PRESENTATION ON

COMBINED COOLING, HEATING AND POWER

(CCHP)

PRESENTED BY
Amandeep singh
Amit K. sharma
Gaurav sharma
Out line of presentation
Introduction
CCHP System
CCHP Versus Conventional generation
Types of CCHP system
Status and development of cchp technologies
Scoping study
Benefits of combined heat and power
Application of CCHP
Case Study
Building Load Calculation
Analysis of CCHP System
Sensitivity Analysis of CCHP System
Conclusions

INTRODUCTION
Combined cooling, heat and power (CCHP) or trigeneration refers to the
simultaneous generation of electricity and useful heating and cooling from
the exhaust heat of power generation unit.
It integrates an absorption chiller to produce cooling effect, which is
sometimes referred to as building cooling heating and power (BCHP)
system.
Design and operation of CCHP systems must consider the type and quality
of the energy being consumed.
CCHP systems have huge energy efficiency improvements because they
produce two forms of useful energyheat and electricity, from a single fuel
source.
Potentially reaching an efficiency of up to 80%, for the best conventional
plants.
Recent development of CCHP systems is related to the emergence of DER
(distributed/decentralized energy resources).
SCHEMATIC OF CCHP SYSTEM
ENERGY FLOW DIAGRAM OF CCHP SYSTEM
CCHP Versus Conventional generation
IMPROVED ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
TYPES OF CCHP SYSTEM






On the basis of cooling requirement
CCHP system with Electric chiller
CCHP system without Electric chiller

On the basis of size of Prime mover
Micro CCHP system
Small scale CCHP system
Medium scale CCHP system
Large scale CCHP system


CONTD.
According to chiller
Absorption chillers
Adsorption chillers
Desiccant dehumidifiers

According to source of energy
CCHP system driven by solar energy
CCHP system driven by biofuel

STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT OF CCHP
TECHNOLOGIES:

Prime movers
Steam turbines
Micro-turbines
Reciprocating internal combustion engines
Combustion turbines
Stirling engines
Fuel cells

SCOPING STUDY
Purpose
To determine whether installing a CHP system will be both technically
and economically viable for the site.
Stages:
Determination of energy profile
Calculation of Heat to power ratio
Interpretation of results
Basic financial calculation
Basic environmental calculation

Benefits of combined heat and power

CHP requires significant capital investment in
plant and resources. However, the high capital
outlay is balanced by:
lower costs
a better environmental performance
a more reliable and secure energy supply.
OTHER BENIFITS
Enhanced capital allowance
Carbon reduction commitment
Renewable obligations

APPLICATION OF CCHP


Combned cooling,heating & power in supermarket

Energy saving in airport by cchp

Economics of cchp system in hospital

Cchp in household

chpp in food industry

CASE STUDY


FLOOR PROPERTIES

BUILDING LOAD CALCULATION
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
COOLING LOAD
HEATING LOAD
MONTH
kW
DESIGN OF CCHP
=
max +min
2

=16.55kW
Assume COP of VAM = 1
Heat required for VAM = 16.55kW
Capacity of turbine=

(1)
=22.06kW
Assume capacity of turbine=25%
CONTD.
heat available in the exhaust flow=capacity(1-)
=16.55kW
Assume no of working hrs.=125/month
Heat available at exhaust=2069.04kWh
Heat to VAM=monthly cooling load*cooling hrs. per month
Heat to HRB=monthly heating load*heating hrs. per month
Heat balance=heat available-(heat to VAM+heat to HRB)
Heat to power ratio=



=1.190

CONTD
Anually lectricity generation= .
=24166kWh
Other electricity load=monthly other load*working hrs. per month
=34045kWh
Electricity need to import from grid=generation-other electricity load
=9879kwh
Total gas consumption=gas needed in turbine+gas use in VAM
=(2157+351)m
3
=2509m
3




MONTHLY ELECTRICAL LOADS OF BUILDING


0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
COOLING LOAD
HEATING LOAD
OTHER ELECTRICAL LOAD
TOTAL ELECTRICAL LOAD
MONTH
kW
ANALYSIS OF CCHP SYSTEM
1. With 22.06kW Gas Turbine and 4.70TR VAM capacity

In analysis of CCHP system following parameters have been
calculated
Amount of electricity generated by Gas Turbine
Amount of electricity need to Imported/Exported
Amount of heat available in Turbine exhaust gas
Amount of cooling produced by VAM & remaining cooling
Amount of heat not utilized by VAM & HRB
Natural gas consumption in Gas Turbine and VAM
IRR of the system
Total CO
2
emission reduction by the project activity


Electricity generated and Imported with Gas turbine of capacity 22.06kW at
efficiency 25% and 0.50 Turbine load fraction(LF).
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
geration from turbine
other electrical load
MONTH
k
W
h
AMOUNT OF HEAT AVAILABLE IN TURBINE EXHAUST GAS AND HEAT
DISTRIBUTION IN VAM AND HRB

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
geration from turbine
other electrical load
energy need to import
MONTH
k
W
h
AMOUNT OF HEAT AVAILABLE IN TURBINE EXHAUST GAS AND HEAT
DISTRIBUTION IN VAM AND HRB

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
heat available in the exhaust flow
heat to VAM
heat to HRB
heat not utilized
.
COOLING GENERATED BY VAM USING TURBINE EXHAUST HEAT &
REMAINING COOLING

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
energy required from grid
heat to VAM
MONTH
NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION IN GAS TURBINE & VAM


0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
gas use in VAM
gas consumption
MONTH
m
3
Annually, 2157m
3
Natural gas consumed in Gas Turbine and 351m
3
Natural
gas need to burn in VAM to generate remaining cooling.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Life of the system 20
gas turbine cos 1000000
instalation cost 100000
VAM cost 300000
total cost 1400000
Escalation 5%
price of electricity Rs./kWh 6
price of natural Rs./m3 17
maitenance cost of gas turbine 5000
maitenance cost of VAM 5000


ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Electricity cost=annual generation*price of electricity
Rs./kWh
Gas cost=annual gas consumption*price of natural Rs./m3
Assume O&M cost of turbine and VAM=Rs.10000/year
Saving in elec.=total cooling and heating load*price of
electricity Rs./kWh
Negative cashflow= O&M cost +gas cost+electricity cost
Positive cashflow= saving in electricity cost
Cumulative cashflow= Positive cashflow- Negative cashflow
Payback period=2yrs
IRR=53%
S.
No.
Parameter Turbine capacity
22.06W
1. Electricity Generated (kWh/year)
24166
2. Natural gas consumption in Turbine
(m
3
/year)
2157
3. Heat produced by turbine exhaust
(kJ/year)
24824
4. Maximum cooling produced by VAM
(TR)
4.7
5. Natural gas consumption in VAM
(m
3
/year)
351
6. Electricity Import/Export (kWh/year)
37982
7. Amount of heat not utilized (kJ/year)
2707
8. IRR ( % )
53
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

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