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This document provides information on various hand embroidery stitches, including running stitch, backstitch, satin stitch, long and short stitch, buttonhole stitch, French knot, wheat ear stitch, and cross stitch. It describes how to execute each stitch, noting things like whether the stitch is worked from left to right or has reversible sides. Specific techniques are outlined, such as taking stitches at right angles in buttonhole stitch or twisting the needle twice to form French knots. Historical uses and variations of the stitches are also mentioned.
Original Description:
The various hand embroidery stitches are given with neat illustrations, and step by step procedure is clearly explained.
Various samples and designs of embroidery are also included.
Original Title
Basic Embroidery hand stitches - method of doing..
This document provides information on various hand embroidery stitches, including running stitch, backstitch, satin stitch, long and short stitch, buttonhole stitch, French knot, wheat ear stitch, and cross stitch. It describes how to execute each stitch, noting things like whether the stitch is worked from left to right or has reversible sides. Specific techniques are outlined, such as taking stitches at right angles in buttonhole stitch or twisting the needle twice to form French knots. Historical uses and variations of the stitches are also mentioned.
This document provides information on various hand embroidery stitches, including running stitch, backstitch, satin stitch, long and short stitch, buttonhole stitch, French knot, wheat ear stitch, and cross stitch. It describes how to execute each stitch, noting things like whether the stitch is worked from left to right or has reversible sides. Specific techniques are outlined, such as taking stitches at right angles in buttonhole stitch or twisting the needle twice to form French knots. Historical uses and variations of the stitches are also mentioned.
The stitch is worked by passing the needle in and out of the material. Running stitches may be of varying length, but typically more thread is visible on the top of the sewing than on the underside. Running stitches are a component of many traditional embroidery styles, including kantha of India and Bangladesh, and Japanese sashiko quilting. Running stitch Running stitches are used in hand-sewing, in hand patchwork to assemble pieces, and in quilting to hold the fabric layers and batting or wadding in place. Loosely spaced rows of short running stitches are used to support padded satin stitch. This stitch is used for outline and padding. The needle is carried in and out of material, making small up and down even stitches. Take several stitches on needle before drawing it through. There are many varieties of running stitch like, Interlaced double running stitch Double Running Stitch Stepped Threaded Running Stitch, Threaded running Whipped running
Stepped running stitch Looped Running stitch c) Laced Running stitch d) Interlaced running stitch e) Whipped Running Stitch f) Parallel running stitch g) Holbein stitch Also known as : Double running stitch, Line stitch, Two-sided Line stitch, Two-sided Stroke stitch, Square stitch, Chiara stitch Starts as a running stitch which doubles back on itself. This results in a reversible pattern, producing the same finish on the back as the finish on the front. Made from two passes of the thread, this stitch gives a neat back and is therefore used for Black work. The double-running employed in Black work is often called Holbein stitch. DOUBLE - RUNNING STITCH Outline design in running stitch, then weave a thread in and out of running stitch. A contrasting thread may be used if desired.
Threaded Running Stitch The term couching is taken from the French word 'coucher', which means to lie down. Also known as convent stitch and kloster stitch, Couching is extremely simple to work. from the back of the fabric with a large eyed needle. Used in Brazilian embroidery to create fine lines of green growth. We call it "fine growth". Medieval embroiderers made full use of couching to be economical with expensive threads, such as gold thread, on the surface of the work Couching Stitch Hold a heavy thread or cord or several threads along the line to be followed. Bring needle, threaded with finer thread, up close to cord. Thrust needle down on opposite side of cord to make a stitch at right angles to it. Bring needle up to left in position for another right angle stitch. Continue taking stitches over cord, spacing them evenly. Take the heavy thread to the back of the fabric with a large needle and secure both ends of the heavy thread by using a few small stitches. The second thread can be arranged in patterns - as in laid work
The basic stitch is worked from right to left keeping distance between stitch beginnings equal and consistent. Backstitch is usually used to outline items in a piece of needlework, although it can be recommended for things like stems of flowers, etc. It is called backstitch because one literally makes small, straight stitches backwards from what one would normally do. Back stitch A stitch made by setting the needle back of the end of the last stitch, and bringing it out in front of the end. Backstitch is a continuous chain of overlapping stitches that outlines an embroidered design. The backstitch appears frequently in black work embroidery, a centuries-old form of elegant needlework featuring geometric designs made with black silk thread on white or ivory linen. Backstitching should be done after design is completed This is a kind of filling stitch which is ideal for making leaves or feathers. It requires us to divide the pattern into two and each side is filled alternately giving it a plaited effect in the centre, thus ideal to make leaves or feathers. The following leaf figure is divided in the centre with a stitch line and named the lines as X, Y and Z.
FISHBONE STITCH Open Fishbone stitch This stitch is similar to the fishbone stitch, with a requirement to divide the pattern into two. The difference is that the stitches in the centre of the pattern does not fall on the stitch line, but on its either sides. This helps to make the stitches far spaced to create the open fishbone effect. Satin stitch is also known as damask stitch. Oldest stitches evolved and is used for filling not too broad spaces. It is quite commonly used in different traditional embroidery forms of India, China and Japan. The Satin stitches are limited both in their application and effect. Church embroidery over cartoons is Satin stitch; so are also large portions of Italian and Spanish sixteenth century work. It consists in placing parallel stitches completely over a given form, allowing no break in the surface. Working the stitch is quite simple. Satin Stitches Bring the thread up through the fabric and make a single straight stitch. Bring the needle out very close to the stitch just made and continue to fill the shape. Care should be taken not to use the stitch for broad areas as the stitch tends to loosen with time. Other versions of satin stitch like long and short are more suitable for the purpose.
SATIN STITCH FAMILY Whipped satin stitch Encroaching satin stitch Brick stitch This stitch is a way of filling patterns, especially when the pattern is very big for the normal satin stitch to be followed. Here, the stitches are laid in a brick like fashion. Shading can be done using this stitch. This kind of stitch cannot follow curves easily. The stitches in the first row are alternately long and short, and closely follow the shape of the outline. In the following rows, the stitches are even in size and worked to achieve a smooth appearance. The diagram shows how to achieve a shaded effect.
LONG AND SHORT STITCH Buttonhole stitch is also known as blanket stitch because it was often used as an edging on blankets. The buttonhole stitches, also called Overcast stitches, are worked in the hand. Buttonhole can also be worked in freeform manner with rows stacked to create texture as in the illustration to the right. Buttonhole stitch This stitch is worked from left to right over two imaginary lines. Bring the thread out on the lower line, insert the needle in position in the upper line making a straight downward motion and then loop the thread under the needle point. Pull the needle through the fabric to form a loop and repeat this process along the line. By altering the lengths of the upright stitches buttonhole can be both decorative and practical. Basic buttonhole stitch is the foundation for a family of stitches. Remember the stitches should always be taken at right angles to the direction of the curve in the scallop one is working
Some people find it better to work the knot with the fabric stretched in an embroidery hoop using a chenille or straw needle. French Knot is also known as French dot, knotted stitch, twisted knot stitch and wound stitch. The weight of the thread will determine the size of the finished stitch FRENCH KNOT Bring the thread out at the required position Hold the thread down where it emerges with the left thumb and encircle the thread twice with the needle. Still holding the thread firmly with your thumb, twist the needle back to the starting point and insert it close to where the thread first emerged (not in the exact place or it will simply pull back through). Pull the needle through to the back, leaving a small knot on the surface, as shown, or pass on to the position of the next stitch as at B. The Wheat Ear is a combination of the Lazy Daisy Stitch and the Fly stitch worked together to form a wheat ear design. They may be worked individually as a spot motif or as a continuous line, as shown in the illustration below. This stitch is suitable for working leaves and grasses. Single Wheat Ear A fly stitch is made first; this is like a lazy daisy stitch opened out. A lazy daisy stitch is then worked with the tips of the loops hooked into the base of the fly stitch.
CROSS STITCH Cross stitch, which is also known as sampler stitch, Berlin stitch and point de marque, is currently very popular due to a huge industry in designs and kits. Late twentieth and early twenty first century cross stitch are very famous. It is one of the oldest stitches in the history of textiles and used world wide today as in the past. Cross stitch Although the actual construction of cross stitch is the same there are different ways of working. One rule remains constant, and that is, that the top diagonals should always lie in the same direction. This rule however, is broken by some contemporary embroidery if a deliberate effect is desired in which case the top diagonals will vary in order to catch the light in a particular direction or simply to break up the even surface. Cross stitch is based on the simple action of crossing one thread against the other. This action in stitching has been used around the globe since the beginning of textile history. For this reason, there are many variations to Cross stitch and some listed here. They are Alternating cross stitch, Rice stitch, Double cross stitch, Long arm cross stitch and Montenegrin Cross Stitch Family On the right side, this stitch resembles two rows of backstitch and on the wrong side the catch stitch. Slant the needle the same as if making a catch stitch, make a single back stitch, first on the lower side and then diagonally across on the upper side. Work this stitch on transparent material so the crossing of threads shows through to right side. This stitch is often called herringbone stitch when crosses are worked on right side Crossed Backstitch or Shadow Embroidery Chain stitch is also known as tambour stitch and point de chainette. Chain stitch is one of the oldest of the decorative stitches and is the basis of a large group of stitches. It has a long history and is widespread, throughout the world. It is believed to have originated in Persia and India, where it is worked with the aid of a fine hook known as an 'ari'. In the west this tool which looks like a crochet hook, is known as a 'tambour' hook. The needlework produced using this method is known as tambour embroidery. CHAIN STITCH A large variety of threads can be used from the finest silk to ribbon; the size of the stitch will depend on the weight of the thread used. There are variety of chain stitches namely Zigzag Chain, Twisted Chain, Double Chain, Open Chain, Chequered Chain, Cable Stitch, Lazy Daisy Stitch, Wheat Ear, Backstitched Chain, etc Chain stitch is simple to work. Bring the needle up through the fabric and hold the thread with the left thumb. Insert the needle back into where it first came out. Take the needle through the fabric bringing the point of the needle out a short space along the line to be stitched. With the thread wrapped under the needle point pull the needle through the fabric There are variety of chain stitches namely Zigzag Chain Twisted Chain Double Chain Open Chain Chequered Chain Cable Stitch Lazy Daisy Stitch Wheat Ear Backstitched Chain etc. This is worked with two threads of different colours, both threaded into the same needle. As the name implies, one loop is of one colour and the next of the other. Pass one thread at a time under the needle to form the loop. The colours are used alternately to give a chequered effect Chequered Chain Zigzag Chain The Zigzag Chain is worked in a similar way to chain stitch, but the stitches are made between two lines. Insert the needle first on the right side and then on the left to form a border. Chequered Chain This is worked with two threads of different colours, both threaded into the same needle. As the name implies, one loop is of one colour and the next loop is of the other. Pass one thread at a time under the needle to form the loop. The colours are used alternately to give a chequered effect Stem stitch has many other names like crewel stitch, stalk stitch and South Kensington stitch. It is an outline stitch and is commonly used in stems. It is worked from left to right taking small regular stitches along the line of the design. The thread is kept to the right of the needle after picking up a small piece of material. T he needle always emerges from the left side of the previous stitch. It is worked in a forward and backward motion. Each stitch move a step back along the previous stitch. Stem Stitch This stitch is also known as the Link Stitch. A single chain stitch tied down with a small stitch. This stitch may be used singly to form a spot pattern over a large area or may be clustered together to make small flowers. Lazy Daisy Stitch
This is an interesting variety of chain stitch, especially if worked in thick thread. First work a line of chain, then, with a contrasting colour, make a line of back stitch down the center (see illustration below). Backstitched Chain The Wheat Ear is a combination of the Lazy Daisy Stitch and the Fly stitch worked together to form a wheat ear design. They may be worked individually as a spot motif or as a continuous line, as shown in the illustration below. This stitch is suitable for working leaves and grasses. A fly stitch is made first; this is like a lazy daisy stitch opened out. A lazy daisy stitch is then worked with the tips of the loops hooked into the base of the fly stitch. Wheat Ear Fly stitch is also known as 'Y' stitch, and open loop stitch. Fly stitch is worked easily since it is made up of a V- shaped loop which is then tied down by a vertical straight stitch. Fly stitch To begin Fly stitch, bring the thread through the fabric out at the top and to the left of the line that is to be worked. Hold the thread down with the left thumb and insert the needle a small space, level and to the right of where the thread first came out. Make a small stitch downwards to the center. With the thread wrapped under the needle, pull it through the fabric and secure it in position with a small loop. The tying stitch that secures the loop can vary in length to produce different effects. Herringbone stitch is also known as Mossoul stitch, Persian stitch, Russian stitch, Russian cross stitch, plaited stitch, catch stitch and witch stitch. Herringbone is an old stitch which has many variations. Herringbone creates a regular crossed zigzag line. This can also be called a little modified cross stitch.
Herringbone Stitch This stitch is worked from left to right along parallel lines. To keep the width of the stitches even, guide-lines need to be marked on the fabric. To do this, use one of the fade out or water dissolvable pens available. Commence by bringing the needle out on the left-hand side of the line to be worked. Make a small stitch on the upper line which points to the left. Keep the thread below the needle and pull it through the fabric. Insert the thread on the lower line a little to the right and make a small stitch which points to the left. Pull the needle through the fabric with the thread above the needle
Bullion knot is also known as bullion stitch, caterpillar stitch, and coil stitch, grub knot, knot stitch, post stitch, Porto Rico rose and worm stitch. Bullion knot is a versatile stitch which can be used as an accent or massed together to create a dense texture. The weight of the thread used, determines the size of the finished knot. We can create interesting effects by using two or three contrasting fine threads threaded in the needle at the same time.