Laying Down A

Framework
Hep 101
Today We Will
Define hepatitis, viral hepatitis &
the liver
Learn about the 5 different types
of viral hepatitis
Learn more about hepatitis C:
The scope of the disease
Sins!symptoms
"is# factors and prevention
What Is Hepatitis?
$epatitis means inflammation of the liver
$epat %liver& ' itis %inflammation&( $epatitis
)iral hepatitis means there is a specific
virus that is causin your liver to inflame
%s*ell or become larer than normal&
The Liver
+s located in the upper riht ,uadrant
of the abdomen
Cleans the blood
"eulates hormones
$elps *ith blood clottin
-roduces bile
-roduces important proteins
.aintains blood suar levels
/nd much, much, more

The liver is essential

for life !

Inflammation
Walls of
scar
tissue
begin to
form
Healthy liver cells
become trapped
by a wall of scar
tissue
Viral Hepatitis
5 types:
! fecal0oral transmission
"! se1ual fluids & blood to blood
#! blood to blood
$! travels *ith 2
%! fecaloral transmission
Vaccine
&reventable
Adapted from Corneil, 2003
Hepatitis # Infection
3orld 0 456 million people
Canada 0 786,666 to 966,666
%6:;< to 4< of pop:&
2C 0 86,666 %4<&
)ancouver 0 44,956 %7<&
DT=S )+D>S Study 0 4,895
?6< hep C posititve
WHO 2000, BC Hepatitis Service 2003, !"#S 2003
Hepatitis #
/ffects each person differently
'o vaccine available
.any people have the virus and
do not even #no* it
/ppro1imately 4 out of 466
Canadians infected
$BC Hepatitis Service 2003
Overall cure rate with new treatment is 55%
$
'atural History of Hep #
Adapted from %a&er and Wal'er, ()*+ 200,
$ealthy
Liver
/cute
+nfection
Chronic
+nfection
76<
Clear the
)irus
;6< )irus
Continues
to Damae
Liver
@nly 76< *ill
sho* symptoms
+nitially A
'atural History #on(t
Chronic
$epatitis
Cirrhosis
76096<
Liver
Cancer
408<!year
+ost s-mptoms .e/in to sho0 onl- 0hen liver is more severel- dama/ed
)actors ffecting
&rogression
96yrs or loner if:
*oung at time of infection
Healthy liver at time of infection
)emale
76yrs or less if:
$rin+ing alcohol
#o,infection -HIV. Hep "/
$amaged liver before infection
Adapted from Bi/ham, BC Hepatitis Services 2002
0igns and 0ymptoms
+ndividuals may have one or more
of the follo*in symptoms, *hile
others e1perience no symptoms:
Tiredness
Bausea
.uscle or Coint pain
Trouble sleepin
Loss of appetite
3eiht loss
/bdominal pain
+tchiness
Depression
Dar# urine %pee&
0igns and 0ymptoms
/ fe* may have specific liver
related symptoms initially:
-ale stool %poo&
Daundice %yello*in of the s#in or
eyes&
1is+ )actors
HCV-infected household
member/sexual partner
(7%)
Tattooing
piercing
(6%)
Hospitaliation
dental !or"
(6%)
Transfusion/dial#sis
blood contact ($%)
%ncarceration (&%)
'o () identified
(*&%)
%+,/snorting
(-.%)
/ource0 Health Canada )nhanced S&rveillance, Oct 123Oct 11, Cal/ar-, )dmonton, Winnipe/, Otta0a
Hepatitis #
$ispelling 2yths
$epatitis C is not spread by:
Casual contact
$uin!#issin
Sharin eatin utensils and drin#in
lasses
SneeEin!couhin
Sha#in hands
Sittin on a toilet seat

&revention
Bever share dru e,uipment
Stra*s, bills, needles, syrines, *ater,
filter, coo#er, pipes etcF
Bever share tooth brushes!raEors
or any personal hyiene articles
that have blood on them %even tiny
amounts&:
-ractice safer se1
&revention
/l*ays ma#e sure ne* & steriliEed
e,uipment is bein used for tattooin
& piercin
.a#e sure in# for tattooin is not bein
shared
Do not touch dirty needles *ithout
proper e,uipment or follo*in proper
procedures
$irty 'eedle &recautions
4: $andle only if you have proper e,uipment
Sturdy pair of loves, tons or pliers and a puncture
proof container %heavy plastic or metal&
7: -lace needle in puncture proof container
Do not touch needle *ith bare hands and do not try to
recap needle if cap present
9: Can dispose container in arbae but better
if it is ta#en to health clinic or needle
e1chane
8: /t school, notify custodian, teacher, nurse
or police liaison officer

'eedle &ric+
4: Do not Gmil#H pric# site
7: 3ash the area *ith soap and *ater
9: Io to nearest emerency department
for assessment and treatment
3uestions?