over crimes and civil cases falling
within the original exclusive jurisdiction of the
Sandiganbayan but which were committed by public
officers below Salary Grade 27.

Pursuant to the provisions of Republic Act No. 1125
and other laws prior to R.A. 9282, the Court of Tax
Appeals retains exclusive appellate jurisdiction to
review by appeal, the following:
1) Decisions of the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue in cases involving disputed assessments,
refunds of internal revenue taxes, fees or other
charges, penalties imposed in relation thereto, or other
matters arising under the National Internal Revenue
Code or other law or part of law administered by the
Bureau of Internal Revenue;


COURT OF TAX APPEALS
2) Decisions of the Commissioner of Customs in
cases involving liability for customs duties, fees or
other money charges; seizure, detention or release of
property affected; fines, forfeitures or other penalties
imposed in relation thereto; or other matters arising
under the Customs Law or other law or part of law
administered by the Bureau of Customs [Rep. Act. No.
1125, (1954), Sec. 7];

3)In automatic review cases where such decisions
of the Commission of Customs favorable to the taxpayer
is elevated to the Secretary of Finance (Sec. 2315, TCC);
and

4) Decisions of the Secretary of Trade and
Industry, in the case of non-agricultural product,
commodity or article, or the Secretary of Agriculture, in
the case of agricultural product, commodity or article, in
connection with the imposition of the Anti-Dumping
Duty, Countervailing and Safeguard Duty [Republic Act
Nos. 8751 and 8752, (1999) Sec. 301 (a) and (p), and
Republic Act 8800].

Under Republic Act Number 9282, the CTA's original
appellate jurisdiction was expanded to include the
following:

Criminal cases involving violations of the National Internal
Revenue Code and the Tariff and Customs Code;
Decisions of the Regional Trial Courts (RTC) in local tax
cases;
Decisions of the Central Board of Assessment Appeals
(CBAA) in cases involving the assessment and taxation of
real property; and
Collection of internal revenue taxes and customs duties
the assessment of which have already become final.


As stated in the 1987 Constitution, the Supreme Court
has the power to review, revise, reverse, modify, or
affirm on the appeal or certiorari as the law or the
Rules of Court may provide, final judgments and
orders of lower courts in:

All cases in which the constitutionality or validity of
any treaty, international or executive agreement,
law, presidential decree, proclamation, order,
instruction, ordinance, or regulation is in question;

SUPREME COURT
All cases involving the legality of any tax, impost,
assessment, or toll, or any penalty imposed in
relation thereto;
All cases in which the jurisdiction of any lower court
is in issue;
All criminal cases in which the penalty imposed is
reclusion perpetua or higher;
All cases in which only an error or question of law is
involved.
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
A.Exclusive
Petitions under Rule 65 against:
CA
COMELEC
COA
Sandiganbayan
CTA en banc
Ombudsman in criminal and non-administrative
disciplinary cases


B. Concurrent
1) With CA
Petitions under Rule 65 against CSC
Petitions under Rule 65 against NLRC

2) With CA and RTC
Petitions for habeas corpus and quo warranto
Actions brought to prevent and restrain violation
of laws concerning monopolies and combinations
in restraint of trade


3) With CA, RTC and Sandiganbayan
Petitions under Rule 65 relating to an act or
omission of a MTC, or of a corporation, board,
officer or person
Petitions for writ of amparo and habeas data

4) With RTC
Actions affecting ambassadors & other public
ministers and consuls
(5) With MTC
Petition for quo warranto insofar as barangay
officials are concerned



Appellate Jurisdiction

A.Ordinary Appeal
From CA, in all cases involving offenses for which:
Penalty imposed is reclusion perpetua or life
imprisonment, or
Lesser penalty is imposed for offenses committed
on the same occasion or which arose out of the
same occurrence that gave rise to the more severe
offense for which the penalty of death is imposed

B.Petition for Review on Certiorari
From CA
From Sandiganbayan on pure questions of law
From judgments or final orders of RTC (OJ)
Constitutionality or validity of any treaty,
international or executive agreement, law,
presidential decree, proclamation, order,
instruction, ordinance or regulation is in question
Legality of any tax, impost, assessment or toll, or
any penalty imposed in relation thereto
Jurisdiction of lower court is in issue
Only error or question of law is involved



From CTA

C. Petition for Certiorari
Against COMELEC and COA

ENBANC

Means in the bench or full bench.

Refers to a session where the entire membership of
a court will participate in the decision.
In the resolution of the court dated Nov. 18, 1993, the
following cases are considered as en banc cases, or
those that may be referred to the court en banc:

Constitutionality or validity of any treaty,
international or executive agreement, law,
presidential decree, proclamation, order,
instruction, ordinance or regulation is in question;
Criminal cases in which the appealed decision
impose the death penalty;
Cases raising novel question of law;
Cases affecting ambassadors, other public
ministers and consul;
Cases decisions, resolutions or orders of the CSC,
COE, and COA;

Cases where the penalty imposed is the dismissal
of a judge, officer or employee of the judiciary,
disbarment of a lawyer, or either the suspension of
any of them for a period of more than one year or
a fine exceeding P10,000.oo or both;

Cases where a doctrine or principle laid down by
the court en banc or in division may be modified or
reversed;

Cases assigned to a division which in the opinion of
at least three members thereof merit the attention
of the en banc and are acceptable to a majority of
actual members of the court en banc; and

All other cases as the court en banc by a majority of
its actual membership may deem of sufficient
importance to a merit its attention.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8369
SEC. 5 Jurisdiction of family Courts. - The Family Courts
shall have exclusive original jurisdiction to hear and
decide the following cases:
a) Criminal cases where one or more of the accused is
below eighteen (18) years of age but not less than nine
(9) years of age but not less than nine (9) years of age
or where one or more of the victims is a minor at the
time of the commission of the offense: Provided, That
if the minor is found guilty, the court shall promulgate
sentence and ascertain any civil liability which the
accused may have incurred


FAMILY COURTS
The sentence, however, shall be suspended
without need of application pursuant to Presidential
Decree No. 603, otherwise known as the "Child and
Youth Welfare Code";

b) Petitions for guardianship, custody of children,
habeas corpus in relation to the latter;

c) Petitions for adoption of children and the revocation
thereof;


d) Complaints for annulment of marriage, declaration of
nullity of marriage and those relating to marital status
and property relations of husband and wife or those
living together under different status and agreements,
and petitions for dissolution of conjugal partnership of
gains;

e) Petitions for support and/or acknowledgment;

f) Summary judicial proceedings brought under the
provisions of Executive Order No. 209, otherwise known
as the "Family Code of the Philippines"


g) Petitions for declaration of status of children as
abandoned, dependent o neglected children, petitions
for voluntary or involuntary commitment of children; the
suspension, termination, or restoration of parental
authority and other cases cognizable under Presidential
Decree No. 603, Executive Order No. 56, (Series of
1986), and other related laws;

h) Petitions for the constitution of the family home;

i) Cases against minors cognizable under the Dangerous
Drugs Act, as amended;


j) Violations of Republic Act No. 7610, otherwise known
as the "Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse,
Exploitation and Discrimination Act," as amended by
Republic Act No. 7658; and

k) Cases of domestic violence against women and
children.


A Shari'a District Court is of limited jurisdiction. It was
created under Presidential Decree No. 1083. Cases
falling within the exclusive jurisdiction of the Shari'a
District Courts primarily pertain to family rights and
duties as well as contractual relations of Filipino
Muslims in the Mindanao.
It has exclusive original jurisdiction over the
following:
1. All cases involving custody, guardianship, legitimacy,
paternity and filiation arising under Presidential
Declaration No. 1083;
Sharia District Court
2. All cases involving disposition, distribution and settlement
of the estate of a deceased Muslim, probate of wills,
issuance of letters of administration or appointment of
administrators or executors regardless of the nature or the
aggregate value of the property;

3. Petitions for declaration of absence and death and for
cancellation and correction of entries in the Muslim
Registries mentioned in Title VI, Book Two of Presidential
Decree No. 1083;

4. All actions arising from customary contracts in which the
parties are Muslims, if they have not specified which law
shall govern their relations;
5. All petitions for mandamus, prohibition, injunction,
certiorari, habeas corpus, and all auxiliary writs and
processes in aid of its appellate jurisdiction;


It has concurrent original jurisdiction over the following:

1. Petitions by Muslims for the constitution of the family
home, change of name and commitment of insane
person to any asylum;

2. All other personal and real actions not mentioned in
paragraph 1(d) wherein the parties involved are Muslims
except those for forcible entry and unlawful detainer
which shall fall under the exclusive original jurisdiction of
the Municipal Circuit Courts; and

3. All special civil actions for interpleader or declaratory
relief where the parties are Muslims or the property
involved belongs exclusively to a Muslim.
Agencies are administrative agencies, more properly
belonging to the belonging to the Executive
department, but are empowered by the Constitution
or statutes to hear and decide certain classes or
categories of cases.
Empowered by the Constitution are the Constitional
Commission;
Civil Service Commission
Commission on Elections
Commission on Audit
QUASI-COURTS/QUASI-JUDICIAL
BODIES
Agencies empowered by statutes are:
Office of The President
Dept. of Agrarian Reform
Securities and Exchange Commission
NLRC
NTC
GSIS
LRA
National Electrification Administration
And other Agencies
The commission on human rights was created as an
independent office for cases of violation of the
human rights (Art. XIII, Sec. 17). Specific powers and
duties are expressly provided for by section 18 of the
1987 Constitution.

Commission of Human Rights
The 1987 Constitution explicitly provides that
Ombudsman and his deputies are called the protectors
of the people for they are tasked to act promptly on
complaints filed against public officials or employees
of the government including government owned and
controlled corporations (Art. XI, Sec. 12)
However, Republic Act. No. 6770, Sec. 15 provides that
the Ombudsman shall give priority to complaints filed
against high ranking government officials and those
occupying supervisory positions. It is composed of the
Ombudsman and six deputies.

Office of the Ombudsman
The president, Vice-President, members of the
Supreme Court, Constitutional Commission and the
Ombudsman may be removed from office by
impeachment for impeachment for conviction of
violations of the Constitution, treason, bribery, graft
and corruption, other high crimes or betrayal of
public trust. (Art. XI, Sec. 2). The House of
Representatives has the exclusive power to initiate
(Art. XI, Sec 3[1]) while the Senate has the sole power
to try and decide impeachment cases (Art. XI, Sec.
3[6]). All other public officials and employees may be
removed by law (Art. XI, Sec 2 the Civil Service Law)
I would like to thank the Ogs people and friends, for
without them, this presentation would have been
finished sooner.
Mr. antonio banderas Laudit for discussing Shariah
Courts
Mr. Helmet Head Cledera for discussing Family Courts
Mr. Escaparate Balde, our encoder
Mr. Assassin Detablan, whose support is truly
invaluable
Mr. Buni Alcala, whose documentation is always
expected.
Acknowledgements
Thank you!!!

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